Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse (M.Sc.)--Université Laval, 2008. / Bibliogr.: f. [69]-74. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.

O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa é tratar de alguns aspectos do processo de elaboração de Orion, personagem principal do livro Lenfant Bleu de Henry Bauchau. A pesquisa pretende mostrar os mecanismos empregados pelo autor para compor um personagem de ficção a partir de um material vivido, mas que não se confunde com esse material. Para tanto, a análise partirá de alguns ditados do próprio Lionel (paciente de Bauchau, psicanalista, que inspira a criação do personagem Orion) e buscará retraçar aspectos do caminho que parte do documento de trabalho psicoterapêutico e chega ao romance publicado em 2004 na Bélgica. A ideia é comparar ditados de Lionel (arquivados no Fonds Henry Bauchau) com os ditados de angústia de Orion presentes no livro Lenfant bleu, levando em conta as reescrituras e rasuras presentes nas várias versões do livro escritas por Bauchau que se encontram disponíveis nos Arquivos e Museu da Literatura da Biblioteca Real da Bélgica. Ao mesmo tempo, pretende-se analisar também os ditados de Orion criados por Bauchau sem inspiração imediata em textos de Lionel. Nos dois casos a pesquisa pretende dar especial atenção ao processo de criação da linguagem do personagem Orion, pois entendemos que a linguagem tem importância central na construção do personagem em questão. Neste percurso, debateremos questões como: Estrutura geral da obra e planos de trabalho; Biografia e Ficção, Linguagem e Paranoia. / The main purpose on this research is to deal with some aspects that come up along the drawing of the character Orion, the main character of Henry Bauchau\'s L\'Enfant Bleu. This research aims to shed light on the mechanisms used by the author to make a fictional character up from a living source, without, nevertheless, mixing it up with that source. From then on, the analysis will follow the dictations of Lionel - Bauchau Psychoanalyst\'s patient, who has inspired the character Orion - and will retrace its steps, from the document of psychotherapeutical work which leads into the novel published in 2004, in Belgium. This work is about comparing some dictations of Lionel (shelved at Fonds Henry Bauchau) with Orion\'s \"dictations of anguish\", counting rescriptures and erasures in the several versions of the book. They are available at the Archives and Museum of Literature of the Royal Library of Belgium. Also, we will analyze the dictations of Orion created by Bauchau without immediate inspiration from Lionel texts. In both cases the research intends to give special attention to the process of creating the language of Orion character, because we understand that language is central in building the character in question. Therefore, we will discuss issues such as: general structure of the work and work plans; Biography and Fiction, Language and Paranoia.

O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa é tratar de alguns aspectos do processo de elaboração de Orion, personagem principal do livro Lenfant Bleu de Henry Bauchau. A pesquisa pretende mostrar os mecanismos empregados pelo autor para compor um personagem de ficção a partir de um material vivido, mas que não se confunde com esse material. Para tanto, a análise partirá de alguns ditados do próprio Lionel (paciente de Bauchau, psicanalista, que inspira a criação do personagem Orion) e buscará retraçar aspectos do caminho que parte do documento de trabalho psicoterapêutico e chega ao romance publicado em 2004 na Bélgica. A ideia é comparar ditados de Lionel (arquivados no Fonds Henry Bauchau) com os ditados de angústia de Orion presentes no livro Lenfant bleu, levando em conta as reescrituras e rasuras presentes nas várias versões do livro escritas por Bauchau que se encontram disponíveis nos Arquivos e Museu da Literatura da Biblioteca Real da Bélgica. Ao mesmo tempo, pretende-se analisar também os ditados de Orion criados por Bauchau sem inspiração imediata em textos de Lionel. Nos dois casos a pesquisa pretende dar especial atenção ao processo de criação da linguagem do personagem Orion, pois entendemos que a linguagem tem importância central na construção do personagem em questão. Neste percurso, debateremos questões como: Estrutura geral da obra e planos de trabalho; Biografia e Ficção, Linguagem e Paranoia. / The main purpose on this research is to deal with some aspects that come up along the drawing of the character Orion, the main character of Henry Bauchau\'s L\'Enfant Bleu. This research aims to shed light on the mechanisms used by the author to make a fictional character up from a living source, without, nevertheless, mixing it up with that source. From then on, the analysis will follow the dictations of Lionel - Bauchau Psychoanalyst\'s patient, who has inspired the character Orion - and will retrace its steps, from the document of psychotherapeutical work which leads into the novel published in 2004, in Belgium. This work is about comparing some dictations of Lionel (shelved at Fonds Henry Bauchau) with Orion\'s \"dictations of anguish\", counting rescriptures and erasures in the several versions of the book. They are available at the Archives and Museum of Literature of the Royal Library of Belgium. Also, we will analyze the dictations of Orion created by Bauchau without immediate inspiration from Lionel texts. In both cases the research intends to give special attention to the process of creating the language of Orion character, because we understand that language is central in building the character in question. Therefore, we will discuss issues such as: general structure of the work and work plans; Biography and Fiction, Language and Paranoia.

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<p>The actin cytoskeleton is a fundamental component of the cell and is involved in many processes, including cell division, cell migration, vesicle trafficking and cell polarity. The actin cytoskeleton has a very important role in embryogenesis as the cells within developing tissues proliferate, migrate, interpret extracellular cues, and shape complex tissues. The molecules that help the cell to interpret their environment and turn those cues into morphological changes are of great interest. One protein which may be involved in this manner is Cordon-bleu (Cobl). </p><p>In mouse embryos, <italic>Cobl's</italic> expression pattern resembles that of important developmental genes, is restricted to distinct domains, and changes dynamically throughout development as tissues are formed. While it is known that <italic>Cobl</italic> expression is regulated by developmental signaling pathways such as Shh and BMP, its molecular function at the cellular level remains elusive. In this study, we have identified molecular functions of Cobl. Cobl has C-terminal Wasp Homology-2 (WH2) domains which bind actin and nucleate new actin filaments in <italic>in vitro</italic> polymerization assays. Using cultured cells, we have determined that Cobl is involved in cytoskeletal remodeling during neurite branching and epithelial cell migration. We also demonstrate that Cobl interacts with the Syndapin family of adaptor proteins that link endocytosis and vesicle trafficking. Cobl colocalizes with Sdp2 in cultured epithelial cells and similarly localizes with Sdp1 and Sdp2 in developing mouse embryos. The localization of Cobl or Sdp2 in cultured epithelial cells is dependent on the other, as demonstrated using shRNA knockdown. </p><p>Previous studies demonstrated that a hypomorphic allele of <italic>Cobl</italic> interacts genetically with <italic>Looptail</italic>, in midbrain neurulation. <italic>Looptail</italic> mutants are deficient in the gene <italic>Vangl2</italic>, a member of the planar cell polarity pathway that coordinates the morphogenesis of a sheet of cells. To discover other roles for <italic>Cobl</italic> in the developing mouse, we have generated a conditionally null allele of <italic>Cobl</italic>. We find that outbred <italic>Cobl</italic> homozygous mutants are viable, but that they have inner ear defects. Together, our studies demonstrate that Cobl is a tissue-specific actin nucleator whose localization is regulated by its interaction with Syndapins and which functions in the development of sensory epithelia.</p> / Dissertation

La sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA) est une maladie neurodegenerative incurable. Un seul médicament existe pour traiter la SLA et il ne fait que prolonger la durée de vie des patients de 3 à 6 mois, sans en diminuer les symptômes. Parmi les meilleurs modèles pour étudier la SLA, les souris S0D1G93A sont largement utilisées, notamment pour tester de nouveaux composés. Aussi, le modèle murin TDP-43 , récemment généré dans notre laboratoire, représente très bien la pathologie observée dans une autre sous-portion des patients atteints de SLA (protéinopathies TDP-43). Dans une tentative de découvrir un nouveau traitement pour la SLA, nous avons administré à des souris S0D1G93A et TDP-43 du bleu de méthylène, médicament connu pour traiter une variété des désordres neurologiques et ayant des propriétés neuroprotectrices toutes indiquées pour traiter la SLA. Nous l'avons aussi administré conjointement avec le lithium qui est connu pour avoir des effets synergiques avec certains composés.

Code comprehension can be significantly benefited from high-level source code summaries. For the majority of the developers, understanding another developer’s code or code that was written in the past by them, is a timeconsuming and frustrating task. This is necessary though in software maintenance or in cases where several people are working on the same project. A fast, reliable and informative source code description generator can automate this procedure, which is often avoided by developers. The rise of Transformers has turned the attention to them leading to the development of various Transformer-based models that tackle the task of source code summarization from different perspectives. Most of these models though are treating each other in a competitive manner when their complementarity could be proven beneficial. To this end, an ensemble learning-based approach is followed to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of the collaboration of more than one powerful Transformer-based models. The used base models are PLBart and GraphCodeBERT, two models with different focuses, and the ensemble technique is stacking. The results show that such a model can improve the performance and informativeness of individual models. However, it requires changes in the configuration of the respective models, that might harm them, and also further fine-tuning at the aggregation phase to find the most suitable base models’ weights and next-token probabilities combination, for the at the time ensemble. The results also revealed the need for human evaluation since metrics like BiLingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) are not always representative of the quality of the produced summary. Even if the outcome is promising, further work should follow, driven by this approach and based on the limitations that are not resolved in this work, for the development of a potential State Of The Art (SOTA) model. / Mjukvaruunderhåll samt kodförståelse är två områden som märkbart kan gynnas av källkodssammanfattning på hög nivå. För majoriteten av dagens utvecklare är det en tidskrävande och frustrerande uppgift att förstå en annan utvecklares kod.. För majoriteten av utvecklarna är det en tidskrävande och frustrerande uppgift att förstå en annan utvecklares kod eller kod som skrivits tidigare an dem. Detta är nödvändigt vid underhåll av programvara eller när flera personer arbetar med samma projekt. En snabb, pålitlig och informativ källkodsbeskrivningsgenerator kan automatisera denna procedur, som ofta undviks av utvecklare. Framväxten av Transformers har riktat uppmärksamheten mot dem, vilket har lett till utvecklingen av olika Transformer-baserade modeller som tar sig an uppgiften att sammanfatta källkod ur olika perspektiv. De flesta av dessa modeller behandlar dock varandra på ett konkurrenskraftigt sätt när deras komplementaritet kan bevisas vara mer fördelaktigt. För detta ändamål följs en ensembleinlärningsbaserad strategi för att utforska genomförbarheten och effektiviteten av samarbetet mellan mer än en kraftfull transformatorbaserad modell. De använda basmodellerna är PLBart och GraphCodeBERT, två modeller med olika fokus, och ensemblingstekniken staplas. Resultaten visar att en sådan modell kan förbättra prestanda och informativitet hos enskilda modeller. Det kräver dock förändringar i konfigurationen av respektive modeller som kan leda till skada, och även ytterligare finjusteringar i aggregeringsfasen för att hitta de mest lämpliga basmodellernas vikter och nästa symboliska sannolikhetskombination för den dåvarande ensemblen. Resultaten visade också behovet av mänsklig utvärdering eftersom mätvärden som BLEU inte alltid är representativa för kvaliteten på den producerade sammanfattningen. Även om resultaten är lovande bör ytterligare arbete följa, drivet av detta tillvägagångssätt och baserat på de begränsningar som inte är lösta i detta arbete, för utvecklingen av en potentiell SOTA-modell.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.