Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a critical public health issue and affects a significant number of people physically, emotionally, and financially. There is evidence that pain may affect one’s perception of time, but more work is needed to understand how different types of pain (acute, chronic) impact temporal perception. This study aimed to examine how acute experimental pain and CLBP, together and separately, impact the perception of time. A sample of 77 participants, 10 with CLBP and 67 healthy pain-free controls, completed two temporal perception tasks (Bisection and Threshold) twice, once with induced acute pressure pain and once without pain. The effects of acute pain and CLBP on temporal perception were examined using repeated measures ANOVAs. Results showed that the presence of either acute or chronic pain was related to overestimating time during shorter stimuli presentations and underestimating time during longer stimuli presentations. Further, subjects with chronic pain generally required a longer time difference to accurately distinguish between stimuli of differing lengths. This study demonstrates that both acute and chronic pain affect temporal perception, though the combination of acute and chronic pain does not confer additive adverse effects. The results of this study broaden our understanding of the impact of different types of pain on a person’s perception of time. / 2025-02-03T00:00:00Z

Yes / /Aims: This research explored the reasons why patients with low back pain chose not to return to physiotherapy following an assessment. Methods: Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted using five participants with low back pain. Data were analysed to produce codes, categories and themes. Findings: Data analysis produced expectations, communication and satisfaction as key themes. Findings suggest that expectations may and may not be linked to previous physiotherapy experience, with no clear link between expectations and satisfaction. Communication including sufficient time, listening skills, empathy, and caring qualities were highly regarded. Satisfaction levels were rated highly, despite not returning to physiotherapy. Participants reported pain resolution and personal choice as reasons for not returning. Conclusions: Findings support previous research suggesting expectations are multifaceted and individualised and not always linked to previous experience. Findings suggest the physiotherapist's excellent communication skills ensured an overall positive patient experience, maintaining high satisfaction levels.

The neuromuscular response to prolonged lumbar flexion has recently been extensively studied in felines but has not been examined in humans. Animal studies suggest that prolonged lumbar flexion disturbs neuromuscular control of paraspinal muscles. This disturbance was linked to creep deformation of passive spinal tissues. Past research indicates that disturbance of paraspinal reflexes may limit spinal stability. The current study aimed to examine this behavior in humans. We hypothesized that prolonged lumbar flexion will disturb paraspinal reflex behavior in human subjects. Reflex behavior was quantified following a fifteen minute period of static flexion. There was a trend suggesting an increase in reflex magnitude after flexion (p = 0.055). This trend was only significant in female subjects (p < 0.003). Increased reflex following flexion was associated with a transient period of EMG hyperexcitability similar to felines. A second study was performed to quantify reflex behavior and creep deformation during flexion and recovery. Results indicated that creep occurred during prolonged flexion (p < 0.001). Reflexes were inhibited following flexion (p < 0.03). Both creep deformation and paraspinal reflex (p > 0.05) failed to exhibit significant recovery during the length of the test. Inhibited paraspinal reflexes may contribute to spinal instability and risk of low back pain for workers using flexed postures, due to the inability of the neuromuscular system to coordinate an appropriate muscle response following an unexpected loading event. Future studies must examine appropriate work/rest intervals for workers using flexed postures to limit reflex disturbance from prolonged ligament strain. / Master of Science

Low back pain (LBP) is associated with altered neuromuscular control of the trunk, as well as impaired performance during functional tasks highly dependent upon trunk neuromuscular control. Comparing measurements between individuals with and without LBP does not distinguish whether the LBP individual exhibits altered neuromuscular control only while experiencing LBP versus at all times. Additional insight was gained on the relationship between trunk neuromuscular control and LBP by investigating individuals who experience recurrent exercise-induced LBP (eiLBP). To differentiate the effects of LBP from individual differences, comparisons were made between episodes of pain and no pain within eiLBP individuals, and between eiLBP individuals while pain free and a group of healthy controls. Three studies were completed based on repeated measurements from both eiLBP and healthy individuals. Study 1 investigated effects of eiLBP on fundamental measures of neuromuscular control, including intrinsic trunk stiffness and the paraspinal reflex delay using a series of pseudo-random position perturbations. eiLBP individuals exhibited increased stiffness compared to healthy controls unaffected by the presence of pain, and increased reflex delays concurrent only with pain. Study 2 investigated effects of eiLBP on seated sway during a functional task involving maintaining balance. Seat and trunk kinematics were obtained while participants balanced on a wobble chair at two difficulty levels. eiLBP individuals exhibited impaired seat measures at all times, with altered trunk measures only while in pain and when the task was not challenging. Study 3 investigated effects of eiLBP on the underlying control of seated sway using a model of wobble chair balance. Quantified neuromuscular control indicated increases in proportional and noise gains for a challenging level compared to an easy level, more so for eiLBP individuals compared to controls and while experiencing pain compared to pain free. Overall, fundamental measures, seated sway measures, and identified control parameters using a model of wobble chair balance were all affected by the presence of pain within the eiLBP individuals and/or the eiLBP individuals compared to healthy controls. Therefore, this study shows that some characteristics appear to be inherent to the LBP individual, while others are only concurrent with pain. / Ph. D.

Bakalauro darbe analizuojamos 14 – 18 metų moksleivių nugaros skausmų priežastys. Iškelta hipotezė: tikėtina, kad nugaros skausmų priežastys gali būti: 1) mažai judrus gyvenimo būdas (pamokos mokykloje, darbas kompiuteriu, ilgas televizoriaus žiūrėjimas, ilgalaikis buvimas vienoje padėtyje), 2) ilgalaikės netaisyklingos padėtys (netaisyklingas sėdėjimas, stovėjimas, svorių kėlimas, perkėlimas, nešimas), 3) dažnai atliekami nesaugūs pratimai. Tyrime buvo panaudota pusiau uždaro tipo anketa. Ją sudarė: demografinis blokas (duomenys apie tyriamuosius) – lytis, amžius, mokykla, klasė; 2) klausimų blokas, skirtas išsiaiškinti ar tiriamieji skundžiasi nugaros skausmais, 3) klausimų blokas, atskleisti nugaros skausmų pasireiškimo priežastis. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti 14 – 18 metų moksleivių nugaros skausmų priežastis. Tyrime dalyvavo 114 IX – XII klasių moksleiviai (nuo 14 iki 18 metų amžiaus), iš dviejų Radviliškio miesto gimnazijų. Atlikus tyrimą paaiškėjo, kad 54% 14 – 18 metų moksleivių skundžiasi nugaros skausmais. Tyrimo hipotezė pasitvirtino, kad nugaros skausmus šiame amžiuje gali sukelti: 1) Nepakankamas mokinių fizinis aktyvumas (69% mokinių renkasi pasyvias laisvalaikio praleidimo formas ir prie kompiuterio praleidžia daugiau nei 2 h per dieną). 2) Netaisyklingos padėtys sėdint bei keliant, perkeliant ir nešant daiktus (tik trečdalis moksleivių pasirinko taisyklingas padėtis). 3) Populiarūs diskutuotini (nesaugūs) pratimai (tik trečdalis moksleivių jų visiškai neatlieka)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This bachelor theses analyses the causes of the back pain of the secondary school students of the age 14 to 18. The hypotheses: it is likely that the causes of the back pain might be: 1) sedentary lifestyle (lessons at school, working on the computer, TV viewing, permanent staying in one position), 2) permanent wrong posture (wrong sitting, standing, weight lifting, movement, bearing), 3) frequent unsafe exercises. The semi-open questionaires were used during the research. The questionaires consisted of: demographic block (exploratory data) – sex, age, school, class; 2) questions block designed in order to explore whether persons under investigation have any complains about the back pain, 3) questions block designed in order to explore the causes of the back pain. The aim of the research is to determine the causes of the back pain of the students of age 14 to 18. 114 students (aged 14 to 18) from the 9-12 classes of the two Radviliškis city gymnasiums participated in the research. The study has shown that 54 per cent of all students aged 14 to 18 has ailments about the back pain. The hypothesis of the research was approved that the back pain of this age may be influenced by: 1) Low levels of physical activity (69 per cent of students prefer passive leisure activites and spends more than two hours using the computer). 2) Wrong positions while sitting, lifting, moving and bearing things (only one-third of the students selected appropriate position). 3) Popular negotiable... [to full text]

Yip Yin Bing. / "July 1999." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-177). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Yip Yin Bing.

A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was used to gather data with a self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 226 nurses. The study population included all registered nurses of Kabgayi District Hospital and Nyanza District Hospitals and their respective health centers. To be included, the nurses had to have suffered from WRLBP during the previous 6 months before data collection. The Nordic Back Pain Questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index and an open-ended questionnaire regarding perceived risk factors have been used. Descriptive statistics to summarize data and inferential statistics such as chi- square test to test the relationship between different variables of the study have been studied at 5% levels. Correlation coefficients in terms of cross-tabulation were also studied at 1% level of significance.

Nugaros skausmais skundžiasi 75% pasaulio gyventojų. Ši problema tampa vis aktualesnė išsivysčiusiose šalyse, kuriose vyrauja sėdimas darbas. Sveikatos apsaugos ministerijos atliktais tyrimais, matome, kad vis daugiau jaunų žmonių skundžiasi jungiamojo audinio ir skeleto-raumenų sistemos ligomis, tačiau nėra aiškios patiriamo nugaros skausmo priežastys, nes jų yra labai daug: jos gali būti skirstomos į šešias grupes (stuburo patologija, pilvo organų ir onkologinės ligos, infekcijos, raumenų patempimai ir psichologinės priežastys) ir rizikos veiksnius, skatinančius stiprėti nugaros skausmus (viršsvoris, bloga laikysena, sėdimas ar sunkus fizinis darbas, stuburo traumos ir iškrypimai). Šio bakalauro darbo tyrimo objektas – studentų nugaros skausmo priežastys. Tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti studentų nugaros skausmų priežastis. Buvo kelti šie uždaviniai: atskleisti nugaros skausmų teorinius aspektus; nustatyti studentų nugaros skausmo paplitimo tendencijas; išsiaiškinti dažniausias studentų patiriamo nugaros skausmo priežastis. Tyrimo metu naudoti metodai, kurių pagalba gauta ir apdorota informacija: mokslinės literatūros analizė; anketinė apklausa; matematinė – statistinė tyrimo duomenų analizė. Tyrimo dalyviai - Šiaulių Universiteto 1 – 4 kurso studentai. Tyrimo imtis – 100 respondentų. Anketine apklausa buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti studentų nugaros skausmų priežastis ir paplitimą. Tyrimo metu gauti duomenys parodė, kad studentai yra jautę nugaros skausmus įvairiu dažnumu: nuo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / About 75% of the world population suffer of the back pain. This problem becomes more acute in developed countries with predominantly sedentary work. We see from the studies of the Ministry of Health that more and more young people complain of connective tissue and skeletal-muscle disorder, but there is no clear cause of back pain experienced because they are very much: they can be divided into six groups (spinal pathology, abdominal and oncological diseases, infections, muscle tearing apart and psychological reasons) and the risk factors that contribute to strengthen the back pain (overweight, poor posture, sedentary or heavy physical work, spinal trauma and deformity). The subject of this study - students back pain causes. The aim of the research is to identify causes of the students back pain. The next tasks have been realized in the work: to reveal the theoretical aspects of back pain; to ascertain the spread tendencies of the students back pain back pain; to ascertain the most common causes of the students back pain. The methods of the research have been used: theoretical (analysis of the academic literature), empirical (the quantitative analysis), statistical. The participants of the study – students of the 1-4 year of the Siauliai University. 100 respondents were involved in the research. The survey showed that students felt the back pain at various intervals ranging from several times during his life standing up to the pain. The intensity varies from mild to... [to full text]

A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was used to gather data with a self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 226 nurses. The study population included all registered nurses of Kabgayi District Hospital and Nyanza District Hospitals and their respective health centers. To be included, the nurses had to have suffered from WRLBP during the previous 6 months before data collection. The Nordic Back Pain Questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index and an open-ended questionnaire regarding perceived risk factors have been used. Descriptive statistics to summarize data and inferential statistics such as chi- square test to test the relationship between different variables of the study have been studied at 5% levels. Correlation coefficients in terms of cross-tabulation were also studied at 1% level of significance.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.