The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of giving students specific assessment criteria in the first part of a badminton unit on the response rates of students with various skill levels. This study also investigated whether setting and stating specific assessment criteria in the beginning of an activity unit increased student achievement and learning throughout the course of instruction. Participants of this study consisted of a purposeful sample of 12 female physical education students from an Indiana high school participating in a badminton unit. Data was collected during a 10-day badminton unit on two more-skilled, two average-skilled, and two less-skilled students in each of two classes. One of these classes received specific assessment criteria in the first part of the badminton unit, while the other class received the specific assessment criteria at the end of the same badminton unit. The participants' response rates for each forehand, backhand, overhand, and serve badminton hit attempted were coded as correct successful, incorrect successful, correct unsuccessful, or incorrect unsuccessful. Participant data was graphed, including a 3-day baseline, and compared between the control group and experimental group.Research findings revealed that participants in the experimental group, who received specific assessment criteria in the first part of the badminton unit, had a higher quality of response rates throughout the unit than participants of similar skill level in the control group, who did not receive the specific assessment criteria unit the end of the same unit. The results of this study suggest that student response rates increase throughout a unit when specific assessment criteria is given at the beginning of the unit for students of more-, average-, and less-skill levels. This study concludes that physical educators may increase student achievement and learning throughout an instructional unit by setting and stating specific assessment criteria at the beginning of an instructional unit. Increased student response rates mean greater time spent on task and improved skill development. / School of Physical Education

Using feminist perspectives, the treatment of women's participation in leisure sport within leisure studies and the sociology of sport, is explored. The review traces the progress made, in moving enquiry away from questions of distribution, towards questions of relations between women and men and how these are reproduced and enacted in leisure and sports experiences. Epistemological and methodological issues f acing feminist researchers in leisure studies and the sociology of sport are outlined. The research explored the dynamics between women's uses and control of time, their framing and definition of leisure sport in their own lives, past and present. A cumulative approach, using several research methods, was developed. Forty women, twenty badminton and twenty hockey players, were research partners. Interactions with each included: use of interview pro formas for personal profiles, participation parameters and weekly time profiles; personal life histories; and questions designed to link, check and provide perspective. The methods were effective for exploring changes in meanings of leisure and sport activities over time. The main findings included the centrality of "others" in women's uses of time and sport experiences, and recurrent themes of autonomy and control, recovery, personal fulfilmont, tensions between commitments and constraints, and sport as "cultural capital". The findings are related to issues of public policy and provision in leisure and sport.

Full-body three-dimensional kinematic characteristics were determined for the badminton jump smash and the tennis serve in order to investigate contributions to pace and variability. Kinematic (400 Hz) data were collected for a group of badminton and tennis players, using an 18 camera Vicon Motion Analysis System. Each participant performed 24 jump smashes or tennis serves. The best trials - maximal velocity with minimal marker loss - were analysed for each participant using a 18 segment rigid body model customised for each participant using subject-specific segmental properties. Parameters were calculated describing elements of the badminton jump smash and tennis serve technique as well as variability. The effect of these technique parameters on: speed were addressed using stepwise linear regression and on variability using one-way ANOVA. The results suggest that the fastest badminton players had a smaller elbow extension angle at the end of retraction, a larger wrist extension angle at shuttle contact, and a larger time between preparation and shuttle contact; that accounted for 84% of variation in shuttle speed. The results also showed that variability in the badminton smash was caused by differences in body placement, shuttle location on the racket at impact and movement timings. In the tennis serve, linear regressions showed that there were no variables significant to speed when players hit to the right and left centre court lines. When players hit in the advantage court trunk rotation at the racket lowest point key instant could explain 35.2% of the variation in speed, and when hitting towards the deuce court timing from the end of retraction to ball contact explained 33.6% of ball speed. The results show that there are differences in technique between the badminton jump smash and the tennis serves especially in the first half of the sporting actions.

The main aim is to analyze and describe the situation of the demand for badminton in Czech Republic and to verify if this demand is increasing or decreasing. Furthermore to think about which instruments would help to develop the demand for badminton. Some perspective for the future is the development of marketing activities. The opportunities for sports marketing I will try to present at a practical example of the SPORT INVEST Marketing company stands for the currently best Czech badminton player.

This study tested the hypothesis that grip and wrist strength affect performance on wall volley tests that were designed to test ability in tennis, badminton, and volleyball.

The study was designed to determine the relationship between the psychological constructs of "fear of failure (FOF)" and "fear of success (FOS)" and motor performance in badminton. Forty-three males and fifty-one females in beginning badminton classes were administered the FOF and FOS scales, followed by three independent skills tests and a round-robin singles tournament. Conclusions were that FOF and FOS are two separate performance motives; FOF appears to be the dominant motive for females; both FOF and FOS are related to motor performance in face-to-face competition, while only FOS is related to performance in isolated skills.

Recent literature reveals that sex differences in performance actually might be reflections of sex differences in perceptions about the sex-appropriateness and the masculinity and femininity of certain activities. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effects of perceived sex-appropriateness of a task upon performance of selected sport skills.

Abstract Aim. The aim of the study was to identify what abilities that elite players in badminton develop through playing. The purpose of doing this, was to get an insight into the most skillful player’s specific abilities. To investigate what you ”can do when you can do” is of great importance for teaching sports. Hopefully this study can contribute to developing methods for teaching net-, and wall games and in the larger perspective also other categories of sports. The research question is therefore: What does it mean to master badminton? Method. Four elite players in badminton, divided into two pairs, played a singles game against each other, over three sets. The match was video-recorded. The participants watched the recorded material and subsequently a semi-structured interview was carried out. At the interview both of the players, as well as the researcher participated. Data has been processed using a step-by-step method described by Tenenbaum & Driscoll (2005). Results. A total of seven categories of abilities were identified: - Abilty to assess the ball trajectory and impact point. - Ability to very quickly reevaluate your decision, during ongoing play. - Ability to assess risk versus opportunity during play, by assessing your own and the opponent’s abilities. - Ability to adjust movements with the purpose of changing one’s tactics. - Ability to perform actions that can give you a mental advantage. - Ability to evaluate and reevaluate one and several strokes ahead. - Ability to assess probabilities and responding by making desicions on the court. Conclusion. A clear emphasis, with the elite players, lies on tactic understanding based on experience ot the game. It gives us an indication that focus in training should lie on a game based approach that trains the complex abilities needed to play the game. Therefore one should be doing less of repetitive training and focus more on exercises based on the game’s tactical idea, so called idea based training and devote themselves a lot to playing the game in modified exercises, adapted to the participant’s level. Development happens in interplay continually with your opponent. / Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar. Målet med studien var att identifiera vad det är för förmågor som Elitspelare i badminton besitter. Syftet med att göra detta, var att få en insikt i de duktigaste spelarnas specifika förmågor. Att utröna vad man ”kan när man kan” är av stor vikt för att utveckla metoder för undervisning i idrottslära. Förhoppningen är att denna studie skall bidra till att vidareutveckla metoder för undervisning i nätspel och i ett större perspektiv även andra kategorier av idrotter. Frågeställningen är därför: Vad kan en spelare som behärskar badminton? Metod. Fyra elitseriespelare i badminton, indelade i två par, har spelat en singelmatch mot varandra över tre set. Deltagarna har därefter fått se det filmade materialet och en semi-strukturerad intervju har genomförts. Vid intervjun var båda spelarna, samt intervjuforskaren deltagande. Data har bearbetats enligt stegvis metod beskriven av Tenenbaum & Driscoll (Tenenbaum & Driscoll 2005). Resultat. Totalt delförmågor identifierades: - Förmåga att bedöma bollens bana och nedslagsplats. - Förmåga att mycket snabbt omvärdera sitt beslut under pågående spel. - Förmåga till bedömning av risk kontra möjlighet under pågående spel, utifrån en bedömning av sina och motståndarens egenskaper. - Förmåga att anpassa sina rörelser med syfte att förändra sin taktik. - Förmåga att utföra handlingar som ger ett mentalt övertag. - Förmåga att värdera och omvärdera ett och flera slag framåt. - Förmåga till sannolikhetsbedömning och att omsätta denna i beslut på banan. Slutsats. Tydlig tonvikt, hos elitspelarna, ligger på taktisk förståelse baserad på erfarenhet av spelet. Det ger oss en indikation på att fokus i träningen bör ligga på spelliknande övningar som tränar de komplexa förmågor som krävs i spelet. Detta pekar mot att man bör minska på mängden repetitiv träning och fokusera mer på övningar som baseras på spelets taktiska idé, s.k. idébaserad träning och ägna sig mycket åt att spela spelet i modifierade övningar, anpassade efter utövarnas nivå. Utvecklingen sker i ständig växelverkan med din motståndare.

En idrottsförenings ekonomi är idag avgörande för hur den sportsliga verksamheten kan bedrivas. Många föreningar måste jobba hårt för att få verksamheten att gå runt. Ett sätt att arbeta på för att få in pengar är att locka företag att sponsra verksamheten. Denna studie ställer upp en hypotes för Uppsalaidrotten om ett linjärt samband mellan föreningarnas synlighet hos publik och i media gentemot deras sponsringsintäkter. Studien undersöker sedan om denna hypotes stämmer genom att studera tre idrottsföreningar valda utefter deras synlighet i media och hos publik samt tre företag som sponsrar Uppsalaidrotten. Den insamlade informationen har analyserats med hjälp av en analysmodell baserat på teorier om sponsring. Detta har gett studien en möjlighet att identifiera sponsringens typ och anledningar till sponsringen samt idrottsföreningars arbetssätt. Studien visar att hypotesen stämmer till viss del; föreningarnas synlighet hos publik och i media är den viktigaste faktorn men inte den enda som påverkar. Idrottsföreningarnas företagsnätverk är också en betydande faktor vilket blir tydligt om man ser till föreningarnas satsningar på företagsnätverken.

Thèse de doctorat : Sciences et techniques des activités physiques et sportives : Rennes 2 : 2006. / Bibliogr. f. 374-396. Annexes.