Diss. Örebro : Univ., 2004.

In this thesis called “Soon there was nowhere to go”, I investigate how relations between environments, landscapes and emotions are shaped in Birgitta Lillpers’ novel Om du fick tänka dig ett hem (If you could think of a home) (2010). I do this by looking at how landscapes are expressed in the novel and how the human bodies who live in this landscapes answers to their surroundings. The landscapes in the novel are exploited and fragmented, destroyed by production. But they are also landscapes full of traces, of different temporalities and connections. Through Volmar Frank, the main protagonist, other ways of relating to the land are made visible, in a sensual way, a way built on his longing for an inclusive relation to his surroundings. Here I also point to the difficulties with a relation built on closeness, because, as Lillpers shows, this could also be the moment where destruction begins, with the human gaze and how it values different lives. The exploited landscapes where loss is inscribed awaken strong feelings of hopelessness and grief within the characters of the novel. This comes from living with the knowledge of an continuous, ongoing loss around them, but also from the painful awakening, a changing gaze from which one cannot return. I investigate grief and the possibility to express this grief, both in a social context and on an individual level. In the thesis I have shown the difficulties that come with ecological grief, both in the acknowledgement of a grief that reaches beyond the human, and in relation to the absence of rituals when it comes to grieving the more-than-human. I also bring up the temporal problems with a loss that is ongoing. Here I problematize norms around what and who is recognized as grievable and how a process of mourning is expected to unfold. Lillpers gives no answers in her novel, neither solutions nor alternative worlds, but she raises important questions about what we do to our environments and to non-human lives. She leaves us with the question of what kind of world we can imagine, if we could think of a home? She also leaves openings to other ways of approaching the world, approaches built on reciprocity. I conclude that grief and the process of mourning could be a place to begin, a starting point for a transformative process, which I argue is necessary to access the problems we face today with destroyed environments and species vanishing at an escalating pace, with consequences for all life on earth. / I denna uppsats undersöker jag känslomässiga svar på människans exploatering av miljöer och landskap i Birgitta Lillpers roman Om du fick tänka dig ett hem (2010). Detta gör jag genom att titta på hur möten och relationer mellan kroppar och landskap gestaltas utifrån en affektiv ekokritik som förstår plats som avgörande när det kommer till hur känslor formas. Romanens karaktärer rör sig i ett trasigt, sårigt och fragmenterat landskap, där det knappt längre existerar platser som inte förstörts av människan. Här pågår liv, styrda av produktionens logik, byggda på narrativ om exploatering som nödvändig för meningsfullhet och social välfärd. Den som inte accepterar dessa narrativ, som känner sorg över förlusten, har ingenstans att ta vägen med sina känslor. Makten sitter i rum långt borta och hör inte de röster som försöker nå in med sina förtvivlade skrik. Vi lever idag i en tid när miljöer förstörs och arter dör ut med en allt högre hastighet. Trots att vi vet att vi behöver ändra vårt sätt att leva händer väldigt lite i praktiken. Den här uppsatsen är ett inlägg i ett samtal om hur vi kan hitta andra sätt att förhålla oss till vår omvärld. Detta gör jag med utgångspunkt i en sorg över det som förvinner och med frågor kring var det är möjligt att ta vägen, både känslomässigt och platsmässigt i en alltmer exploaterad värld. I uppsatsen lyfter jag hur sorg som riktar sig mot det icke-mänskliga möter problem eftersom den inte erkänns som legitim, men också svårigheten med att sörja en förlust som pågår utan synligt slut. Samtidigt kan vår förmåga att sörja det mer-än-mänskliga vara en avgörande aspekt när det kommer till ett annat sätt att närma oss vår omvärld. Lillpers ger i romanen inga egentliga svar, men hon visar på svårigheten att navigera i detta sorgens landskap, och synliggör frågor vi måste ställa om hur vi brukar och förbrukar vår värld. Hon visar även på öppningar mot andra sätt att närma sig omvärlden som bygger på sinnliga möten och en längtan efter mer ömsesidiga relationer med landskap och med icke-mänskligt liv.

At the centre of this study lies the question if normative gender thinking affects the way poetry gets reviewed and how the reviews are written, this in relation to both the gender of the reviewer and the poet. The study crosses three academic fields; gender studies, poetry and journalism, and is based on the cultural studies theory of media affecting and even creating the world around it. The study is based on two types of analysis. One quantitative analysis based on the thematic criticism theory about detail studies that shows bigger patterns, this analysis focuses on how the poet and his/hers work are being treated in the reviews in areas such as how much space they´re given in the newspapers, how they are named by the reviewer and the tendency to quote the reviewed work.  And one qualitative analysis based on the new criticism method of close reading, that focuses on the reviewers way of writing and how that may be connected with theories of gender differences, this both connected to the gender of the reviewers and the poets. The material chosen for this study are all the reviews that were published in the same newspapers and that reviewed two specific poetry works by two specific poets chosen with great sensibility to age and career so that their difference in gender would be the most significant difference between them. The works were chosen based on year of publishing, they were supposed to be published as newly as possible and as close to each other in time as possible. The works I ended up with were Dimman av allt (2001) and Svart som silver (2008) by Bruno K. Öijer and Silverskåp (2000) and Nu försvinner vi eller ingår (2007) by Birgitta Lillpers. The results of this study show several differences in how poetry is being judged and how poetry reviews are being written are connected with the gender of the poets and the reviewer. Lillpers got 35% less space in the newspapers and Öijers poetry got quoted a lot more which confirms that female poetry often is considered as less important than the male poetry, and that men in general tends to be judged as more professional than woman. The male reviewers tended to express themselves with greater certainty than the female reviewers who held a more professional tone in their reviews and focused more on the technical aspects of the poetry. This confirms the theory of the male words are being looked upon as the truth but contradicts the theory of women writing more based on personal experience and of women being less skilled in language techniques. In conclusion, there are differences in how poetry gets reviewed and how the reviews are written that are connected to the genders of the poet and the reviewer but these differences are complex and does not show a clear normative way of thinking about gender