The International Monetary Fund points out that four kinds of financial crisis in the world financial markets currency crisis, external debt crisis, bank crisis and systematic crisis . Taiwan could be happened in bank crisis and could have potentially impaired the economies of Taiwan. That was reason why Government protected banking industry avoiding collapse and bankruptcy. This paper details why Private Equity Fund M&A Taiwan domestic bank and the effects on financial markets. Since 2006 Carlyle Group one of a global private equity investment firm takeover bid for Advanced Semiconductor Engineering Inc (¤é¤ë¥ú¥b¾ÉÅé)--the world's top chip packager for US$5.45 billion- Private Equity Firm had known for Taiwan financial markets. The Government refused the plan due to that takeover bid may weakening the local capital market and leading to an outflow of investment into China. Foreign investment in Taiwan's banking industry is not new, but the acquisition of domestic banks has only become available to Private Equity Fund recently. The domestic banking industry has become a lucrative target for foreign investors not only of the Government has a policy of limiting the quantity of banking branches but also lower P/B in Asia region. Since 1997s, a striking feature in the development of Taiwan banking industry structure is the significant decline in the performance of banks while the steadily increase in the number of bank branches and caused by overbanking in Taiwan. As Taiwan slowly opens its banking industry after second round banking reformation in 2001, global M&A trends also had impacts on Taiwan, foreign financial institutions are increasingly looking to make strategic and financial investments. This paper gives a brief description of the development in the past 10 years, analyzes the driving forces on the merger of financial institutions From this research, we could come to the conclusions as follows: 1. A financial investment in domestic banks is a win-win for the various parties Private equity fund M&A of domestic commercial banks not only a very good source of capital in Taiwan, but also, through the competition of foreign banks, stimulates domestic financial institutions to upgrade operational skills and management, and improve operational efficiency and competitiveness, thus contributing to the upgrading of the financial system. 2. This paper using threshold regression model to find an adequate branch numbers of Commercial Banks industry in Taiwan. We found significant evidence good for the shareholders equity only when the branch numbers are larger than 88. 3. On the view of bank branch, the next target acquired company is Far Eastern International Bank(35 branches) ,Jih Sun Bank(36 branches) , King¡¥s Town Bank(62 branches) ,Taichung Commercial Bank(78 branches).ABN AMRO Bank(Taiwan)M&A Taitung Business Bank, the branches from 5 to 37, not to meet the bank's need for scale economics in Taiwan markets and should be M&A again 4. Private Equity Fund aims to pursue long term total return primarily through investment in equities and equity-related securities but had unique niche in resolving banking risk and corporate governance. also capitalized on the recovery of financial markets after the financial crisis in Taiwan banking indusdry According to experience of Private-Equity Firm to merge to banking industry in Korea Private Equity Fund exit their investments at last within 5-7 years after turned the bank successfully around 5. It's difference type of entering the Taiwan market through the acquisitions of banks, one is strategic investment (e.g.,Citigroup and Standard Chartered) and financial players (e.g., Newbridge Capital, The Carlyle Group).Strategic investment made a goal to construct a plateform to link Taiwan and China

Ο κύριος σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει τη μέθοδο του benchmarking και τα περιθώρια εφαρμογής της στον οικονομικό προγραμματισμό πιστωτικών ιδρυμάτων. Η τεχνική που χρησιμοποιούμε για την εφαρμογή της μεθόδου του benchmarking είναι η ανάλυση αριθμοδεικτών. Στην αρχή πραγματοποιούμε μια σύγκριση ανάμεσα στις τιμές συγκεκριμένων αριθμοδεικτών της Εθνικής Τράπεζας της Ελλάδος με τη μέση τιμή των δεικτών αυτών στον τραπεζικό κλάδο. Έπειτα, πραγματοποιούμε μια εφαρμογή του benchmarking ανάμεσα σε υποκαταστήματα της Εθνικής Τράπεζας. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτών των συγκρίσεων μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν στη σύνταξη των προϋπολογισμών επόμενων περιόδων. / The major aim of this study is to present benchmarking, as it is used during the process of financial planning of banking institutions. The technique, which we use to apply the method of benchmarking, is accounting ratio analysis. At first we make a comparison between the price of certain ratios of National Bank of Greece and the average price for the whole banking sector in Greece. Then we present benchmarking between bank branches of the same bank. The output of these comparisons can be used in the financial planning and the budgets of forthcoming periods.

Banks occasionally employ frontier efficiency analyses to objectively identify best practices within their organizations. Amongst the frontier efficiency analyses identified in the literature, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was found to be one of the leading approaches. DEA has been successfully applied in many bank branch performance evaluations using traditional intermediation, profitability and production approaches. However, there has been little focus on assessing the growth potential of individual branches. This research presents six models that examine four perspectives of branch growth. Each model was applied to the branch network of one of Canada’s top five banks to gauge the growth potential of individual branches and to provide tailored improvement recommendations. Using various analysis methodologies, the results of each model were examined and their functionality assessed. Based on these findings, three models were deemed to produce significant results, while the remaining three failed to attain viable results.

Banks occasionally employ frontier efficiency analyses to objectively identify best practices within their organizations. Amongst the frontier efficiency analyses identified in the literature, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was found to be one of the leading approaches. DEA has been successfully applied in many bank branch performance evaluations using traditional intermediation, profitability and production approaches. However, there has been little focus on assessing the growth potential of individual branches. This research presents six models that examine four perspectives of branch growth. Each model was applied to the branch network of one of Canada’s top five banks to gauge the growth potential of individual branches and to provide tailored improvement recommendations. Using various analysis methodologies, the results of each model were examined and their functionality assessed. Based on these findings, three models were deemed to produce significant results, while the remaining three failed to attain viable results.

Yes / Bank branching plays a significant role in a wide range of economic activities. Existing studies on determinants of bank branching activities largely focus on developed countries, studies devoted to developing countries are scant. We present the first study that examines the determinants of bank branching activities in one of the largest developing country India. We employ a unique longitudinal data to study the determinants of bank branch location in India. This data is collected at the state level covering 25 Indian states for the period 2006 to 2017. We employ Poisson regression that are better suited for modelling counted dependent variable. First, region and bank specific factors such as size of population and bank deposits influence location of bank branches. Second, the relationship between these factors and branch locations is heterogeneous across different types of banks and across states with different business environments. First, from the view of banks, considering the factors of branch location are crucial in order to set out branching strategy. Irrespective of policy measures aimed at promoting financial inclusion in India, we show that banks consider economic activities in the region in locating their branches. Second, from the view of policy makers and regulators, such branching strategy could potentially contribute to financial exclusion. As a result, population in the less developed regions may be excluded from accessing financial services. Hence, policy makers and regulators should take into this account when formulating policies aimed at promoting financial inclusion. First, while existing studies largely focus on developed countries, studies devoted to developing countries are scant. To the best of our knowledge, we have not come across any study that investigates the determinants of bank branch location in India, so we reasonably believe that ours is a first-of-its-kind. Second, our study provides a new perspective concerning how regional and bank specific factors influence banks of different ownership in locating branches. Third, while traditional regression used to be a method of choice among early studies, we employ Poisson regression that are better suited for modelling counted dependent variable.

Credit is seen in Economic Literature as one of development drivers, promoting investment, smoothing consumption, allowing for risk sharing and the use of new production technologies. Our objective is to analyze if the physical presence of banks through bank branches is still relevant to develop local credit markets in Brazil. Since there are unobservable market characteristics that could drive both credit and bank entry, the relation between credit and branches may suffer from endogeneity. Therefore, the simple regression of credit on bank branches would be biased. To try to deal with this endogeneity, we employ an IO framework to model firm entry and use the estimated result as an instrument for observed bank branches. We find that estimations using expected values or predicted probabilities of bank branches show little to no effect of bank branches on credit. The same result is achieved when using a second IO model as an additional analysiss / A Literatura Econômica de desenvolvimento aponta o crédito como um dos determinantes do desenvolvimento econômico, que promove investimentos, suavização do consumo, mitigação do risco e uso de novas tecnologias de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar se a presença física de bancos por meio da agência bancária ainda é relevante para o desenvolvimento de mercados locais de crédito no Brasil. A relação entre crédito e agências bancárias pode sofrer de endogeneidade, uma vez que existem características de mercado não-observáveis que podem afetar tanto crédito quanto a entrada de bancos nos mercados. Para tratar esta endogeneidade, se propõe o uso de um framework de OI para modelar a decisão de entrada de firmas. A partir destes modelos, utiliza-se o resultado previsto como instrumento para as agências bancárias observadas. O resultado encontrado é de que, ao utilizar o valor esperado de agências ou a probabilidade estimada de haver agência, o impacto de agência em crédito se reduz significativamente e é nulo na maioria das especificações e para a maior parte dos anos da amostra. O uso de um segundo modelo de OI como teste secundário teve o mesmo resultado

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wagner Fabiano de Melo.pdf: 1611898 bytes, checksum: bbd53b7a6a8a1113db38cb52dc93abbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho objetivou verificar a influência dos valores organizacionais de agências bancárias no desempenho destas unidades. Diversos autores mencionam que os valores organizacionais percebidos como praticados são orientadores da vida da organização,oferecem motivação para o alcance dos objetivos, afetam as decisões, criam modelos mentais semelhantes entre os empregados e são determinantes da produtividade organizacional. Estes argumentos sugerem que estes valores têm o potencial de influenciarem indireta e diretamente o desempenho organizacional. Nota-se, entretanto, uma carência de pesquisas brasileiras dedicadas ao exame desta relação, o que motivou a realização deste estudo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma instituição bancária pública e se classifica como um teste de hipótese e descritiva. O questionário intitulado Inventário de Perfis de Valores Organizacionais (IPVO) foi adaptado para a mensuração dos valores organizacionais das agências. Os dados desta variável foram coletados no nível individual e, para cada agência da amostra, foi calculada a média das respostas a cada assertiva do questionário para obter os dados no nível das agências bancárias. O desempenho de cada agência foi medido pelo percentual de metas que foram integralmente realizadas no ano de 2009. A fonte destes dados é primária e o modo de mensuração é objetivo, pois foram fornecidos diretamente pela instituição financeira e se basearam em registros factuais. A amostra é do tipo não-probabilística e composta por 271 agências, cujos dados acerca dos valores organizacionais foram proporcionados por 720 respondentes. A análise dos dados fez uso de técnicas estatísticas univariadas, bivariadas e multivariadas. A análise fatorial revelou que os valores organizacionais das agências se estruturam em quatro fatores: respeito aos stakeholders, diversão para os empregados, atuação competente e prestígio. O prestígio está positivamente correlacionado com o desempenho das agências e o respeito aos stakeholders e a diversão para os empregados estão inversamente correlacionados com a variável dependente. A análise de regressão múltipla resultou em um modelo que explica 9,5% da variância no desempenho e contém dois fatores como variáveis preditoras, prestígio e atuação competente, que influenciam positivamente o desempenho.Estes fatores representam teoricamente os pólos: autopromoção e/ou abertura à mudança. Os fatores negativamente correlacionados com o desempenho, por sua vez, retratam ou aparentam retratar teoricamente o pólo de autotranscendência. Os resultados mostram que os valores organizacionais são uma das variáveis que impactam no desempenho organizacional. / This study aimed to investigate the influence of bank branches organizational values on branch performance. Many authors postulate that organizational values perceived as practiced guide organizational life, motivate to fulfill the objectives, affect the decisions, build similar employees mindsets and determine the organizational productivity. These observations suggest that these values can indirectly and directly influence the organizational performance. There are not, however, Brazilian studies focused on analyzing this relation and this motivated the accomplishment of this study. The research was undertaken at a public bank and can be considered a hypothesis testing and a descriptive study. The questionnaire called Inventário de Perfis de Valores Organizacionais (IPVO) was adapted to measure branches organizational values. The data of this variable was collected from individuals and for each of the branches of the sample, the mean of answers to each of the questions of the questionnaire was calculated to represent the branch level of analysis. Branch performance was measured using the percentage of goals accomplished during the year 2009. The source of this data is primary and its mode of assessment is objective, because it was provided directly by the bank and it was based on factual records. The sample is non-probabilistic and is formed by 271 branches and the data about branches organizational values was provided by 720 respondents. Data analysis involved univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistics.The factorial analysis revealed that branches organizational values are organized in four factors: respect for stakeholders, employee entertainment, competent performance and prestige. Prestige is positively correlated with branch performance and respect for stakeholders and employee entertainment are negatively correlated with the dependent variable. The multiple regression analysis yielded an equation that account for 9.5% of the variance in performance and contains two factors as independent variables, prestige and competent performance, which influence positively the branch performance. These factors theoretically represent the higher order value types: self-enhancement and/or openness to change. The factors negatively correlated with branch performance theoretically represent or seem to represent the higher order value type: self-transcendence. The results show that organizational values are one of the variables that impact on organizational performance.

Credit is seen in Economic Literature as one of development drivers, promoting investment, smoothing consumption, allowing for risk sharing and the use of new production technologies. Our objective is to analyze if the physical presence of banks through bank branches is still relevant to develop local credit markets in Brazil. Since there are unobservable market characteristics that could drive both credit and bank entry, the relation between credit and branches may suffer from endogeneity. Therefore, the simple regression of credit on bank branches would be biased. To try to deal with this endogeneity, we employ an IO framework to model firm entry and use the estimated result as an instrument for observed bank branches. We find that estimations using expected values or predicted probabilities of bank branches show little to no effect of bank branches on credit. The same result is achieved when using a second IO model as an additional analysiss / A Literatura Econômica de desenvolvimento aponta o crédito como um dos determinantes do desenvolvimento econômico, que promove investimentos, suavização do consumo, mitigação do risco e uso de novas tecnologias de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar se a presença física de bancos por meio da agência bancária ainda é relevante para o desenvolvimento de mercados locais de crédito no Brasil. A relação entre crédito e agências bancárias pode sofrer de endogeneidade, uma vez que existem características de mercado não-observáveis que podem afetar tanto crédito quanto a entrada de bancos nos mercados. Para tratar esta endogeneidade, se propõe o uso de um framework de OI para modelar a decisão de entrada de firmas. A partir destes modelos, utiliza-se o resultado previsto como instrumento para as agências bancárias observadas. O resultado encontrado é de que, ao utilizar o valor esperado de agências ou a probabilidade estimada de haver agência, o impacto de agência em crédito se reduz significativamente e é nulo na maioria das especificações e para a maior parte dos anos da amostra. O uso de um segundo modelo de OI como teste secundário teve o mesmo resultado

The major goal of this work is to compare positions of different institutional types active in the banking sector in the Czech Republic. The emphasis is being given to the description of gradual mutual convergence and interactions of particular institutional types in the context of changes undergoing in a transition economy since 1990. The second part of this work analyses the framework for the operation of different institutional types and compares their positions against clients, owners and supervisor. The last part of the work is a comparative analysis of economic indicators for each institutional type in the context of changes in the market and legal environment since 2004.

No description available.