Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:44:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ChristianeNMC_DISSERT.pdf: 600185 bytes, checksum: c0c018324c1fcc7bd8fc7f2c83e2257c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-09 / Post-menopause is characterized as the period beginning one year after the permanent cessation of menstrual cycles, which is typically related to medical disorders that, in association with Metabolic Syndrome (MS), represent a set of cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To assess dietary intake and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women, according to the level of physical activity. Methods: The sample consisted of 82 women, evaluated in the Northern Zone of the city of Natal / RN who were participants in the Natal Active Program. People completed a Food Frequency Consumption Questionnaire (FFCQ) and were interviewed about physical activity. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were used to diagnose MS (Metabolic Syndrome). Result: The active women consumed more protective foods (flaxseed, nuts, whole wheat bread, brown rice and olive oil) than inactive women. Risky foods (sugar, crackers, white bread, white rice, margarine and beef) were consumed more by the group of inactive women. The prevalence of MS was higher in inactive women (53.30%) than in physically active women (46.70%). Conclusion: Active post-menopausal women had a higher daily intake of protective foods in relation to cardiovascular disease, while the inactive post-menopausal women had higher intake of risky foods for such diseases / A p?s-menopausa ? caracterizada como o per?odo iniciado um ano ap?s a interrup??o permanente dos ciclos menstruais que normalmente est?o relacionadas com patologias que em associa??o ? s?ndrome metab?lica (SM) representam um conjunto de fatores de risco cardiovascular. Objetivo: Avaliar o consumo alimentar e a preval?ncia de s?ndrome metab?lica em mulheres na p?s-menopausa, de acordo com o n?vel de atividade f?sica. M?todos: A amostra foi composta por 82 mulheres, avaliadas na zona norte do munic?pio de Natal/RN e participantes do Programa Natal Ativa. Foi aplicado um Question?rio de Frequ?ncia de Consumo Alimentar (QFCA) e uma anamnese com quest?es sobre a pr?tica de atividade f?sica. Para o diagn?stico da SM foram realizadas medidas antropom?tricas e exames bioqu?micos. Resultado: As mulheres ativas consomem mais alimentos protetores (linha?a, castanhas, p?o integral, arroz integral e azeite) do que as mulheres inativas. Quanto ao consumo di?rio de alimentos considerados de risco (a??car, biscoito salgado, p?o franc?s/forma, arroz branco, margarina e carne de boi), esses foram mais consumidos pelo grupo das mulheres inativas. A preval?ncia de SM nas mulheres inativas foi maior (53,30%) do que nas mulheres ativas (46,70%). Conclus?o: As mulheres ativas na p?s-menopausa tiveram um maior consumo di?rio de alimentos protetores para doen?as cardiovasculares, assim como os alimentos de risco para tais doen?as foram mais consumidos pelas mulheres inativas. A preval?ncia de SM nas mulheres inativas foi maior do que nas mulheres ativas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MichellyCBM_DISSERT.pdf: 583950 bytes, checksum: 4a3facfaef9f9ccddfa1dbebe6a8acc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-05 / Physical activity is one of the main components of a healthy lifestyle, responsible for many health benefits. Despite being considered important for both disease prevention and health promotion there is high prevalence of sedentary behavior in the elderly population. Questionnaires are practical and feasible instruments for assessing levels of physical activity. However, they may have limitations in older age ranges. Accelerometers, movement sensors that make physical activity data more objective, emerge as reliable measuring devices. Aim: Determine the validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) adapted for elderly with accelerometry in elderly women. Methods: 57 elderly women, with mean age of 66.05 ? 5.98 years who took part in hypertension control and physical activity incentive programs were assessed in relation to objective and subjective measures of physical activity. The accelerometer was used for 07 consecutive days, 24 hours per day before the IPAQ was applied. Data were analyzed using measures of central tendency and dispersion to characterize the sample according to variables collected. To check the validity of the data we used the Spearman correlation test, considering a significance level of p <0.05. Results: With respect to the categories of physical activity obtained by IPAQ, 46.4% developed moderate physical activity, followed by a high (30.3%) and low level (23.2%). There was a negative correlation only between self-reported time spent sitting and time spent on light activities as measured by accelerometry (r = - 0.408; p = 0.003) and mean activity level (counts/min) with physical activity levels evaluated by IPAQ (r = 0.297; p = 0.036). Conclusion: The IPAQ used in elderly women shows moderate to low validity levels according to accelerometry measures. Assessment of sedentary activities exhibited acceptable levels compared to accelerometry; however, moderate (r = 0.096; p > 0.05) to vigorous (r = 0.098; p > 0.05) activities were not correlated, demonstrating the inability of IPAQ to evaluate this type of activity in elderly women / A atividade f?sica ? um dos principais componentes de um estilo de vida saud?vel, respons?vel por muitos benef?cios ? sa?de. Apesar de ser considerada um importante comportamento tanto para a preven??o de doen?as como para a promo??o da sa?de ? evidente a alta preval?ncia do sedentarismo na popula??o idosa. Os question?rios s?o instrumentos pr?ticos e vi?veis para avalia??o dos n?veis de atividade f?sica. Entretanto, podem apresentar limita??es em faixas et?rias mais avan?adas. Os aceler?metros s?o sensores de movimento que fornecem dados mais objetivos da atividade f?sica e surgem como um padr?o confi?vel de mensura??o. Objetivo: determinar a validade do Question?rio Internacional de Atividade F?sica (IPAQ) adaptado para idosos atrav?s da acelerometria em idosas. M?todos: 57 mulheres idosas com idade m?dia de 66,05 ? 5,98 anos, que participavam de programas de cuidado ? hipertens?o arterial sist?mica e incentivo ? pr?tica de atividade f?sica foram avaliadas quanto ?s medidas objetivas e subjetivas da atividade f?sica. O aceler?metro foi utilizado por um per?odo de 07 dias consecutivos, 24 horas por dia e posteriormente foi aplicado o IPAQ. Os dados foram analisados utilizando medidas de tend?ncia central e dispers?o para caracteriza??o da amostra de acordo com as vari?veis coletadas. Para verificar a validade entre os dados foi utilizado o teste de Correla??o de Spearman, considerando um n?vel de signific?ncia de p<0,05. Resultados: Com rela??o ?s categorias de atividade f?sica obtidas pelo IPAQ, 46,4% desenvolveram atividade f?sica considerada moderada, seguidas de n?vel alto (30,3%) e 23,2% um n?vel baixo. Houve correla??o negativa apenas entre o tempo auto-reportado gasto sentado e o tempo gasto avaliado pela acelerometria em atividades leves (r = -0,408; p = 0,003) e o n?vel de atividade m?dia (counts/min) via acelerometria com os n?veis de atividade f?sica obtidos pelo IPAQ (r = 0,297; p = 0,036). Conclus?o: A partir dos resultados consideramos que o IPAQ utilizado em mulheres idosas apresenta n?veis de validade de moderado a baixo de acordo com as medidas de acelerometria. A avalia??o das atividades sedent?rias apresentou n?veis aceit?veis quando comparado ? acelerometria; no entanto, as atividades de n?veis moderadas (r = 0,096; p > 0,05) a vigorosas (r = - 0,098; p > 0,05) n?o foram correlacionadas o que demonstra a inabilidade da utiliza??o do IPAQ na avalia??o deste tipo de atividade em mulheres idosas

Submitted by PPG Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a (pediatria-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-08-30T19:16:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O Gabi Sabino 06FEV_.pdf: 1617758 bytes, checksum: 39ce4905f97356a47c068acdadc8690f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-08-31T13:28:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O Gabi Sabino 06FEV_.pdf: 1617758 bytes, checksum: 39ce4905f97356a47c068acdadc8690f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-31T13:41:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O Gabi Sabino 06FEV_.pdf: 1617758 bytes, checksum: 39ce4905f97356a47c068acdadc8690f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / INTRODUCTION: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease with chronic inheritance and systemic manifestations that compromises the normal function of several organs and systems, including the respiratory system. Thus, the progression of lung disease is still the factor of greater morbidity, leading to the reduction of exercise capacity. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the physical and muscular performance of individuals with cystic fibrosis. METHODS: This is an observational cross-sectional study performed at a cystic fibrosis center. The sample was selected by convenience, including patients with clinical diagnosis of CF (sweat test and/or genetic evaluation) of both genders and aged ? 6 years. Patients were referred to perform the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). In addition, demographic data (age and sex), anthropometric data (weight, height and BMI), pulmonary function (spirometry), genetic mutation and clinical information (pancreatic insufficiency and chronic colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were collected. At the end of the visit, the peripheral muscle strength test and the physical activity questionnaire were performed. Finally, the total number of days of antibiotic use (oral and intravenous) was recorded in the period of one year following CPET evaluation. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients with CF were evaluated. In general, pulmonary function data (% of predicted) were within the limits of normality, obtaining a mean of 83.1 for the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and 90.4 for the forced vital capacity (FVC). Only 15 and 10 subjects presented FEV1 and FVC scores below normal, respectively. Regarding CPET, the mean maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) (%) in the anaerobic threshold was 67.3, heart rate (bpm) was 154.3 and maximum ventilation (L/min) was 30.8. At peak exercise, we found a mean HRmax (% predicted maximum) of 90.2, a respiratory exchange coefficient of 1.1 and VO2max (% predicted) of 102.3, indicating the performance of a maximum test. Only 5 participants presented VO2max results below normal. No subjects had desaturation during and/or after the test. In the evaluation of the peripheral muscle strength (Kgf), we found an average around 20, for both biceps and quadriceps isometric strength. Regarding the physical activity questionnaire, we found habitual levels below recommended, obtaining a median of 30 and 102.5 minutes for moderate and vigorous activities, respectively. Of these, 10/24 were classified as inactive through this instrument. Although there were no correlations between FEV1 (p=0.063) and the use of antibiotic therapy with VO2max at peak exercise, there were weak and significant correlations of FVC with VO2max. Similarly, although there were no VO2max correlations at peak exercise with peripheral muscle strength data, we found moderate and significant correlations of VO2 at the anaerobic threshold with biceps and quadriceps isometric strength. No correlation was found between this variable and the strength of the hamstrings. Finally, subjects with a higher ventilatory reserve and lower resting heart rate did not require the use of antibiotics (ATB) one year after CPET. There was no significant differences FEV1 data were compared. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study demonstrated significant correlations of VO2 at the anaerobic threshold with peripheral muscle strength, showing that the higher the level of physical conditioning, the greater the results of peripheral muscle strength. It was also found that after one year of the proposed evaluations, those who had lower resting heart rate and greater ventilatory reserve in CPET did not require antibiotic therapy. / INTRODU??O: A fibrose c?stica (FC) ? uma doen?a gen?tica, de heran?a autoss?mica recessiva, com manifesta??es sist?micas que comprometem a fun??o normal de diversos ?rg?os e sistemas, dentre eles o respirat?rio. Assim, a progress?o da doen?a pulmonar ainda ? o fator de maior morbidade, levando ? redu??o da capacidade de exerc?cio. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o desempenho f?sico e muscular de indiv?duos com fibrose c?stica. METODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, do tipo transversal, realizado em um centro de fibrose c?stica. A amostra foi selecionada por conveni?ncia, incluindo pacientes com diagn?stico cl?nico de FC (teste do suor e/ou avalia??o gen?tica), de ambos os sexos e com idade ? 6 anos. Os pacientes foram encaminhados para realizar o teste de exerc?cio cardiopulmonar (TECP). Ainda, foram coletados os dados demogr?ficos (idade e sexo), antropom?tricos (peso, altura e IMC), de fun??o pulmonar (espirometria), gen?ticos (muta??o gen?tica) e as informa??es cl?nicas (insufici?ncia pancre?tica e coloniza??o cr?nica por Pseudomonas aeruginosa). No final da consulta, foram realizados o teste de for?a muscular perif?rica e o question?rio de atividade f?sica. Por fim, foi registrado o total de dias de uso de antibi?ticos (oral e endovenoso) no per?odo de um ano subsequente ? avalia??o do TECP. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 35 pacientes com diagn?stico de FC. De maneira geral, os dados de fun??o pulmonar (% do previsto) encontraram-se dentro dos limites da normalidade, obtendo-se uma m?dia de 83,1 de volume expirat?rio for?ado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) e de 90,4 de capacidade vital for?ada (CVF). Somente 15 e 10 sujeitos apresentaram resultados de VEF1 e CVF abaixo da normalidade, respectivamente. Quanto ao TECP, a m?dia do consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio (VO2m?x) (%) no limiar anaer?bio foi de 67,3, da frequ?ncia card?aca (bpm) de 154,3 e da ventila??o m?xima (L/min) de 30,8. No pico do exerc?cio, encontrou-se uma m?dia de 90,2 de FCm?x (% da m?xima prevista), de 1,1 para o coeficiente de troca respirat?ria e de 102,3 para o VO2m?x (% do previsto), indicando ser um teste de desempenho m?ximo. Apenas 5 participantes apresentaram resultados de VO2m?x abaixo da normalidade. Nenhum sujeito apresentou dessatura??o durante e/ou ap?s a realiza??o do teste. Na avalia??o da for?a muscular perif?rica (Kgf), encontrou-se uma m?dia em torno dos 20, tanto para a for?a isom?trica do b?ceps, quanto do quadr?ceps. J? quanto ao question?rio de atividade f?sica, foram encontrados n?veis habituais abaixo do recomendado, obtendo-se uma mediana de 30 e de 102,5 minutos para atividades moderadas e vigorosas, respectivamente. Destes, 10/24 foram classificados como inativos atrav?s desse instrumento. Embora n?o houve correla??es do VEF1 (p=0,063) e do uso de antibioticoterapia com o VO2m?x no pico do exerc?cio, encontrou-se correla??es fracas e significativas da CVF com o VO2m?x no TECP. Da mesma forma, apesar de n?o haver correla??es do VO2m?x no pico do exerc?cio com os dados de for?a muscular perif?rica, encontrou-se correla??es moderadas e significativas do VO2 no limiar anaer?bio com a for?a isom?trica do b?ceps e quadr?ceps. N?o foi encontrada correla??o dessa vari?vel com a for?a dos isquiotibiais. Por fim, os sujeitos com maior reserva ventilat?ria e menor frequ?ncia card?aca de repouso n?o necessitaram do uso de antibi?tico (ATB) um ano depois da realiza??o do TECP. N?o houve diferen?a significativa na compara??o dos dados quanto ao VEF1. CONCLUS?O: Os achados do estudo demonstraram correla??es significativas do VO2 no limiar anaer?bico com os dados de for?a muscular perif?rica, mostrando que quanto maior ? o n?vel de condicionamento f?sico, maior s?o os resultados de for?a muscular perif?rica. Constatou-se ainda que ap?s um ano das avalia??es propostas aqueles que possu?am frequ?ncia card?aca de repouso mais baixa e maior reserva ventilat?ria no TECP n?o necessitaram de antibioticoterapia.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosEATC_DISSERT.pdf: 535957 bytes, checksum: 4a4cb0797470f9dc7e83436d9bfc8330 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-16 / This study aimed to determine the influence of strength training (ST), in three weekly sessions over ten weeks, on cardiovascular parameters and anthropometric measurements. It is a before and after intervention trial, with a sample composed of 30 individuals. Participants were adults aged between 18 and 40 years, from both sexes and sedentary for at least three months previously. Tests were computed ergospirometry, CRP, PWV and body composition (dependent variables) before and after the experiment. Independent variables, age and sex, were considered in order to determine their influence on the dependent variablesevaluatedend. By comparing the initial cardiovascular parameters with those obtained after intervention in patients undergoing the ST proposed (a Student s t-test was conducted within each group for samples matched to parameters with normal distribution, while the Wilcoxin was applied for those without), there was no significant difference in PWV(p =0469) or PCR(p =0.247), but there was an increase in anaerobic threshold(AT) (p=0.004) and Maximal Oxygen Uptake(VO2max) (p =0.052). In regard to anthropometric measures, individuals significantly reduced their body fat percentage (p<0.001) and fat mass (p<0,001), as well as increasing lean mass (p<0.001). However, no changes were recorded in the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (p= 0.777), body mass (p=0.226) or body mass index (BMI) (p =0.212). Findings of this study lead us to believe that the proposed ST, and did not increase the VOP or PCR improves cardiorespiratory capacity and body composition. Devotees of this training can therefore safely enjoy all its benefits without risk to the cardiovascular system / O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a influ?ncia do TF, com frequ?ncia de tr?s sess?es semanais e dura??o de dez semanas, sobre par?metros cardiovasculares e antropom?tricos. Trata-se de um estudo de interven??o do tipo antes-depois, cuja amostra foi composta por 30 indiv?duos. Os mesmos eram adultos com idade compreendida entre 18 e 40 anos, de ambos os sexos e sedent?rios h? pelo menos tr?s meses. Foram realizados os testes da ergoespirometria computadorizada, PCR, VOP e composi??o corporal (vari?veis dependentes), antes e logo ap?s o experimento. As vari?veis independentes, idade e sexo, foram aferidas no sentido de verificar seus efeitos sobre as vari?veis dependentes avaliadas. Ao comparar os par?metros cardiovasculares iniciais com os obtidos ap?s a interven??o nos indiv?duos submetidos ao TF proposto(atrav?s dos testes t de Student para amostras emparelhadas para os par?metros que tiveram distribui??o normal e para os que n?o a possu?ram, o Wilcoxon), n?o houve diferen?a significativa nem na VOP (p =0.469) nem na PCR (p=0,247), por?m houve aumento no Limiar Anaer?bio (LA) (p=0,004) e no consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio (VO2m?x) (p=0,052). Em rela??o ?s medidas antropom?tricas, os indiv?duos diminu?ram significativamente o percentual de gordura (p<0,001) e a massa de gordura (p<0,001), aumentaram a massa livre de gordura (p<0,001), por?m n?o alteraram a rela??o cintura-quadril (RCQ) (p= 0,777), massa corporal (p=0,226) nem o ?ndice de massa corporal (IMC) (p =0,212). Os achados do presente estudo nos levam a crer que o TF proposto, al?m de n?o aumentar a VOP nem a PCR, melhora a capacidade cardiorrespirat?ria e a composi??o corporal. Portanto, os adeptos de tal treinamento podem usufruir, com seguran?a, de todos os seus benef?cios sem risco ao sistema cardiovascular