Submitted by LIZANDRA FERNANDES MIAZAKI null (lizandrafmiazaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-18T13:59:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lizandra Fernandes Miazaki FINAL.pdf: 1415555 bytes, checksum: 30ab873a5ee74e11ad9187af979a4bac (MD5) / Rejected by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido não contém o certificado de aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão com o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-04-18T19:12:55Z (GMT) / Submitted by LIZANDRA FERNANDES MIAZAKI null (lizandrafmiazaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-05-03T14:30:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lizandra Miazaki com atestado.pdf: 1485604 bytes, checksum: a3af97a6b774bafe24203fda675024c2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-03T14:42:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 miazaki_lf_me_bot.pdf: 1485604 bytes, checksum: a3af97a6b774bafe24203fda675024c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-03T14:42:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 miazaki_lf_me_bot.pdf: 1485604 bytes, checksum: a3af97a6b774bafe24203fda675024c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O caranguejo Hepatus pudibundus possui ampla distribuição no litoral brasileiro, é intensamente capturado como fauna acompanhante (bycatch) na pesca dos camarões peneídeos, mas não apresenta valor comercial. No entanto, está sujeito aos mesmos impactos causados à espécie alvo. Em vista disso, a dinâmica populacional foi investigada no presente estudo, com enfoque nos seguintes aspectos: proporção sexual, maturidade sexual morfológica e gonadal, período reprodutivo, recrutamento juvenil, crescimento e longevidade dos indivíduos. Foram realizadas coletas mensais na região de Cananéia/SP entre julho/2012 e junho/2014 em sete estações de coleta, por meio de um barco camaroeiro equipado com duas redes de arrasto do tipo “otter trawl”. Temperatura e salinidade da água de fundo, o teor de matéria orgânica, granulometria do sedimento e a pluviosidade foram averiguados. Foram amostrados 1.650 espécimes. Os machos apresentaram-se maiores que as fêmeas. A proporção sexual foi desviada em favor das fêmeas. O tamanho estimado para a maturidade sexual morfológica e gonadal, respectivamente (LC50) foram 42,26 mm e 48,97 mm para machos e 43,09 mm e 47,15 mm para as fêmeas. As fêmeas reprodutivas ocorreram em todo o período e os juvenis foram amostrados na maioria dos meses. Ambas as categorias demográficas correlacionaram-se positivamente com a temperatura. Os parâmetros de crescimento apresentaram diferenças entre os sexos sendo: LC∞ = 78,91 mm, k = 0,0066/dia, t0 = 0,0965 para os machos e LC∞ = 67,68 mm, k = 0,0064/dia, t0 = 0,0032 para as fêmeas. A longevidade foi estimada em 1,91 anos e 1,98 anos para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente. O dimorfismo sexual possivelmente está relacionado às diferenças comportamentais entre machos e fêmeas. A proporção sexual desviada a favor das fêmeas provavelmente está relacionada à diferentes taxas de crescimento e mortalidade, restrição de alimento e uso distinto do habitat por cada sexo. Os valores estimados para maturidade morfológica foram maiores para as fêmeas, o qual favorece o sucesso reprodutivo da espécie pois, fêmeas com uma maior cavidade cefalotorácica podem produzir e exteriorizar um número superior de ovos em relação às menores. Em contrapartida, para maturidade gonadal estimou-se um maior tamanho para os machos, o que também pode ser favorável à reprodução da espécie, uma vez que, machos maiores se beneficiariam quanto a proteção e manipulação das fêmeas durante a cópula. Os resultados sugerem uma reprodução e recrutamento contínuos, os quais são típicos de regiões tropicais e subtropicais quentes, corroborando com o paradigma do efeito latitudinal, bem como os parâmetros de crescimento e longevidade. Os dados apresentados fornecem um maior entendimento a respeito do ciclo de vida da espécie. Adicionalmente, visto que as redes não são seletivas, o presente estudo também disponibiliza subsídios para um possível plano de manejo e gerenciamento mais abrangente da pesca de arrasto, abordando não só os camarões, mas também as espécies acessórias. / The crab Hepatus pudibundus is wide distributed in the Brazilian coast. The species has no commercial value but is intensely captured as bycatch of penaeid shrimp fishery, so it suffers the same impacts of the target species. In this view, the present study investigates the population dynamics, focusing on the following aspects: sex ratio, morphological sexual maturity and gonads, reproductive period, juvenile recruitment, growth and longevity of individuals. Sampling was performed monthly in the region of Cananéia/SP, from July/2012 to June/2014 in seven stations, with a shrimping boat equipped with otter trawl nets. Temperature and salinity of the bottom water, the organic matter content, sediment granulometry and rainfall were investigated. A total of 1,650 specimens were captured. Males were larger than females. The sex ratio skewed towards females. The estimated sizes for morphological and gonadal sexual maturity (CW50) were 42.26 mm and 48.97 mm for males, and 43.09 mm and 47.15 mm for females, respectively. Reproductive females occurred throughout the studied period and juveniles were captured in most months. Such demographic categories were positively correlated with temperature. Growth parameters showed differences between sexes: CW∞ = 78.91 mm, k = 0.0066/day, t0 = 0.0965 for males and CW∞ = 67.68 mm, k = 0.0064/day, t0 = 0.0032 for females. Longevity was estimated at 1.91 years and 1.98 years for males and females, respectively. The sexual dimorphism found in this study is possibly related to behavioral differences between males and females. The sex ratio skewed towards females may be related to different growth and mortality rates, food restriction and different use of habitat for each sex. The estimated values for morphological maturity were higher for females, which favor the reproductive success of the species; females with a larger cephalothorax cavity can produce and externalize a higher number of eggs in relation to minors. In contrast, the size of gonadal maturity estimated was higher in males, which may also be favorable to the reproduction of the species; larger males are in advantage when protecting and manipulating the female during copulation. The results suggest a continuous reproduction and recruitment, which are typical of warm tropical and subtropical regions, corroborating the paradigm of latitudinal effect as well as the parameters of growth and longevity. The data presented provide a greater understanding of the life cycle of the species. Additionally, since trawl nets are not selective, this study also provides information for a better trawl fishery management, addressing not only the target shrimp but also the bycatch species. / FAPESP: 2015/20382-0

Tese(doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, 2006. / Submitted by Cristiane Gomides (cristiane_gomides@hotmail.com) on 2013-10-17T11:14:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rony.pdf: 10786891 bytes, checksum: b328040ab64c0484414f024a80882be8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sabrina Andrade (sabrinabeatriz@ibest.com.br) on 2013-10-17T16:41:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Rony.pdf: 10786891 bytes, checksum: b328040ab64c0484414f024a80882be8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-10-17T16:41:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rony.pdf: 10786891 bytes, checksum: b328040ab64c0484414f024a80882be8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Foram estudadas a composição, abundância e distribuição da fase pelágica da Infraordem Brachyura do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos e sua região estuarina adjacente, nos anos de 1995 e 1999. Foram realizadas amostras quinzenais com uma rede cônica (com 165 cm de comprimento, 60 cm de diâmetro de boca e malha de 330 μm) equipada com fluxômetro. A duração dos arrastos foi de três minutos com uma velocidade de 2 nós, na superfície e no fundo em pelo menos 5 pontos do estuário e também em dois pontos da região costeira adjacente. Nestes pontos também foram medidos a salinidade e a temperatura de superfície e de fundo. Em 1995 zoés de 16 espécies pertencentes a 8 famílias foram capturadas com uma abundância total de 36034,17 zoés/100m3, sendo que na superfície a abundância foi de 14811,82 ind./100m3 e no fundo de 21222,35 ind./100m3. Foram capturadas megalopas de 20 espécies pertencentes a 7 famílias com uma abundância total de 2086,85 megalopas/100m3, destas 190,3 ind./100m3 ocorreram na superfície e 1896,55 ind./100m3 no fundo. No ano de 1999, foram identificadas zoés de 11 espécies de 6 famílias com uma abundância de 13486,85 ind./100m3, destas 7234,34 ind./100m3 foram capturadas na superfície e 6252,01 ind./100m3 no fundo. Megalopas de 11 espécies foram identificadas com um total de 2611,63 zoés/100m3, sendo 368,05 coletadas na superfície e 2243,58 ind./100m3 no fundo. O verão foi a estação mais abundante nos dois anos estudados com 78,44% da captura total de zoés e 83,14% de megalopas para 1995 e 55,81% de zoés para 1999. O outono foi o mais abundante para megalopas no ano de 1999 com 56,08% da captura total. Estes resultados sugerem uma maior atividade reprodutiva dos adultos e de recrutamento nas estações com temperaturas mais elevadas. O inverno foi a estação que apresentou a menor atividade. Das espécies identificadas de Xanthoidea, a que apresentou a maior abundância foi de Hexapanopeus caribbaeus com 84,09% e 79,63% de zoés e 41,88% e, 89,10% de megalopas da superfamília capturada em 1995 e em 1999, respectivamente. Para os Grapsoidea Chasmagnathus granulatus foi a que apresentou a maior abundância com 76,37% e 66,13% zoés e, 76,37% e 66,13% de megalopas capturadas da superfamília em 1995 e 1999, respectivamente. O gênero Pinnixa foi o que apresentou a maior abundância de zoés com 78,04% na superfície e 77,27% no fundo no ano de 1995. Em 1999, a abundância de zoés na superfície foi de 48,23% e no fundo de 54,61%. As megalopas de Pinnixa spp. não foram identificadas. Chasmagnathus granulatus e Pinnixa spp. foram as únicas espécies que apresentaram desova durante todo ano. Para Callinectes sapidus foi observada uma nova estratégia de eclosão, a qual ocorre durante a primavera e o verão no interior do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos o que era desconhecido até momento. Foram elaborados diagramas esquemáticos de dispersão e re-invasão das fases larvais de cada Superfamília e para as espécies da Superfamília Portunoidea. / Composition, abundance and distribution of the pelagic phases of the Infraorder Brachyura found in the estuarine region of the Patos Lagoon and nearby coastal region, were studied during 1995 and 1999. A conical net (165 cm long, 60 cm mouth, and 330 μm mesh, equipped with a flowmeter) towed for three minutes at 3 knots was used to sample. at least five stations in the estuary and two stations of the coastal region. Sampling was carried out on surface and deep waters. At each station, surface and bottom salinity and temperature were recorded. In 1995, zoeae of 16 species (eight families) were caught, resulting in a total abundance of 36034.17 ind./100 m³, from which 14811.82 ind./m³ and 21222.35 ind./m³ were found in surfacel and deep waters, respectively. Megalopae of 20 species (seven families) were caught, resulting in a total abundance of 2086.85 ind./100 m³, from which 190.3 ind./m³ and 1896.55 ind./m³ were found in superficial and deep waters, respectively. In 1999, zoeae of 11 species (six families) were caught, resulting in a total abundance of 13486.85 ind./100 m³, from which 7234.34 ind./m³ and 6252.01 ind./m³ were found in surface and deep waters, respectively. Megalopae of 11 species were caught, resulting in a total abundance of 2611.63 ind./100 m³, from which 368.05 ind./m³ and 2243.58 ind./m³ were found in surface and deep waters, respectively. Summer was the most abundant season in both years. In 1995, 78.44% of the zoeae and 83.14% of the megalopae found were caught in the summer, while in 1999 55.81% of the zoeae were caught in the summer. During Autunm megalopae was most abundant in 1999, summing up 56.08% of the total catch. These results suggest a higher reproductive activity, and recruitment, in warmer seasons. Winter was the season in which data suggest the weakest reproductive activity. Considering the identified species of Xanthoidea, the most abundant species was Hexapanopeus caribbaeus. In 1995, this species summed 84.09% and 79.63% of the total catch of zoeae and megalopae of this superfamily, while in 1999 figures were 41.88% and 89.10%, for zoeae and megalopae, respectively. For Grapsoidea, Chasmagnathus granulatus was the most abundant species, comprising 76.37% and 66.13% of the zoeae, and 76.37% and 66.13% of the megalopae caught in 1995 and 1999, respectively. The genus Pinnixa showed the highest percentage of zoeae (78.04% and 77.27% in surface and deep waters, respectively) in the year of 1995, while in 1999 the percentage of zoeae of this genus was 48.23% and 54.61%, in surface and deep waters, respectively. It was not possible the identification of megalopae of Pinnixa spp. It was observed a year round spawning only for Chasmagnathus granulatus and Pinnixa spp.. An unreported spawning strategy was observed for Callinectes sapidus, in which during spring and summer, spawning was observed into the estuarine region of the Patos Lagoon. Schematics diagrams of larval phases dispersion and re-invasion were elaborated to each Superfamily and to species of Superfamily Portunoidea.

No description available.

Ce travail s’est intéressé aux liens existant entre la stratégie d’exploitation développée par un crustacé ectoparasite et son comportement reproductif. Le crabe Pinnotheridae Dissodactylus primitivus exploite deux espèces Spatangidae vivant dans la Mer des Caraïbes, Meoma ventricosa et Plagiobrissus grandis. Des approches comportementales, démographiques et génétiques ont été adoptées afin de mettre en lumière le fonctionnement et la biologie de cette symbiose. Par son comportement alimentaire, le crabe occasionne des lésions tégumentaires sur ses hôtes. Celles-ci affectent la fitness de M. ventricosa, au travers de son développement gonadique. Dissodactylus primitivus exploite ses deux espèces hôtes de façon asymétrique. La reproduction des parasites se déroule sur les deux hôtes, alors que le recrutement ne s’effectue que sur M. ventricosa. Ce cycle vital asymétrique du crabe serait stabilisé par la qualité et la rareté de P. grandis. En outre, Le comportement sexuel du crabe sur M. ventricosa répondrait aux critères de la polygynandrie à femelles mobiles. Selon ce modèle, les mâles et les femelles se déplacent entre les hôtes à la recherche de partenaires multiples. Lors de ces déplacements, le crabe s’aiderait de son aptitude à localiser chimiquement ses hôtes. Néanmoins, ce mécanisme s’avère plastique et pourrait refléter l’asymétrie du cycle vital. En effet, cette différence n’a pas d’origine génétique, car les crabes vivant au sein du site d’étude constituent la même population quelle que soit l’espèce hôte considérée. Les marqueurs moléculaires microsatellites mis au point dans ce travail permettront lors de futurs travaux d’affiner les observations sur les modalités d’accouplement du crabe et d’estimer sa capacité de dispersion. / This work aimed to highlight the relationships between the host exploitation strategy of an ectoparasite crustacean and its mating system. The pea crab Dissodactylus primitivus exploits two Spatangidae species living in the Caribbean Sea, Meoma ventricosa and Plagiobrissus grandis. Behavioural, demographic and genetic approaches have been conducted to examine the functioning and biology of this symbiosis. Owing to its feeding behaviour, the crab wounds the host tegument. The wounds negatively affect M. ventricosa's fitness through its gonadic development. Dissodactylus primitivus asymmetrically exploits its two host species. The reproduction of the parasites happens on each host, but the recruitment only takes place on M. ventricosa. The asymmetrical life cycle would be stabilised par the quality and the scarcity of P. grandis. The mating system of crabs living on M. ventricosa would correspond to the Pure-search polygynandry of mobile females criteria. According to this model, the males and the females practice the host switching behaviour to find several sexual partners. During these movements, the crab could use its chemodetection ability to locate its hosts. However, this mechanism is plastic and presumably reflects the asymmetrical life cycle of the crab. This difference has indeed not a genetic cause because the crabs living inside the investigated region belong to the same population, whatever the regarded host species. In future studies, the microsatellites markers developed for this work could be used to test the mating system of D. primitivus and to estimate its dispersion ability.

Ce travail s’est intéressé aux liens existant entre la stratégie d’exploitation développée par un crustacé ectoparasite et son comportement reproductif. Le crabe Pinnotheridae Dissodactylus<p>primitivus exploite deux espèces Spatangidae vivant dans la Mer des Caraïbes, Meoma<p>ventricosa et Plagiobrissus grandis. Des approches comportementales, démographiques et<p>génétiques ont été adoptées afin de mettre en lumière le fonctionnement et la biologie de cette<p>symbiose. Par son comportement alimentaire, le crabe occasionne des lésions tégumentaires<p>sur ses hôtes. Celles-ci affectent la fitness de M. ventricosa, au travers de son développement<p>gonadique. Dissodactylus primitivus exploite ses deux espèces hôtes de façon asymétrique. La<p>reproduction des parasites se déroule sur les deux hôtes, alors que le recrutement ne s’effectue<p>que sur M. ventricosa. Ce cycle vital asymétrique du crabe serait stabilisé par la qualité et la<p>rareté de P. grandis. En outre, Le comportement sexuel du crabe sur M. ventricosa répondrait<p>aux critères de la polygynandrie à femelles mobiles. Selon ce modèle, les mâles et les<p>femelles se déplacent entre les hôtes à la recherche de partenaires multiples. Lors de ces<p>déplacements, le crabe s’aiderait de son aptitude à localiser chimiquement ses hôtes.<p>Néanmoins, ce mécanisme s’avère plastique et pourrait refléter l’asymétrie du cycle vital. En<p>effet, cette différence n’a pas d’origine génétique, car les crabes vivant au sein du site d’étude constituent la même population quelle que soit l’espèce hôte considérée. Les marqueurs<p>moléculaires microsatellites mis au point dans ce travail permettront lors de futurs travaux<p>d’affiner les observations sur les modalités d’accouplement du crabe et d’estimer sa capacité<p>de dispersion.<p><p>This work aimed to highlight the relationships between the host exploitation strategy of an<p>ectoparasite crustacean and its mating system. The pea crab Dissodactylus primitivus exploits<p>two Spatangidae species living in the Caribbean Sea, Meoma ventricosa and Plagiobrissus<p>grandis. Behavioural, demographic and genetic approaches have been conducted to examine<p>the functioning and biology of this symbiosis. Owing to its feeding behaviour, the crab<p>wounds the host tegument. The wounds negatively affect M. ventricosa's fitness through its<p>gonadic development. Dissodactylus primitivus asymmetrically exploits its two host species.<p>The reproduction of the parasites happens on each host, but the recruitment only takes place<p>on M. ventricosa. The asymmetrical life cycle would be stabilised par the quality and the<p>scarcity of P. grandis. The mating system of crabs living on M. ventricosa would correspond<p>to the Pure-search polygynandry of mobile females criteria. According to this model, the<p>males and the females practice the host switching behaviour to find several sexual partners.<p>During these movements, the crab could use its chemodetection ability to locate its hosts.<p>However, this mechanism is plastic and presumably reflects the asymmetrical life cycle of the<p>crab. This difference has indeed not a genetic cause because the crabs living inside the<p>investigated region belong to the same population, whatever the regarded host species. In<p>future studies, the microsatellites markers developed for this work could be used to test the<p>mating system of D. primitivus and to estimate its dispersion ability. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished