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1	Barriers to implementing urban plans in Kenya Kitur, Rose Chelangat 01 January 2019 (has links) Despite a long history of urban planning, Kenyan towns are still characterized by informality, uncoordinated development, urban sprawl, and congestion. Government documents and reports acknowledge that, despite planning, no deliberate effort has been made to implement plans. Little is known about what impedes plan implementation in Kenya. This study sought to develop an in-depth understanding of the barriers to plan implementation from the perspectives of public officials responsible for planning. Using path dependency theory, forwarded by Pierson, and force field analysis, advanced by Lewin, the research questions focused on legal and institutional development, as well as on the nature of relationships between different actors as possible sources of hindrances to plan implementation. Data for this qualitative study accrued through reviews of documents relating to urban planning and interviews with officials in different categories, with a focus on three case cities: Nairobi, Nakuru, and Eldoret. A total of 14 participants, 10 from the city level, included county legislators; 4 from the national government level were interviewed. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively using multiple-level coding and direct interpretation to create themes. The themes that emerged included politics and vested interests, financial, legal regime, institutional setup, land tenure, and quality of the plans. Study findings may be useful in informing planning authorities on how to restructure the preparation and implementation of urban plans. Barriers to implementation plan implementation urban development urban governance in Kenya urban planning Public Policy Urban, Community and Regional Planning Urban Studies and Planning
2	Hur urban grön infrastruktur kan utvärderas med hjälp av multikriterieanalys och rumsliga analyser : Två fallstudier i Stockholmsområdet / How urban green infrastructure can be evaluated using multi-criteria analysis and spatial analyses Donoso, Andrés, Kjellström, Emmie January 2023 (has links) Mångfunktionell grön infrastruktur har en betydande roll för städers resiliens tackvare de ekosystemtjänsterna de bidrar med. På grund av den snabba expansionen avstäder skapas ofta målkonflikter gällande markanvändning vilket har lett till att dengröna infrastrukturen i många fall bortprioriterats. För att motverka denna utvecklingär det viktigt att beakta den gröna infrastrukturen och dess ekosystemtjänster tidigt iplaneringsskedet. Syftet med arbetet är att skapa en modell för att utvärderamångfunktionalitet samt hur ekosystemtjänster påverkas vid förändring i urban miljö.Metoden som legat till grund för arbetet har varit analyser av öppna rumsliga datakombinerat med multikriterieanalys. Arbetet har avgränsats till endast inkluderamiljömångfald, konnektivitet, klimatreglering, samt rekreation. Resultatet av arbetetvisar att genom kombinationen av rumsliga analyser och multikriterieanalys kan fleraekosystemtjänster och ekologiska funktioner analyseras samtidigt. Vidare kanmodellen användas som planeringsunderlag för att identifiera styrkor och utmaningarvid förändring av den gröna infrastrukturen i urbana miljöer. / Multifunctional green infrastructure (GI) is central for the resilience of cities, due tothe ecosystem services (ES) it provides. The rapid expansion of cities often createsconflicting interests regarding the land use, which has led to the undermining of theurban green infrastructure (UGI). It’s, therefore, important to consider GI and ES inthe early stages of urban planning. The aim of this study is to develop a model for GImultifunctionality and ES evaluation. The method used to accomplish this is acombination of a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) and spatial analyses. This study’sscope only incorporates environmental variety, connectivity, climate regulation andrecreation. The results of this study show that the combination of MCA and spatialanalyses allow the evaluation of several ES and ecological functions simultaneously.Furthermore, the model can be used as a basis for the urban planning process throughthe identification of strengths and challenges of the UGI. Green infrastructure GI Ecosystem services geographic information systems GIS Multicriteria analysis MCA Urban green infrastructure UGI Urban development Basis for planning Urban planning Environmental management Sustainable development Grön infrastruktur GI Ekosystemtjänster Geografiska Informationssystem GIS Multikriterieanalys MKA Urban Grön Infrastruktur UGI Planeringsunderlag Stadsutveckling Stadsplanering Miljöledning Hållbar utveckling Engineering and Technology Teknik och teknologier

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Barriers to implementing urban plans in Kenya

Hur urban grön infrastruktur kan utvärderas med hjälp av multikriterieanalys och rumsliga analyser : Två fallstudier i Stockholmsområdet / How urban green infrastructure can be evaluated using multi-criteria analysis and spatial analyses