Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A aquisição da linguagem de crianças surdocegas constitui uma temática carente em pesquisas, especialmente de trabalhos que abordem a relação sujeito-linguagem. Desta forma, a relação da criança surdocega com linguagem compõe pontos cruciais de reflexão nesta dissertação, tendo em vista que são questões para as quais ainda não dispomos de dados suficientes para que possamos elucidar. Assim, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo geral refletir sobre a aquisição da linguagem de crianças surdocegas a partir do discurso de mães e de professores, bem como a partir de práticas escolares, à luz da Perspectiva Linguística de Cláudia de Lemos que implica a hipótese do inconsciente. Os objetivos específicos são: analisar a aquisição de linguagem de crianças surdocegas a partir do discurso de mães e de professores; analisar a influência da escola na aquisição da linguagem da criança surdocega, e na relação mãe-filho, e analisar os construtos teóricos que fundamentam práticas pedagógicas, especificamente, de linguagem adotada por professores. Para tanto, realizamos entrevistas semidiretivas com 4 mães e 2 professoras de surdocegos. As análises dos dados indicam que a interação mãe-filho surdocego envolve questões de aceitação, de adoção, de se ver como semelhante, consequentemente, interfere na relação da criança com a linguagem, uma vez que, para ser imersa no simbólico depende do Outro. Os professores participantes da pesquisa parecem ancorar em construtos teóricos que dificultam abordar a relação criança surdocega, sujeito e linguagem. A análise da interação professor-aluno permite-nos inferir que é essencial pensar em uma concepção de linguagem que inclua o corpo capturado pelo efeito de linguagem, um corpo que insiste em falar e que pede interpretação, deslocamento de sentido, principalmente, no caso crianças surdocegas / The acquisition of language by deaf-blind children constitutes an area in need of further research, especially of studies that examine the subject-language relationship. Thus, the deaf-blind child‟s relationship with language comprises crucial points of consideration in this thesis, given that there are questions for which we still lack sufficient data to elucidate. Therefore, the present study aims to reflect on the acquisition of language by deaf-blind children through discourse with mothers and teachers, as well as through school practices and the expertise of Cláudia de Lemos, who points out the hypothesis of the unconscious. Specific objectives include the following: to analyze the acquisition of language by deaf-blind children from discourse with mothers and teachers; analyze the influence of the school and the mother-child relationship in the acquisition of language by deaf-blind children; and to analyze the theoretical constructs that serve as the basis of pedagogical practice, specifically, the language adopted by the teachers. Moreover, we conducted semi-direct interviews with 4 mothers and 2 teachers of deafblind children. The analyses of the data indicate that the interaction between the mother and deaf-blind child involves questions of acceptance, of adoption, of whether the child is seen as similar, and consequently interfere with the child‟s relationship with language in the event that the relationship depends on the symbolism of the Other. The teachers participating in the study appear anchored to theoretical constructs that address the difficult relationships: deaf-blind child, subject, and language. The analysis of teacherstudent interaction allow us to infer that it is essential to conceive of language as including the body captured by the effect of language, a body that insists on talking and that asks for interpretation, displacement of meaning, principally in the case of deafblind children

Landau and Gleitman's experiments investigating a blind child's meaning for look, as it applied to herself, were replicated with a three year old boy who was totally blind, and had no concomitant disorders. Several commands to look were presented within informal play sessions. Responses to the look commands were compared with responses to instructions to touch, listen and taste. Experiments were video recorded for subsequent analysis. It was found that the blind child associated the haptic perceptual modality with the visual verb, in that an instruction to look at an object elicited manual exploration of the object. His meaning for look was distinct from his meanings for the other perceptual verbs. These findings were consistent with Landau and Gleitman's findings. Landau and Gleitman's interpretation, of how a blind child's mastery of visual terms bears on the word/meaning mapping problem, is critically discussed. / Medicine, Faculty of / Audiology and Speech Sciences, School of / Graduate

Indiana School for the Blind has a regular academic program fulfilling the state's requirements, but adjusted to blindness. Only educable children are admissable and when a child is judged to be unable to benefit from the program, he must be rejected for admission or readmission to the school. Many children retained in the school are making minimal gains due to unmet needs for psychotherapy or for a special program designed for retarded or neurologically damaged children. The present study involves three known groups of mentally handicapped blind children, (1) those who have been rejected for even a trial admission at Indiana School for the Blind because they are judged unable to benefit by an academic program, and (2) those granted a trial admission but rejected for readmission as unable to benefit by the program, and (3) those enrolled in the school but not being served adequately by the present program. The numbers of children in these groups will be presented and their characteristics will be described, in order to understand the types of specific programs needed for the education, training, or care of these children and of the assumed population of multi-handicapped blind children of which they are a part.

Pas de résumé / The thesis investigated the development of children’s global/local processing hierarchical patterns introduced by Navon (1977). The objectives were to understand more comprehensively the developmental characteristics of children’s perception through their global and local processing of hierarchical patterns, by considering the effects of age, stimuli properties, duration of exposure to the stimuli and gender in a perceptual task and a drawing task. These effects were tested in 3 different populations: typically developing children, children with mental retardation and early blind children. The results revealed that typically developing children attended to both the local and global level of processing but these modes of spatial information processing operated independently. In a first step, children before 4 years of age showed dominance of local processing and then a more global processing developed at 4 years of age, and at 5 years of age integrated responses began to emerge. Early blind children showed similar developmental characteristics, although there was a protracted period of local processing dominance. Indeed, these children mainly produced local responses at ages of between 6 and 10 years, and then developed more global responses at 11-12 years and continued to integrate the two levels of analysis at later ages. On the other hand, global dominance was shown in children with mental retardation and their development was affected more by mental age than by chronological age. Moreover, their responses were shown to be sensitive to the fact that meaningful object could be located at the local level, enhancing local processing in this case. These results need further confirmations as the studies of global/local processing in atypical children are not numerous. In particular, the effect of duration of exposure to the stimuli should be further analyzed, because this factor did not seem to have a great effect in our experiments while it seemed more powerful in other studies carried out with adults. Replication of the study with children with mental retardation appears also important to plan for future work, because we can have some doubt relatively the absence of modification through ages of the way these children perceive hierarchical patterns. Finally, defining more precisely what may underlie the gender differences seems also worth to explore since gender did not show a major effect in our results.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-18T11:53:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Carlos Souza Bezerra.pdf: 1062162 bytes, checksum: bfd273bfda35c722874187552b0974dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T11:53:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Carlos Souza Bezerra.pdf: 1062162 bytes, checksum: bfd273bfda35c722874187552b0974dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research looks at the effects of sense privation in the relationship between mothers and deaf-blind children. In order to achieve such a goal, the discussion was carried out having as basis the psychoanalytical conception of body. Considering the status of the body in Freudian Psychoanalysis made it possible to reflect on a motherchild relationship that influences directly the constitution of the erogenous body. The fundamental research matters are first laid out and after that the implications of deafblindness as a unique condition that results in a double sense privation are discussed. The discussion is brought to the field of Psychoanalysis as the outcome of the adoption of the hypothesis that looking at deaf-blind children from the viewpoint of sensorial imperfection and of the marks of the real in the body is the same as not taking into consideration essential aspects for the discussion on the uniqueness of the subject. The concept of “child as a pulsional body” was thus drawn on from the work of Cláudia de Lemos on “child phrases”. It was by the contact with those “phrases” that the subject-matter “child” emerged. Phrases in which, at first glance, traces of alienation regarding what other people say seem to be predominant, and which are, at second glance, characterized by mistakes and unusual constructions. In order to respond to the questions on the psychological and epistemic subject and, above all, to find answers to the questions about the child, De Lemos finds in Psychoanalysis the conception of pulsional body, which is consistent with the data she obtained by means of empirical research. This conception will be discussed with the aid of the works by Freud, mainly those that deal with the sex theories of children, because children, as Freud and De Lemos (1992; 2003) see them, are subjects constituted in the relationship with their mothers’ otherness; a child that is interrogated by their questions on child sexuality. In a second moment of the research, the status of the body in the theoretical elaborations of Freud was questioned. The questioning is based on the child sexuality and supports, like Freud and Lecraire, a conception of erogenous body. Freud, by proposing the theory of sexuality, identifies a discontinuity regarding biology that is brought to the relation unconscious-pulsion and to the relation with sexual pleasure, which is not restricted to genitals but connected to unconscious desire. The mother-baby relation is thus permeated by the motherly want for sexual pleasure, as the mother “looks at the child with feelings derived from her own sex life” and treats them as the “substitute of an entirely legitimate sex object” (FREUD, [1905] 1996, p. 211). According to Freud, the relation between the child and the other is that of survival, dependence, and constitution, the libidinal investment on the child body made by the Other-mother being noteworthy. There is, according to Psychoanalysis, an erogenous body which is constituted in the Other/other relation and has no unity, no hierarchy, and no organization. It is a body that designates a dispersion, not a unity (LECLAIRE, 1992, 2007). This theoretical discussion draws on a reading by De Lemos (1992, 2003) of the relation holding between body, language, and capture, with the objective of providing understanding on the implications of the Other-mother in the constitution of the body and of the language. At a third moment, some segments of interviews with four mother of deaf-blind children are discussed. The research suggests that deaf-blindness has multiple effects in the imaginary representation of mothers of deaf-blind children and that in some cases these effects may influence the libidinal investment in the body / Esta pesquisa aborda os efeitos da privação sensorial na relação mãe-filho surdocego. Para tanto, essa discussão é encaminhada a partir de uma concepção psicanalítica de corpo. Assim, abordar o estatuto do corpo na Psicanálise freudiana possibilitou pensar em uma relação mãe-bebê que incide diretamente na constituição do corpo erógeno. Após centrar as questões fundamentais da pesquisa, discutem-se as implicações da surdocegueira como condição única que resulta da dupla privação sensorial. Partindo da hipótese de que olhar a criança surdocega pela via da imperfeição sensorial e das marcas do real do corpo não leva em consideração aspectos essenciais para refletir sobre a singularidade do sujeito, desloca-se a discussão para o campo da Psicanálise. Assim, foi recolhida uma afirmação de “criança como corpo pulsional”, que aparece no trabalho de Cláudia de Lemos sobre “falas de criança”. Dessa forma, foi a partir da escuta para essas “falas”, que a questão sobre a “criança” emergiu. Falas em que, em um primeiro tempo, predominam indícios de sua alienação à fala do outro e, em um segundo, são perpassadas por erros e construções insólitas. Para responder a essas ocorrências que interrogam a ideia de sujeito psicológico, epistêmico, e que, mais que tudo, levantam uma interrogação sobre a própria criança, De Lemos encontra na Psicanálise a concepção de corpo, que convém aos achados empíricos que recolheu: a de criança como corpo pulsional. A afirmação da autora será discutida a partir da leitura do texto freudiano, mais especialmente, das teorias sexuais das crianças, pois a criança, para Freud e De Lemos (1992; 2003), é concebida enquanto sujeito que se constitui na relação com o outro materno; uma criança interrogada por suas questões que estão assentadas na sexualidade infantil. Em um segundo momento da pesquisa, interrogou-se o estatuto do corpo nas elaborações teóricas de Freud. Essa interrogação parte da sexualidade infantil para sustentar, com Freud e Leclaire, uma concepção de corpo erógeno. Freud, ao propor a teoria da sexualidade, marca uma descontinuidade com o biológico e a insere na relação inconsciente-pulsão assim como na relação com o prazer sexual, que não está sob a rubrica do genital, mas sob a ordem do desejo inconsciente. Assim, a relação mãe-bebê é permeada pelo desejo materno, pelo prazer sexual, uma vez que “a mãe contempla a criança com sentimentos derivados de sua própria vida sexual” e a trata como o “substituto de objeto sexual plenamente legítimo” (FREUD, [1905] 1996, p. 211). Com Freud, observa-se que a relação da criança com o outro é de sobrevivência, de dependência e de constituição, destacando-se, portanto, o investimento libidinal que o Outromaterno faz no corpo da criança. Há, em Psicanálise, um corpo erógeno constituído na relação com o Outro/outro, um corpo que não tem uma unidade, nem hierarquia, nem uma organização. Trata-se de um corpo que não designa uma unidade e sim, uma dispersão (LECLAIRE, 1992, 2007). Nesse itinerário teórico, retoma uma leitura acerca da relação corpo, linguagem e captura, do trabalho de De Lemos (1992; 2003). A discussão visa a compreender a implicação do Outro-materno na constituição do corpo e da linguagem. Em um terceiro momento, discutem-se alguns segmentos de entrevistas com quatro mães de crianças surdocegas. A pesquisa sinaliza que a surdocegueira produz múltiplos efeitos nas representações imaginárias de mães de crianças surdocegas e, que, em alguns casos, podem incidir no investimento libidinal no corpo

Hobson et al. (Brown, Hobson. Lee y Stevenson, 1997; Hobson, Brown, Minter y Lee, 1997)ha ve updated the issue of the similarities between autism and congenital blindness. In the pre­ sent paper the empirical evidence in favor of the existence of autistic-lik features in the lan­ guage of blind children is reviewed. and new data from the author's research, are offered. The following topics are examined: (a) The use of personal pronouns, (b) the use of imitations and formulaic speech, (e) the egocentric use of speech, and (d) the capacity for iniciating conver­ sations and for conversational contingency. The analysis puts into question the similarity bet­ ween blind children and autistic children, and seems to disconfirm Hobson 's theory. / Hobson et al. (Brown, Hobson. Lee y Stevenson, 1997; Hobson, Brown, Minter y Lee, 1997) han investigado la similitud entre el autismo y la ceguera congénita. En este artículo se revisa la evidencia empírica a favor de la existencia de rasgos autistas en el lenguaje de los niños ciegos de nacimiento, a la vez que se aportan nuevos datos de investigaciones del autor. Se centra el interés en (a) el uso de los pronombres personales, (b) el uso de imitaciones y habla formuláica, (c) el uso egocéntrico del lenguaje, y (d) la capacidad de iniciar conversaciones y de contingencia conversacional. El análisis pone en cuestión la supuesta similitud entre los niños ciegos y los autistas, además parece refutar la teoría de Hobson.

This research focuses on the perceptions of future fulfilment of visually impaired adolescent learners at the Khanyisa Special School. The qualitative research was undertaken at the selected special school, which is situated in Nelson Mandela Bay in the western region of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, with ten learners, ten parents and five teachers as participants. The concluding chapter suggests ways and recommendations to assist the visually impaired adolescent learners at the Khanyisa Special School financially and academically.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:24:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_luiz_carlos.pdf: 925140 bytes, checksum: e9494809804545ef1fb26f8412476520 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The acquisition of language by deaf-blind children constitutes an area in need of further research, especially of studies that examine the subject-language relationship. Thus, the deaf-blind child‟s relationship with language comprises crucial points of consideration in this thesis, given that there are questions for which we still lack sufficient data to elucidate. Therefore, the present study aims to reflect on the acquisition of language by deaf-blind children through discourse with mothers and teachers, as well as through school practices and the expertise of Cláudia de Lemos, who points out the hypothesis of the unconscious. Specific objectives include the following: to analyze the acquisition of language by deaf-blind children from discourse with mothers and teachers; analyze the influence of the school and the mother-child relationship in the acquisition of language by deaf-blind children; and to analyze the theoretical constructs that serve as the basis of pedagogical practice, specifically, the language adopted by the teachers. Moreover, we conducted semi-direct interviews with 4 mothers and 2 teachers of deafblind children. The analyses of the data indicate that the interaction between the mother and deaf-blind child involves questions of acceptance, of adoption, of whether the child is seen as similar, and consequently interfere with the child‟s relationship with language in the event that the relationship depends on the symbolism of the Other. The teachers participating in the study appear anchored to theoretical constructs that address the difficult relationships: deaf-blind child, subject, and language. The analysis of teacherstudent interaction allow us to infer that it is essential to conceive of language as including the body captured by the effect of language, a body that insists on talking and that asks for interpretation, displacement of meaning, principally in the case of deafblind children / A aquisição da linguagem de crianças surdocegas constitui uma temática carente em pesquisas, especialmente de trabalhos que abordem a relação sujeito-linguagem. Desta forma, a relação da criança surdocega com linguagem compõe pontos cruciais de reflexão nesta dissertação, tendo em vista que são questões para as quais ainda não dispomos de dados suficientes para que possamos elucidar. Assim, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo geral refletir sobre a aquisição da linguagem de crianças surdocegas a partir do discurso de mães e de professores, bem como a partir de práticas escolares, à luz da Perspectiva Linguística de Cláudia de Lemos que implica a hipótese do inconsciente. Os objetivos específicos são: analisar a aquisição de linguagem de crianças surdocegas a partir do discurso de mães e de professores; analisar a influência da escola na aquisição da linguagem da criança surdocega, e na relação mãe-filho, e analisar os construtos teóricos que fundamentam práticas pedagógicas, especificamente, de linguagem adotada por professores. Para tanto, realizamos entrevistas semidiretivas com 4 mães e 2 professoras de surdocegos. As análises dos dados indicam que a interação mãe-filho surdocego envolve questões de aceitação, de adoção, de se ver como semelhante, consequentemente, interfere na relação da criança com a linguagem, uma vez que, para ser imersa no simbólico depende do Outro. Os professores participantes da pesquisa parecem ancorar em construtos teóricos que dificultam abordar a relação criança surdocega, sujeito e linguagem. A análise da interação professor-aluno permite-nos inferir que é essencial pensar em uma concepção de linguagem que inclua o corpo capturado pelo efeito de linguagem, um corpo que insiste em falar e que pede interpretação, deslocamento de sentido, principalmente, no caso crianças surdocegas

"The purpose of this paper is to develop a list of printed books in the fields of fiction and biography suitable for use with blind, deaf or crippled children. The books are presented in an annotated bibliography arranged in order of readability. An attempt was made to recommend all available books for grades one to six which met the criteria established"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "June, 1952." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science under Plan II." / Advisor: Sara Krentzman Srygley, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 30-32).

The thesis investigated the development of children's global/local processing hierarchical patterns introduced by Navon (1977). The objectives were to understand more comprehensively the developmental characteristics of children's perception through their global and local processing of hierarchical patterns, by considering the effects of age, stimuli properties, duration of exposure to the stimuli and gender in a perceptual task and a drawing task. These effects were tested in 3 different populations: typically developing children, children with mental retardation and early blind children. The results revealed that typically developing children attended to both the local and global level of processing but these modes of spatial information processing operated independently. In a first step, children before 4 years of age showed dominance of local processing and then a more global processing developed at 4 years of age, and at 5 years of age integrated responses began to emerge. Early blind children showed similar developmental characteristics, although there was a protracted period of local processing dominance. Indeed, these children mainly produced local responses at ages of between 6 and 10 years, and then developed more global responses at 11-12 years and continued to integrate the two levels of analysis at later ages. On the other hand, global dominance was shown in children with mental retardation and their development was affected more by mental age than by chronological age. Moreover, their responses were shown to be sensitive to the fact that meaningful object could be located at the local level, enhancing local processing in this case. These results need further confirmations as the studies of global/local processing in atypical children are not numerous. In particular, the effect of duration of exposure to the stimuli should be further analyzed, because this factor did not seem to have a great effect in our experiments while it seemed more powerful in other studies carried out with adults. Replication of the study with children with mental retardation appears also important to plan for future work, because we can have some doubt relatively the absence of modification through ages of the way these children perceive hierarchical patterns. Finally, defining more precisely what may underlie the gender differences seems also worth to explore since gender did not show a major effect in our results.