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Submitted by Kamila Costa (kamilavasconceloscosta@gmail.com) on 2015-06-12T18:44:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento.pdf: 953270 bytes, checksum: 7bcfb7a650507ae46cf903137a77cc69 (MD5) Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento 1.pdf: 105067 bytes, checksum: 3983e46cb592271ad45ac9cefbcf5bc6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-15T17:46:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento.pdf: 953270 bytes, checksum: 7bcfb7a650507ae46cf903137a77cc69 (MD5) Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento 1.pdf: 105067 bytes, checksum: 3983e46cb592271ad45ac9cefbcf5bc6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-15T17:51:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento.pdf: 953270 bytes, checksum: 7bcfb7a650507ae46cf903137a77cc69 (MD5) Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento 1.pdf: 105067 bytes, checksum: 3983e46cb592271ad45ac9cefbcf5bc6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-15T17:51:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento.pdf: 953270 bytes, checksum: 7bcfb7a650507ae46cf903137a77cc69 (MD5) Dissertação-Ozanildo V do Nascimento 1.pdf: 105067 bytes, checksum: 3983e46cb592271ad45ac9cefbcf5bc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-30 / BASA - Banco da Amazônia / The present study evaluated Athletes Amazonenses Nutritional State, participants of the program Amazon Champion 2005. The descriptive and traverse research was constituted of 90 voluntary adult athletes of the masculine gender of different sporting modalities classified as athletes of high income. In the diagnosis of the nutritional state they were used measured anthropometrics and of the body composition. To diagnose the anemia the hemoglobin dosage it was used. In the obtaining of the information of the basic pattern of the feeding addressed questionnaire was used, to the frequency of the daily, weekly and monthly alimentary consumption trying to identify the dietary behavior. In the analysis of IMC the overweight presence was evidenced in 47,8%, mainly among the youngest athletes. For to you varied related with the caloric reservation, 94, .4% of the athletes presented deficits, having declined of his/her intensity in function of the ages. In the reservation protease 34, 4% presented an inadequacy profile among the athletes having a lineal influence in function of the ages. Those results evidence divergence in the values of the variables anthropometrics in function of the different modalities. Anemia occurrence was not verified. independently of the investigated age group. The investigation of the socioeconomic factors evidenced that the athletes in his/her majority are constituted by bachelors, studying the fundamental teaching gaining an income monthly medium equal or superior to 2 minimum wages. In the decisive factors of the athletes' relatives' health significant values of occurrence of degenerative chronic diseases were registered. The alimentary pattern characterized as main foods of origin protein and carbohydrate, being incorrect his/her consumption, delineating like this a diet that can interfere in the health and those athletes' performance / O presente estudo avaliou do Estado Nutricional dos Atletas Adultos Amazonenses, participantes do programa Amazonas Campeão 2005. A pesquisa descritiva e transversal foi constituída de 90 atletas adultos voluntários do gênero masculino de diferentes modalidades esportivas classificados como atletas de alto rendimento. No diagnóstico do estado nutricional foram utilizadas medidas antropométricas e da composição corporal. Para diagnosticar a anemia utilizou-se a dosagem de hemoglobina. Na obtenção das informações do padrão básico da alimentação foi utilizado questionário direcionado, à freqüência do consumo alimentar diário, semanal e mensal procurando identificar o comportamento dietético. Na análise do IMC ficou evidenciado a presença de sobrepeso em 47,8%, principalmente entre os atletas mais jovens. Para as variáveis relacionadas com a reserva calórica, 94,4% dos atletas apresentaram déficits, havendo declíneo da sua intensidade em função das idades. Na reserva protéica 34, 4% apresentaram um perfil de inadequação entre os atletas havendo uma influência linear em função das idades. Esses resultados evidenciam divergências nos valores das variáveis antropométricas em função das diferentes modalidades. Não se constatou ocorrência de anemia, independentemente da faixa etária investigada. A investigação dos fatores socioeconômicos evidenciou que os atletas na sua maioria é constituída por solteiros, cursando o ensino fundamental auferindo uma renda média mensal igual ou superior a 2 salários mínimos. Nos fatores determinantes da saúde dos familiares dos atletas foram registrados valores significativos de ocorrência de doenças crônicas degenerativas. O padrão alimentar caracterizou como principais alimentos os de origem protéica e carboidratos, sendo incorreto seu consumo, delineando assim uma dieta que pode interferir na saúde e performance desses atletas.

En las especies bovina y porcina se ha comunicado la presencia de glicosidasas ligadas a los espermatozoides (Hayashi et al., 2004). Otros autores han propuesto diferentes glicosidasas espermáticas que interactúan con carbohidratos específicos en la ZP en otras especies animales incluyendo al hombre (Tulsiani et al., 1989, 1990; Avilés et al., 1996; Song et al., 2000; Venditti et al., 2007, 2010).En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo un estudio de las principales glicosidasas espermáticas para establecer su ubicación en el espermatozoide, el origen de su síntesis, la expresión génica y mediante FIV porcina valorar el papel de aquellas glicosidasas con mayor actividad enzimática (AE) en el reconocimiento de gametos, fecundación y desarrollo embrionario temprano. / In bovine and porcine species, the presence of sperm bound glycosidases has been reported (Hayashi et al., 2004). Others studies have proposed different sperm glycosidases that interact with specific ZP carbohydrates in other species, including men (Tulsiani et al., 1989, 1990; Avilés et al., 1996; Song et al., 2000; Venditti et al., 2007, 2010). In the present work, the major sperm glycosidases were studied to establish their localization in the spermatozoon, the origin of their synthesis, their gene expression and through porcine IVF; we sought to define the role of the glycosidases with greater activity during gamete interaction, fertilization and early embryo development.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:40:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristina_Fernanda_Schneider.pdf: 561593 bytes, checksum: b48e08d8af08229bce5bf7f84306fe8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Balfourodendron riedelianum (Engler) Engler is a native species of great importance that can be used for regeneration of devastated areas, however, the information related to the collection and conservation of seeds are scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify efficient enzymes in monitoring the deterioration and loss of germination of B. riedelianum seeds, as well as determine the constants of longevity equation. Assays were performed in the Seed Technology Laboratory of Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - UNIOESTE, Campus Marechal Cândido Rondon - PR. Seeds were harvested at Diamante do Oeste, Mercedes and Missal - PR, which were submitted for processing, drying, initial characterization and then storing in airtight packaging under controlled storage conditions and uncontrolled. Seed samples were evaluated at 0, 120, 240 and 360 days of storage. The analyzes were: germination test; germination rate index (Maguire), accelerated aging and enzymatic activity of peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and β-1,3-glucanase. The experiment was a completely randomized design. The results were subjected to regression analysis to 5% of probability. For the development of longevity equations was determined the constants that make up the equation by regression curves. The germination behavior and IVG were similar for all sampling sites, down to 240 days and increased at the end of the storage period. The aging pattern of the seeds was different in the different collection sites, being observed by the activity of enzymes. The decrease in viability of Balfourodendron riedelianum (Engler) Engler can be detected through peroxidase enzyme activity in the local collection of Diamante do Oeste and Missal and through β-1,3-glucanase enzyme of the local collection Missal on 0, 120 and 240 days of storage. The determination of seed longevity was not possible, because the seeds had not presented negative cumulative germination behavior during the storage period / O Balfourodendron riedelianum (Engler) Engler é uma espécie nativa de relevante importância que pode ser utilizada para a regeneração de áreas devastadas, no entanto, as informações relacionadas à obtenção e conservação das sementes são escassas. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar enzimas eficientes no monitoramento da deterioração e perda da capacidade germinativa de sementes de B. riedelianum, bem como, determinar as constantes da equação de longevidade. Os ensaios foram realizados no Laboratório de Tecnologia de Sementes da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná UNIOESTE, Campus de Marechal Cândido Rondon PR. Foram colhidas sementes em Diamante do Oeste, Mercedes e Missal PR, que foram submetidas ao beneficiamento, secagem, caracterização inicial e, em seguida, ao armazenamento em embalagem hermética sob condições de armazenamento controladas e não controladas. Amostras de sementes foram avaliadas aos 0, 120, 240 e 360 dias de armazenamento. As análises foram: teste de germinação; índice de velocidade de germinação (Maguire), envelhecimento acelerado e atividade enzimática de peroxidase, fenilalanina amônia-liase e β-1,3-glucanase. O experimento seguiu o delineamento inteiramente casualisado. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de regressão a 5% de probabilidade de erro. Para a elaboração das equações de longevidade determinou-se as constantes que compõem a equação através de curvas de regressão. O comportamento germinativo e IVG foram semelhantes para todos os locais de coleta, com queda até os 240 dias e aumento ao final do período de armazenamento. O padrão de envelhecimento das sementes foi distinto nos diferentes locais de coleta, e nas diferentes condições de armazenamento sendo observado pela atividade das enzimas. O decréscimo da viabilidade de sementes de Balfourodendron riedelianum (Engler) Engler foi possível ser detectado através da atividade da enzima peroxidase nos locais de coleta Diamante do Oeste e Missal e através da enzima β-1,3-glucanase para o local de coleta Missal nos períodos de 0, 120 e 240 dias de armazenamento. A determinação da longevidade das sementes não foi possível, pelo fato das sementes não terem apresentado comportamento germinativo cumulativo negativo durante o período de armazenamento

The one-humped or the dromedarian camel is a pseudo-ruminant mammal, well adapted to the hot and dry climates of the desert. Its ability to withstand torrid heat and extreme desiccation is of paramount importance to its survival. The studies presented in this thesis were designed to investigate and document the effect of dehydration in the presence or absence of angiotensin II (Ang II) AT1 receptor blocker (losartan) on blood constituents, electrolytes, hormones, neurotransmitters as well as liver and kidney enzymes in a subset of dehydrated camels and to compare them with hydrated camels. Additionally, we studied the response of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and revealed for the first time the cardiac storage form of BNP in the camel heart. Dehydration induced significant increments in packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cells (WBC), gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT), serum sodium, creatinine and urea levels, and a doubling in plasma cortisol and arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels. At the same time dehydration caused significant decrease in body weights, plasma insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and a 50% decrement in ANP and BNP levels. Moreover, dehydration with and without losartan resulted in significant changes in stress hormones and anti-oxidants in plasma, liver and kidney homogenates. Losartan on one hand enhanced the effect of dehydration resulting in significant increases in sodium, creatinine and urea levels. In addition losartan raised the  binding affinity of Ang II AT2 receptors in the small intestine with 8-fold and with 16-fold for liver AT1 receptors, indicating that Ang II AT1 and AT2 receptor binding sites were present in camel's small intestine while only AT1 receptor binding sites were found in the camel liver. One the other hand losartan resulted in significant decrease in body weights impaired the rise in anti-diuretic hormone and reduced aldosterone level. Finally, we showed that the proBNP is the storage form of BNP in the camel heart.

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Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-02T21:37:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Tatiane Cristina dos Santos Bonfim.pdf: 2465996 bytes, checksum: 94f74695ec8fd235bfbcd7f4a82aec87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-02T21:37:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Tatiane Cristina dos Santos Bonfim.pdf: 2465996 bytes, checksum: 94f74695ec8fd235bfbcd7f4a82aec87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / CNPq / The interaction between intermediate hosts and helminths can cause metabolic and reproductive changes in the host snail, they start using their reserves to maintain its vital functions, immune system activation, repair of tissue damage and also to supply the necessary energy for the parasites development. Investigations of co-infection by different helminths can provide essential information about the biology of their co-existence. Our aims are investigate the reproductive changes, evaluate the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and the concentrations of glucose in the hemolymph and glycogen in the digestive gland complex and cephalopedal mass, and also verify histological and histochemical changes of Biomphalaria glabrata experimentally co-infected with Echinostoma paraensei and Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Five groups of snails i.e. uninfected, with single and double infections, either E. paraensei first (E+A) or A. cantonensis first (A+E) were followed; three times a week during four weeks the numbers of egg masses, eggs and hatched snails were counted. Histological and histochemical samples of the ovotestis, albumen gland, digestive gland complex and cephalopedal mass were collected after four weeks as well samples for the biochemical analysis. The number of egg masses/snail, eggs/snail and hatched snails showed significant differences comparing the control group to all infected groups, especially in group E + A, with the majority of values of parameters analyzed lower than 50% of those observed for control snails. A significant decrease in glucose levels and glycogen content, in contrast an increase of lactate dehydrogenase activity was observed in the infected snails. These results indicate intense energy demand that takes the snail increasing the anaerobic degradation of carbohydrates in the infected snails to obtain energy in an attempt to maintain homeostasis. The histological analysis showed that presence of both parasites in the all organs analyzed and the parasites were associated with cell disorganization. / A intera??o entre hospedeiros intermedi?rios e helmintos pode causar altera??es metab?licas e reprodutivas no molusco hospedeiro, que come?am a usar suas reservas para manter as fun??es vitais, na elabora??o de resposta imunol?gica e repara??o de danos teciduais e tamb?m para compensar a drenagem de nutrientes/energia pelos parasitos em desenvolvimento. Investiga??es sobre as co-infec??es por helmintos de esp?cies diferentes podem fornecer informa??es essenciais sobre a biologia da sua co-exist?ncia, refletindo aspectos mais pr?ximos ?queles que encontramos em condi??es naturais. Nossos objetivos foram investigar as altera??es reprodutivas, avaliar a atividade da lactato desidrogenase e as concentra??es de glicose na hemolinfa e glicog?nio no complexo gl?ndula digestiva-g?nada e massa cefalopediosa, e tamb?m verificar altera??es histol?gicas e histoqu?micas de Biomphalaria glabrata experimentalmente co-infectados com Echinostoma paraensei e Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Cinco grupos de moluscos (n?o infectados, com infec??es simples (Echinostoma paraensei ou Angiostrongylus cantonensis) e dupla, seja E. paraensei primeiro (E + A) ou A. cantonensis primeiro (A + E)) foram acompanhados; tr?s vezes por semana durante quatro semanas o n?mero de massas de ovos, n?mero de ovos e n?mero de moluscos eclodidos foram contados. Amostras para a an?lise histol?gica e histoqu?mica do ovoteste, gl?ndula do alb?men, complexo gl?ndula digestiva e massa cefalopediosa foram coletadas ap?s quatro semanas, assim como amostras para a an?lise bioqu?mica. O n?mero de massas de ovos/molusco, ovos/molusco e moluscos eclodidos dos moluscos infectados apresentaram diferen?as significativas quando comparados com o grupo controle, especialmente no grupo E + A, cuja a maioria dos valores dos par?metros analisados foi inferior a 50% dos valores observados para os moluscos controle. Um decr?scimo significativo nos n?veis de glicose e de glicog?nio, em contraste com um aumento de atividade da lactato desidrogenase foi observado nos exemplares infectados. Estes resultados indicam que a demanda de energia intensa leva o molusco infectado ao aumento da degrada??o anaer?bia de carboidratos para obten??o de energia buscando atender ao aumento da demanda energ?tica, numa tentativa de manter a homeostase glic?mica, por?m redu??es significativas s?o observadas. As an?lises histol?gicas e histoqu?micas mostraram a presen?a de ambos os parasitos nos ?rg?os analisados associados com intensa desorganiza??o celular.

La bioconversion en méthane de biomasses lignocellulosiques est l’une des alternatives les plus prometteuses pour la production de méthane issu de la digestion anaérobie. Toutefois, les biomasses lignocellulosiques présentent des caractéristiques bio-physico-chimiques très variables en raison leur composition biochimique et de l’organisation structurale très diverses. Par ailleurs, leur faible biodégradabilité en conditions anaérobie nécessite de les prétraiter avant méthanisation pour optimiser la production de méthane. Ce travail vise à évaluer l’influence des caractéristiques d’une large gamme de substrats lignocellulosiques sur leur biodégradabilité anaérobie et les corrélations entre leurs caractéristiques bio-physico-chimiques et le potentiel biométhanogène, et d’étudier les effets du prétraitement fongique en présence de Ceriporiopsis subvermispora sur le potentiel biométhanogène de biomasses lignocellulosiques sélectionnées dans la présente étude et de caractériser les changements de leurs caractéristiques après le prétraitement fongique. La caractérisation de 36 biomasses lignocellulosiques représentatives d’une large gamme de gisements potentiellement mobilisables a permis de mettre en évidence les corrélations linéaires entre le potentiel biométhanogène des biomasses et certaines de leur caractéristiques bio-physico-chimiques, dont la teneur en lignine et la demande biochimique en oxygène. Les biomasses sylvicoles et agricoles ont montré des caractéristiques distinctes de la biodégradabilité aérobie et anaérobie. Les résultats de prétraitement fongique sur les 5 biomasses ont permis de mettre en évidence que le champignon de pourriture blanche Ceriporiopsis subvermispora réagit distinctement selon la biomasse prétraitée. Pour certaines biomasses, le prétraitement fongique conduit à augmenter significativement la production de méthane et la vitesse de bioconversion en méthane. Cette espèce présente la capacité de dégrader sélectivement la lignine sur certaines biomasses et, sur d’autres, celle de dégrader de manière non-sélective des polysaccharides et des lignines. De plus, pour les deux souches de Ceriporiopsis subvermispora testées, des métabolismes différents ont été mis en évidence sur une même biomasse. Les résultats de compositions et ceux de l’analyse structurale des biomasses (initiales, autoclavées, contrôles, et prétraitées par Ceriporiopsis subvermispora) ont montré que leur structure peut être modifiée sans toutefois observer une transformation significative de leur composition biochimique. / Bioconversion to methane lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most promising alternatives for the production of methane from anaerobic digestion. However, lignocellulosic biomass has various bio-physicochemical characteristics due to their biochemical composition and diverse structural organization. Moreover, their low biodegradability in anaerobic condition requires pretreatment before methanation to optimize methane production. This work aims to evaluate the influence of the characteristics of a wide range of lignocellulosic substrates on their anaerobic biodegradability and correlations between their bio-physical-chemical characteristics and biomethane potential, and study the effects of fungal pretreatment in the presence of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora on the biogas potential of lignocellulosic biomass selected in this study and characterize their changes of their characteristics before and after the fungal pretreatment. The characterization of 36 representative lignocellulosic biomass of a wide range of potentially mobilized deposits allowed to highlight the linear correlations between biomethane potential of biomass and some of their bio-physical-chemical characteristics, of which the lignin content and biochemical oxygen demand. The forest and agricultural biomass exhibited distinct characteristics of the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability. The results of fungal pretreatment of the 5 biomass indicated that the white rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora reacts distinctly depending on the pretreated biomass. For some biomass, fungal pretreatment leads to significant increase of methane production and the bioconversion rate of methane. This species presents the ability to selectively degrade lignin on some biomasses, in others, the ability to non-selectively degrade polysaccharides and lignins. In addition, for both strains of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora tested, different metabolisms were highlighted on the same biomass. The results of compositions and those of the structural analysis of biomass (initials, autoclaved, controls, and pretreated with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora) showed that their structure can be modified without observing a significant transformation of their biochemical composition.