After eleven years from the launch of his first novel, A tale of a certain Orient (1989), Milton Hatoum presents us the work The Brothers, the two brothers (2000). The author uses, in it, another time the manauara universe, as a romantic space; the Lebanese immigrant community; a narrator with social characteristics of exclusion. The aim of this work is to analyse the trajectory of the narrator Nael which, tormented by a non legitimate affiliation, and also the fact of being subordinate, through the narrative, he goes to the past in search of the origin of his paternity, discovering throughout the narrative, being a bearer of various origins, as well as Manaus , a port city, situated at the center of the forest, on the shore of Negro river. He realized that paternal identity was not important and reflecting on the space which he lives, will transform his own writing in a suitable space to give voice to the silenced voices by an efervescent city. Our approach will be on the social, cultural and historical questions which includes this challenge, and understanding them, we focus on themes as the consequences of the urbanization of the cities, the fragments of the individual, the process of cultural hybrid. The method for these analyses is based on the cultural hybrid theories from Nestor Canclini and studies on Identity, from Stuart Hall. For understanding the ficcional universe of Milton Hatoum, we will use literary theory and also reflections about critical studies on the author. / Onze anos após lançar o primeiro romance, Relato de um certo Oriente (1989), Milton Hatoum nos apresenta a obra Dois irmãos (2000). Nela, o autor utiliza novamente o universo manauara como espaço romanesco; o núcleo imigrante libanês; um narrador com marcas sociais de exclusão. Nosso trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a trajetória do narrador Nael que, atormentado pela bastardia e pela subalternidade, através da narração, empreende uma volta ao passado em busca da origem paterna, descobrindo ao longo da narrativa, ser portador de uma origem plural, assim como Manaus, cidade portuária, situada no coração da floresta e às margens do rio Negro. Percebendo ser a identidade paterna irrelevante e refletindo o espaço que habita, transformará a própria escrita em espaço propício para dá voz às vozes silenciadas pela efervescência da cidade. Abordaremos as questões sociais, culturais e históricas que envolvem essa empreitada e, procurando entendê-las, enfocaremos temas como as consequências da urbanização das cidades, a fragmentação do indivíduo, o processo de hibridação cultural. Metodologicamente, essas análises serão amparadas nas teorias de hibridação cultural de Nestor Canclini e nos estudos sobre identidade de Stuart Hall. Para compreendermos o universo ficcional de Milton Hatoum, faremos uso da teoria literária aliada às reflexões da fortuna critica do autor.

The focus of this qualitative study is the way siblings of children with autism experience their nuclear family. Five participants in their middle childhood (6 to 12 years), with a younger sibling with autism, participated in the study. Individual unstructured interviews were conducted with all participants to describe their experience of their family. The interviews were, with the consent of the parents and children, video-recorded and transcribed. Eight recurring themes were identified in the transcriptions and studied relative to the existing literature. True to the qualitative nature of this study, the aim was not to generalize the findings, but to give each of the participants the opportunity to tell his/her story. The result of this study is the detailed description of how siblings of children with autism experience their nuclear family. / Social Work / M.Diac.(Play Therapy)

Sibling relationships are dynamic within any family context and disabilities add a different and even more complex dimension to a family context. In addition, inclusion is a relatively new concept in South Africa, especially as an inclusive society. This means that it is challenging for a family that has children with disabilities to live and function in the greater society as children with disabilities have specialised needs and expectations. However, siblings of children with disabilities have their own needs and expectations as participating individuals within a family context and within society; therefore it is of relevance to be fully aware of their personal views, perceptions, understanding and challenges they are confronted with. The primary aim of this study was to gain a rich and in-depth understanding of how the disabilities of a child could impact on a non-disabled sibling. With the above mentioned taken into account, siblings of children with disabilities are faced with an array of unique challenges that may change as the siblings develop, therefore, this study focused on siblings who are in their middle childhood phase (six to twelve years old). Qualitative research methods were applied to gain an in-depth understanding of the children‘s experiences and views. The review of the literature provided the theoretical framework against which the qualitative research was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were constructed from the comprehensive literature review. Observations and documents were also used as research instruments to collect descriptive and supportive data. Interpretations were made from the data collected. The literature review exposed and recognised variances regarding sibling experiences about living with children with disabilities. Five information rich participants were interviewed. The findings of this empirical investigation revealed that not all the siblings identified the same experiences as shared experiences of being siblings to children with disabilities. Therefore, it is recommended that the challenges these siblings are faced with should be taken into account since it has been revealed that there seems to be a need to support these siblings and their families. The whole family is a nested system interacting with each other, within the family system and with other systems beyond the family system, including the wider community and society. Thus, siblings need regular, understandable and updated information as they grow up, regarding the challenges the families are faced with, pertaining to the disabilities experienced, within this nested system. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counseling)

A entrada da mulher no mercado de trabalho cada vez mais freqüente; o incremento de novas configurações familiares diferentes da família nuclear intacta; o fortalecimento das relações horizontais são alguns dos fenômenos sociais da contemporaneidade que chamam a atenção para uma forma duradoura de relacionar-se dentro do sistema familiar, que constitui a fratria. Por outro lado, um tema bastante atual, que mobiliza a atenção de vários segmentos sociais, é a adoção. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar as relações estabelecidas entre os componentes do subsistema fraterno, tenham elas sido constituídas de forma biológico adotiva ou exclusivamente por adoção. Participaram 16 pessoas, divididas entre pré-adolescentes, jovens e adultos, de ambos os sexos, com idade a partir dos dez anos, que responderam a uma entrevista semidirigida focada na chegada do irmão adotivo na família. A entrevista foi transcrita e teve seus conteúdos organizados por temas. No grupo de pré-adolescentes percebemos que as meninas demonstraram mais capacidade de acolhimento e propensão ao cuidado. As fratrias constituídas unicamente por adoção, em geral, apresentaram menos conflitos que as biológico-adotivas. Observamos também, nas duas formas de constituição de fratria, a presença de sentimentos de mútua responsabilidade e cuidado entre os irmãos, em que pese referências a momentos de ciúme, conflitos e competição. Esperamos que profissionais e organizações que lidam com a temática da adoção usufruam desta pesquisa, bem como profissionais que trabalham com crianças, adolescentes e famílias. Outrossim, esperamos que ela possa contribuir para a remissão de alguns mitos que cercam a adoção, apontando para uma maior sensibilização social de que esta é uma possibilidade de construção de vínculos familiares tão saudáveis quanto os biológicos / The entry of women into the market much more frequent; the development of new family configurations different from intact nuclear family; the strengthening of horizontal relationships are some of the contemporary social phenomena that focus on a lasting basis to relate to within of the family system, which is the fratrias. Furthermore, a very current issue, which attracts the attention of various social groups, is the adoption. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between the constituents in the fraternity, have they been established in biological or adoptive only by adoption. Sixteen people participated, divided between children, pre-adolescents and young adults of both sexes, aged from ten years, which responded to an interview focused on the arrival of the adoptive brother in the family. The interview was transcribed and their content was organized by themes. In the group of children and preadolescent we found that girls have most reception capacity and willingness to care. The fratrias consist solely of adoption had less conflicts then biological-adoptive. We also observed that in two ways to set up fratrias, the presence of feelings of mutual responsibility and care between brothers, in spite of references to moments of jealousy, conflict and competition. We hope that professionals and organizations which dealing with the issue of adoption could be benefited of this research data as well as professionals that work with children, adolescents and families. Also, we hope that it can contribute to the remission of some myths surrounding the adoption, pointing to a greater social awareness that it is a possibility of construction of family as healthy as the organic

Toy sharing and sibling interaction are major contexts for young children's developing social skills. This study examined the effects of parenting on sharing between siblings, and the effectiveness of a 5-session parenting programme in promoting sharing. Forty-eight mothers with two preschoolers participated. Each family was assessed before and after the parenting programme and at a 6-week follow-up. The mother completed measures of her parenting approach and reported on her children's behavior. The children were interviewed to obtain cognitive measures. Interactions of the mother and two children were observed in a laboratory playroom. Fathers and preschool teachers also reported on the children's behavior. Two parts of the study used data collected at the first assessment. First, multivariate analyses showed significant correlations between mother behaviors and those of the children, and between the two children. Second, the immediate effects of parenting on children's sharing were explored by manipulating the mother's activities. Children exhibited more appropriate sharing when the mother was free to interact with them than when she was busy with paperwork. The third part of the study examined the effects of two formats of a parent-training programme on sibling sharing. Families were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: individual programme, group programme, or waiting-list control. The programme provided parents with information about the development of sharing and sibling relationships and taught behavioral parenting techniques to use in promoting the development of child sharing skills. Positive effects of the sharing programme on siblings' sharing-related behavior were clearly demonstrated. These effects were seen to generalize across informants and across behaviors, but not across informants and behaviors combined. Treatment effects were maintained over a follow-up period. Although mothers demonstrated increased knowledge of the content covered by the programme and rated it highly, they did not demonstrate or report significant changes in their own parenting approach on the original measures. Mixed results were obtained concerning the two treatment formats. For observations of child behavior, only the individual format showed superiority over the control condition. The two formats did not differ in treatment effects found on most questionnaire measures. Mothers' reports of decreased behavior problems among younger children and a few tentative findings from child interview measures suggested superiority of the group format. Overall, this study demonstrated both strong relationships between the sharing-related behavior of children, and correlational and causal relationships between mother behavior and sibling sharing. A parent-training intervention was demonstrated to have positive effects on children's sharing behaviors, and these effects generalized over situations, behaviors and time. / Arts, Faculty of / Psychology, Department of / Graduate

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_ berthane.pdf: 1028897 bytes, checksum: 6aad73f193beeaa1b259f619981d7180 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-01 / The entry of women into the market much more frequent; the development of new family configurations different from intact nuclear family; the strengthening of horizontal relationships are some of the contemporary social phenomena that focus on a lasting basis to relate to within of the family system, which is the fratrias. Furthermore, a very current issue, which attracts the attention of various social groups, is the adoption. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between the constituents in the fraternity, have they been established in biological or adoptive only by adoption. Sixteen people participated, divided between children, pre-adolescents and young adults of both sexes, aged from ten years, which responded to an interview focused on the arrival of the adoptive brother in the family. The interview was transcribed and their content was organized by themes. In the group of children and preadolescent we found that girls have most reception capacity and willingness to care. The fratrias consist solely of adoption had less conflicts then biological-adoptive. We also observed that in two ways to set up fratrias, the presence of feelings of mutual responsibility and care between brothers, in spite of references to moments of jealousy, conflict and competition. We hope that professionals and organizations which dealing with the issue of adoption could be benefited of this research data as well as professionals that work with children, adolescents and families. Also, we hope that it can contribute to the remission of some myths surrounding the adoption, pointing to a greater social awareness that it is a possibility of construction of family as healthy as the organic / A entrada da mulher no mercado de trabalho cada vez mais freqüente; o incremento de novas configurações familiares diferentes da família nuclear intacta; o fortalecimento das relações horizontais são alguns dos fenômenos sociais da contemporaneidade que chamam a atenção para uma forma duradoura de relacionar-se dentro do sistema familiar, que constitui a fratria. Por outro lado, um tema bastante atual, que mobiliza a atenção de vários segmentos sociais, é a adoção. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar as relações estabelecidas entre os componentes do subsistema fraterno, tenham elas sido constituídas de forma biológico adotiva ou exclusivamente por adoção. Participaram 16 pessoas, divididas entre pré-adolescentes, jovens e adultos, de ambos os sexos, com idade a partir dos dez anos, que responderam a uma entrevista semidirigida focada na chegada do irmão adotivo na família. A entrevista foi transcrita e teve seus conteúdos organizados por temas. No grupo de pré-adolescentes percebemos que as meninas demonstraram mais capacidade de acolhimento e propensão ao cuidado. As fratrias constituídas unicamente por adoção, em geral, apresentaram menos conflitos que as biológico-adotivas. Observamos também, nas duas formas de constituição de fratria, a presença de sentimentos de mútua responsabilidade e cuidado entre os irmãos, em que pese referências a momentos de ciúme, conflitos e competição. Esperamos que profissionais e organizações que lidam com a temática da adoção usufruam desta pesquisa, bem como profissionais que trabalham com crianças, adolescentes e famílias. Outrossim, esperamos que ela possa contribuir para a remissão de alguns mitos que cercam a adoção, apontando para uma maior sensibilização social de que esta é uma possibilidade de construção de vínculos familiares tão saudáveis quanto os biológicos

"The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of parenting style and having vs. not having siblings on social skill development."

The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the reasons why some siblings are placed together and why other siblings are separated within the foster care system.

The lives of family members of a child with a developmental disability are typically influenced by acute as well as chronic stressful events. These families are compared to families of typically developing children. In order for a family with a child with a developmental disability to function as effectively as possible, it may be necessary to renegotiate and reassign traditional family roles of parent, spouse, brother and sister.

This essay seeks to explore the relation between Crimson Bound and the fairy tale from which it derives from. Today, it is common to use fairy tales as a base for new literature, movies and tv-series and therefore it is interesting to study these new additions to our media. By applying Vladimir Propps extensive study of fairy tales to Rosamund Hodges Crimson Bound and the Brothers Grimms Little Red Cap I hope to come to an understanding of the differences and similarities that these two holds. Through this analysis I conclude that Hodges utilizes the functions that Propp states are specific to the fairy tale genre. I also conclude that, although Hodges closely follow the initial structure of Little Red Cap, she deviates from the fairy tale towards the ending. Besides the interesting similarities and the effect of the differences, the roles of the protagonist and the antagonist stands out. Therefore, a portion of this essay delves deeper into how the adaption to the fantasy genre affect these roles as well as how the relationship between then protagonist and antagonist alters due to this.