N/A / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2002. Graduate Programme in Fine Arts. / Typescript. Includes the author's compositions The millennium oratorio, Continuus line, and String quartet no. 1. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 90). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ71568.

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Birds have co-inhabited American cities since the colonial era, and as people have noticed and appreciated them, they have taken steps to make cities even more hospitable for them. This dissertation documents the history of birds in cities and efforts to create more bird-friendly urban areas. The examination starts with the commercial core of modern cities, moving outwards through the residential and industrial zones, taking note of parks and other urban oases as well as the transportation and communications networks that help shape and define American cities. Bird conservation activities in scattered cities across the country make each of these urban zones better for birds. The future of birds in American cities depends on how these zones are managed, and the ability of local governments, nonprofits, corporations, and bird enthusiasts working together to protect birds from hazards and provide additional habitat opportunities within the city. / text

<p>This study investigates how best to solve difficulties that may arise when translating bird literature from English into Swedish. The focus of the study lies on the translation of attributive adjectives and bird terminology. The text chosen for the translation, which serves as the basis for the analysis, is the section on general habits of the <em>Turdidae-family </em>in the comprehensive work <em>Handbook of the Birds of the World. </em>Translation theory that proved helpful in the translation process and in the subsequent analysis was primarily that of Vinay and Darbelnet (1995, 2004), Nida (1964a) and Newmark (1981). In most cases a literal translation could be perfonned, both in regard to attributive adjectives and bird tenninology, however, in some cases other translation procedures, such as transposition and equivalence, proved useful. Attributive adjectives that could not be translated literally, or that were preferred not to be translated literally, were translated through the use of transposition, into for instance: compound nouns, prepositional phrases, relative clauses and <em>that-clauses. </em>Bird terminology for which no suitable corresponding terminology could be found in the target language, was translated non-literally through the use of equivalence, into structures maintaining the equivalent semantic meaning in a natural way.</p>

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