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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wagner Lima Amaral.pdf: 2330326 bytes, checksum: 56e3c50332392008ce8a2d5f7211efc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The dynamics of backcountry devotional space - Devotion to Padre Cicero and his contribution to the establishment of the identity of the backwoods frontiersman has devotion to Padre Cicero, being held through extensive literature review by historiographical, analytical and poetic works as an object of study. Part of the analysis of the place of the backcountry - the hinterlands, and finds it difficult to experience instead the motivation for the invention of a particular space, through their devotion, establishing life expectancy. This space creates a dynamic of transcendence x immanence in he transcends his place through his connection with the reference to his devotion - Padre Cicero, adding to its binding interaction with their peers - the devout pilgrims; and thus realize the immanence of the divine in his place for the practice of their faith, by its dimensions: collective, by orality; performative, for pilgrimages; and literary, by twine. The preservation of this space through devotion, not only establishes new dynamics for the backcountry suffered as influences decisively on its own identity by adding or emphasizing features like a poetic vision of reality, an appropriation of symbols, a resistance to hopelessness, an understanding mystical life. These characteristics influence the formation of their identity, making the author and actor in your own reality, inventor of a beautiful dynamic and hope for life; in which reframes ancient knowledge, making them applicable in its new contexto, creating a resilient hope in which all reality is understood, interpreted and lived in a strong Christian mystical tone, bringing meaning to this life and to come, a triumphal eschatological perspective. So, is the devotee who determines the preservation of life through the backcountry of your space / A dinâmica do espaço devocional sertanejo - A devoção a Padre Cícero e sua contribuição na constituição da identidade do sertanejo tem como objeto de estudo a devoção sertaneja a Padre Cícero, sendo realizada através de ampla análise bibliográfica por meio de trabalhos historiográficos, analíticos e poéticos. Parte da análise do lugar do sertanejo o sertão, entendendo ser a difícil vivência em seu lugar a motivação para a invenção de um espaço particular, por meio de sua devoção, estabelecendo esperança de vida. Neste espaço cria uma dinâmica de transcendência x imanência em que ele transcende ao seu lugar, através de sua ligação com a referência de sua devoção Padre Cícero, somando-se à sua ligação de convívio com seus iguais os devotos romeiros; e, desta forma, percebe a imanência do divino em seu lugar pela prática de sua fé, através de suas dimensões: coletiva, pela oralidade; performática, pelas romarias; e literária, pelos cordéis. A preservação desse espaço por meio da devoção, não somente estabelece novas dinâmicas para o sofrido sertanejo como influencia determinantemente em sua própria identidade, acrescentando ou acentuando características como uma visão poética da realidade, uma apropriação dos símbolos, uma resistência à desesperança, uma compreensão mística da vida. Tais características influenciam na formação de sua identidade, tornando-o autor e ator de sua própria realidade, inventor de uma dinâmica bela e esperança para a vida; na qual ressignifica antigos conhecimentos, tornando-os aplicáveis em seu novo contexto, criando uma resistente esperança na qual toda a realidade é entendida, interpretada e vivida em forte tonalidade mística cristã, trazendo significado para esta vida e a por vir, numa perspectiva escatológica triunfal. Assim, é o devoto que determina a preservação da vida ao sertanejo por meio de seu espaço

Community development is an ongoing issue that faces communities as they develop. This is a case study where two communities where faced with an identical development proposal involving Bluegrass Stockyards. Bluegrass Stockyards a prominent livestock marketing business, located in Lexington, KY needed to relocate its facility and looked at communities in Lincoln and Woodford County Kentucky as possible new locations. By looking at the case of Bluegrass Stockyards this study is able to use Conflict Theory, Growth Theory and Frame Analysis to look at the development process and issues that was associated with this development proposal. With the two communities being faced with the same proposal, and the proposals having different outcomes, the study is able to gain a better understanding of how development occurs within these two rural communities. This study provides information to both developers and community development professionals on what issues will need to be addressed with a livestock marketing center relocation and how the different issues should be addressed in order to make the process more efficient and beneficial to the involved communities.

Through the mid-twentieth century, a significant pattern of migration occurred between Appalachia and the Pacific Northwest, with Washington’s thriving timber industry offering compelling economic opportunities. Many workers and families from western North Carolina settled in the small mountain town of Darrington, Washington, frequently accompanied by their banjos and guitars. As a group of young bluegrass enthusiasts from Seattle established relationships with Darrington’s “Tar Heel” musicians, a collaborative music community formed, laying the foundation for the region’s contemporary bluegrass scene. Drawn from a series of ethnographic interviews, this project illuminates the development of a bluegrass community in western Washington, while identifying several of its key contributors. The resultant narrative explores the musical legacy of Appalachian migration to the Pacific Northwest, culminating in its convergence with the urban folk music revival of the 1960s. This work contributes to a growing body of scholarship that challenges the traditional geo-cultural assumptions encompassing bluegrass music.

Johannes Möller's 2014 composition Shenandoah Fantasy for Two Guitars, is a theme and variations on the American folksong Oh Shenandoah and is the composer's only work dedicated to American music. An informed performance of this work requires biographical information. Since no scholarly work on this composer is currently available, this paper includes Möller's biographical information, compositional background and performance suggestions. This information was acquired through a recorded video interview with the composer that covered his early education as a guitarist and composer, his formal conservatory training, career accomplishments, influences that informed the piece, and suggestions for performance practice. The insight gained through this interview reveals its main influences as the Romantic Fantasy, American Minimalism, Keith Jarret's harmonization of Oh Shenandoah, American country and bluegrass music, and the sounds of American folk instruments. These are the subjects of the body of this paper. In addition to an overview of some scholarly writing on the styles which influence the piece, some solutions are offered at the end of the paper to aid in the performance of difficult passages. The intent of these solutions is to make the piece easier for the left and right hand, without sacrificing those musical elements that represent its influences. This is currently the only scholarly work available for Shenandoah Fantasy for Two Guitars and its composer.

As average global temperatures rise, cool-season C3 turfgrasses, such as the most commonly grown Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.; KBG), struggle to tolerate extreme summer heat and increase their water consumption. Hybrid Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy; HBG) is a warm-season C4 grass that may be increasingly suited for northern ecosystems traditionally classified as transition or cool-season climate zones. Glasshouse and field studies were conducted to compare HBG and KBG water use. The objective of the glasshouse study was to evaluate plant health and growth for two HBG cultivars (‘DT-1’ and ‘NorthBridge’) compared to a blend of KBG cultivars in all combinations of deficit, moderate, and high irrigation at optimum or short mowing height. The study was conducted in a glasshouse at Provo, UT, USA from 2020-2021. Grass was grown in pots arranged in a randomized complete block, full factorial design, with four replications of each treatment. The moderate KBG was also significantly different from both high and deficit for verdure and for the last half of NDVI. The objective of the field study was to evaluate two HBG cultivars (‘Tahoma 31’ and ‘Latitude 36’) compared to a blend of KBG cultivars for water loss and canopy health, temperature, and growth when subjected to deficit, moderate, and high irrigation. The study was arranged in a randomized complete block, full factorial design with three replications per treatment, and was conducted at Provo, UT, USA throughout the summer of 2021. In both the glasshouse and field trials, the deficit irrigated KBG consistently scored lower for NDVI and visual turf quality than all other treatments, including moderate and high KBG. This same trend was seen in the field study for percent cover. Although not observed in the glasshouse trial, it was observed in the field trial that the different irrigation levels of HBG resulted in no significant differences for any measurements but the HBG regularly scored better than KBG. The canopy temperatures of deficit irrigated KBG were also higher than all other treatments on most dates. The shoot mass, thatch mass, and total biomass of KBG were significantly less than either HBG cultivar. In the glasshouse trial it was observed that all deficit grasses were significantly lower than the other irrigation treatments and HBG had significantly deeper roots than KBG, although these results were not seen in the field trial. The data suggest that irrigation needs will be less for HBG than KBG and that HBG could provide a water-saving turfgrass alternative to KBG in semi-arid, cool-season regions with increasing water scarcity.

A vegetation monitoring study was conducted from 1998 to 2013 at Camp Grafton South (CGS) in Eddy County, North Dakota to assess how climatic, grazing, and military training disturbance affects plant community composition. The objectives of this study were to 1) describe the prairie vegetation at CGS across three topographic positions and 2) explore any shifts in plant community composition in correlation with time. Frequency data was collected at 45 randomly selected transects on lowland, midland, and upland grassland plant communities on native prairie. Plant communities were compared using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination. NMS ordination showed that the three plant communities were distinct from one another, and that the frequency of the invasive graminoids Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss.) increased. Increases in precipitation, temperature, and growing season days appear to be the primary influence on the changes in plant communities from 1998-2013.

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Historically, the Kentucky Inner Bluegrass blue ash-oak savanna-woodland was the primary ecosystem of the Inner Bluegrass Region (IBR) of Kentucky. After European settlement, the majority (>99%) of Bluegrass savanna was converted to agricultural and urban land uses. Currently remnant savanna tree species are failing to recruit. Therefore, a long-term restoration ecology project researching competition and disturbance on seedling establishment, survival, and growth has been established at Griffith Woods (the largest remaining savanna in Kentucky) in Harrison Co., KY. Fourteen native hardwood tree species (a total of 6,168 seedlings) have been experimentally planted. Light, soil, surrounding vegetation, and herbivory, factors thought to influence seedling survival, have been initially assessed. Results show that soils differed spatially in P, Ca, Mg, Zn, pH, N percent and soil organic matter percent. Light was significantly reduced by diffusive filtering through vegetation. Vegetation biomass was influenced by pH and Mg. Initial seedling survival was high, but significantly differed by species type, location, and soil pH, Mg, and Zn. This research demonstrates that under a similar range of conditions, native hardwood tree seedling establishment is possible. Therefore, the potential exists to restore Bluegrass savanna-woodland in order to return proper ecological functioning into a degraded landscape.