Orientada, sobretudo, por noções de complexidade epistemológica, esta tese desenvolve proposta de abordagem transdisciplinar integrando as quatro manifestações artísticas e o discurso da chamada \"cultura hip hop\" na cidade de São Paulo. Apesar da tendência às pesquisas mutiladoras dessa tradição compósita, este trabalho propõe uma visão integrada dos seus elementos, a saber: a dança (break), a produção de imagens (nesta tese, grafites e pichações), o canto de longos poemas (rap) sobre bases sonoras criadas por manipuladores de discos e outros recursos tecnológicos (DJs). Há ainda o \"quinto elemento\" - o \"conhecimento\" - ou os enunciados ligados aos referenciais culturais dos adeptos do hip hop. As manifestações corpóreas, pictóricas, rimadas e musicais são tomadas como narrativas e o discurso, como religioso. As narrativas, em geral, são líricas e poéticas nas imagens, épicas nas letras de rap, dramáticas na dança e paródicas nas mãos dos DJs. O conhecimento orienta a postura de praticantes e admiradores fomentando uma comunidade cultural sectária e dogmática similar às religiões de salvação. Para realizar esse percurso, o cruzamento teórico envolveu certos ramos da teoria da Literatura, da Filosofia, da Semiótica e da Sociologia. / This thesis seeks a transdisciplinary approach of the so-called \"hip hop culture\" in the city of Sao Paulo, aiming to comprise its four artistic manifestations and its discourse, chiefly based on notions of epistemological complexity. Granted, there is a mutilative proclivity on researching such a composite tradition. Nonetheless, this paper offers an integrated point of view of the said elements. That is, dance (break), imagery production (graffitti, in the context of this thesis), the chanting of long poems (rapping) over sonic bases produced by records and other technological resources manipulators (DJs). There is also a fifth element: knowledge, or the cultural statements of the hip hop suporters. Its bodily, pictorial, rhyming, and musical manifestations are taken as narratives, and its discourse, as a religious text. These narratives generally have lyrical and poetical imagery, and comprise the epic rap lyrics, the dramatic dance moves and the parodical creations of the DJs. This knowledge guides the hip hop followers\' and admirer\'s attitude, leading to a sectarian and dogmatic cultural community, much similar to those formed by the believers of salvation religious denominations. In order to achieve this goal, the author has assembled a theoretical cross-over with certain realms of Literary Theory, Philosophy, Semiotics, and Sociology.

Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-17T18:07:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Edemir Ferreiraseg.pdf: 991614 bytes, checksum: 192a76b64a95f8b7b49bb499259b45bf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-24T11:39:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Edemir Ferreiraseg.pdf: 991614 bytes, checksum: 192a76b64a95f8b7b49bb499259b45bf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T11:39:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Edemir Ferreiraseg.pdf: 991614 bytes, checksum: 192a76b64a95f8b7b49bb499259b45bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Essa dissertação objetiva analisar, os sujeitos, as motivações, as ações e os resultados do episódio conhecido como Quebra-quebra de Salvador em 1981. Baseada em fontes jornalísticas o estudo reconstrói os quatorze dias que abalaram Salvador, analisando dia após dia as ações dos movimentos organizados, dos partidos políticos e da multidão que ousou em roubar a cena, passando a ter um papel protagonista na luta contra o aumento das passagens de ônibus na capital baiana. O estudo aponta ainda, o papel do governo na repressão contra a multidão. Centenas de presos e feridos, mais de quinhentos ônibus depredados, uma dezena incendiado e uma forte turbulência política foram alguns dos saldos dessa batalha. / Salvador

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:19:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulietaSM_DISSERT.pdf: 960641 bytes, checksum: ba1f89209a5d2a5dfc3a474903ea2090 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-30 / In order to question a sociology as it considers appropriate the body dimensions, which contributes in a mean singular in relation to body, not only as a matter, but mainly as a producer of knowledge, our research shows a reflection on corporality as the production of knowledge and to understand different perspectives and social logic here in contemporaneity, whose rationality seems to be placed in question through a performance expressed, a lot of 'breaks', including the space, which the dancer break appropriates of a reversed form and not more than linear. Our problem is the possibility of a greater understanding of this young body with dance the break, is not only 'breaking' his body, but fluent in their own body fragments, producing probably a break in relation to a dominant power established, by creating a kind of 'social resistance' to provide another sense for his life, out of the senses by the dominant of a social field. This is the area of production of knowledge, of the 'body' that cries keep our eyes, the challenge of dive in the depth of gestures, beyond the physical structure, restoring in a strong political constitution and cultural in so far as this body faces. The body as spectacular becomes 'cause and effect' of communication, this body is not only individual, it is not expression only for itself; when the young dance outside their walls individuals, makes it relational, turning to relate with the other, with the space, time and the world. The methodological point of view, to study this corporality in element break, the body as language of senses, we considered withdrawals in the field, observations of movements of the universe of break creative dance, performance and analysis of "attitudes" (expression peculiar world hip hop ), as well as my experience with dancing in the street interventions through 'urban' and our own attitudes to the object of research which challenges us academically and, it all, existentially / No sentido de questionar uma sociologia que considere relevantes as dimens?es corporais de exist?ncia, que contribua em um pensar singular em rela??o ao corpo, n?o somente enquanto mat?ria, mas principalmente como produtor de conhecimentos, esta pesquisa evidencia uma reflex?o sobre a corporeidade como produ??o de saberes e como compreender diferentes olhares e l?gicas sociais presentes nesta contemporaneidade, cuja racionalidade parece estar colocada em quest?o atrav?s de uma performance que expressa diversas quebras, inclusive a do espa?o f?sico, do qual o dan?arino de break se apropria de forma invertida e n?o mais linear. Nossa problem?tica encontra-se na possibilidade de uma maior compreens?o deste corpo jovem que dan?a o break, que n?o est? apenas quebrando o seu corpo, mas fluindo em seus pr?prios fragmentos corporais, produzindo provavelmente uma quebra em rela??o a um poder dominante institu?do, criando uma esp?cie de resist?ncia social que lhes forne?a outro sentido para sua vida, fora dos sentidos dados pelo campo social dominante. ? nesse espa?o de produ??o do conhecimento, dos gritos corporais, que direcionamos nosso olhar, no desafio de mergulhar na profundidade dos gestos, ultrapassando a estrutura f?sica, restituindo em uma forte constitui??o pol?tica e cultural na medida em que este corpo confronta. O corpo enquanto espet?culo se torna causa e efeito de comunica??o. Esse corpo n?o parece ser s? individual, ele n?o se expressaria apenas para si. Quando o jovem dan?a fora dos seus muros particulares, torna-se relacional, passando a se relacionar com o outro, com o espa?o, o tempo e o mundo. Do ponto de vista metodol?gico, para an?lise dessa corporeidade no elemento break, do corpo, enquanto linguagem de sentidos, iremos considerar levantamentos em campo, observa??es de movimentos do universo do break dance, performances criativas e an?lise de atitudes (express?o peculiar do mundo hip hop), bem como minha experi?ncia com a dan?a na rua atrav?s de interven??es urbanas e nossas pr?prias atitudes diante do objeto de pesquisa que nos interpela academicamente e, sobretudo, existencialmente

Orientada, sobretudo, por noções de complexidade epistemológica, esta tese desenvolve proposta de abordagem transdisciplinar integrando as quatro manifestações artísticas e o discurso da chamada \"cultura hip hop\" na cidade de São Paulo. Apesar da tendência às pesquisas mutiladoras dessa tradição compósita, este trabalho propõe uma visão integrada dos seus elementos, a saber: a dança (break), a produção de imagens (nesta tese, grafites e pichações), o canto de longos poemas (rap) sobre bases sonoras criadas por manipuladores de discos e outros recursos tecnológicos (DJs). Há ainda o \"quinto elemento\" - o \"conhecimento\" - ou os enunciados ligados aos referenciais culturais dos adeptos do hip hop. As manifestações corpóreas, pictóricas, rimadas e musicais são tomadas como narrativas e o discurso, como religioso. As narrativas, em geral, são líricas e poéticas nas imagens, épicas nas letras de rap, dramáticas na dança e paródicas nas mãos dos DJs. O conhecimento orienta a postura de praticantes e admiradores fomentando uma comunidade cultural sectária e dogmática similar às religiões de salvação. Para realizar esse percurso, o cruzamento teórico envolveu certos ramos da teoria da Literatura, da Filosofia, da Semiótica e da Sociologia. / This thesis seeks a transdisciplinary approach of the so-called \"hip hop culture\" in the city of Sao Paulo, aiming to comprise its four artistic manifestations and its discourse, chiefly based on notions of epistemological complexity. Granted, there is a mutilative proclivity on researching such a composite tradition. Nonetheless, this paper offers an integrated point of view of the said elements. That is, dance (break), imagery production (graffitti, in the context of this thesis), the chanting of long poems (rapping) over sonic bases produced by records and other technological resources manipulators (DJs). There is also a fifth element: knowledge, or the cultural statements of the hip hop suporters. Its bodily, pictorial, rhyming, and musical manifestations are taken as narratives, and its discourse, as a religious text. These narratives generally have lyrical and poetical imagery, and comprise the epic rap lyrics, the dramatic dance moves and the parodical creations of the DJs. This knowledge guides the hip hop followers\' and admirer\'s attitude, leading to a sectarian and dogmatic cultural community, much similar to those formed by the believers of salvation religious denominations. In order to achieve this goal, the author has assembled a theoretical cross-over with certain realms of Literary Theory, Philosophy, Semiotics, and Sociology.

Work breaks during an individual's shift can be a powerful motivational tool for management; however, not all individuals receive breaks during their shifts. The purpose of this phenomenological, qualitative study was to explore how work breaks affect employee morale and satisfaction in the casual and fine dining restaurant industry. The questions explored in this study were related to the breaks effect employee satisfaction and morale in the casual and fine dining restaurant industry. Thirteen participants with a minimum of 5 years' experience as wait staff who worked more than 6 hours per day were interviewed using semi structured interviews. The results were analyzed using a modified version of van Kaam's method and MAXqda software. The results suggested that breaks did not directly affect employee satisfaction and morale; however, management style directly affected employee satisfaction and morale. The results from this study may help managers have a better understanding of how their interactions and dealings with employees affect employee satisfaction and morale. This research may spur a field-changing management training, which could promote positive social change for employees.

Master of Science / Department of Grain Science and Industry / Kingsly Ambrose / It is a well-known phenomenon that the break-release, particle size and size distribution of wheat milling are functions of machine operational parameters and grain properties. Due to the non-uniformity in characteristics and properties of wheat kernel, the kernel physical and mechanical properties may affect the size reduction process. The discrete element method (DEM) is a numerical modeling technique that can be used to study and understand the effect of physical and mechanical properties of a material on processing. The overall objective of this study is to develop a DEM model of the 1st break wheat milling process. In this study, different physical and mechanical properties of wheat mill streams were determined for using as the input parameters in DEM model development. The particle size and size distribution (PSD), true, bulk and tapped density, young’s modulus, coefficient of static and rolling friction, and coefficient of restitution were measured for wheat kernel, 1st break and flour from hard red winter (HRW), hard red spring (HRS), and soft red winter (SRW) wheat. Overall moisture content was found to have a greater significant effect on the physical properties i.e. density and PSD of the mill streams than material properties i.e. Young’s modulus, coefficients of friction and coefficient of restitution. The DEM model of 1st break wheat milling was developed using both single and multi-sphere approaches. The single sphere approach simulated the size reduction of a spherical cluster of bonded particles with mono-sized particles. The model was simulated for hard red winter (HRW) wheat milling at 16% moisture levels and validated using lab scale milling trials giving a PSD of 437.73 m with a percent deviation of prediction of 235.37. The deviation of prediction was reduced to 192.29 with a mean PSD of 371.52 m by conducting sensitivity analysis by modifying the shear modulus and coefficient of restitution values. In the multi-sphere approach, a bonded cluster resembling a wheat kernel in shape and size was used to simulate the milling process. The model predicted a 1st break PSD of 412.65 µm which had a deviation of 185.89 from lab scale and 156.78 from plant scale milling. The model could however satisfactorily predict the variation in PSD from 1st break milling with moisture content with reasonable accuracy. Future capabilities using the model include performing additional sensitivity analysis to understand the effect of other mechanical properties of wheat on the 1st break PSD. It can also be used to improve the 1st break release during wheat milling.

It is well known that a parental break-up in childhood has a negative influence on the intergenerational contact in adulthood. The intergenerational contact within dissolved families is less frequent than in intact families. Nonetheless, even among families that experienced a break-up in childhood, differences in contact frequency are observable. How come those individuals seem to be affected in different ways by a parental break-up? Previous research is lacking the answer to this question. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to contribute to research on dissolved families by exploring which conditions influence intergenerational contact among adult children and their divorced/separated parents. The data used in this thesis come from the Swedish Level of Living Survey and the analyses are conducted using OLS-regressions. First, it was verified that dissolved families have a less frequent intergenerational contact than intact families in contemporary Sweden, however, with the exception of the contact between divorced/separated mothers and their daughters. Second, the variation in contact among dissolved families is, to a large part, explained by differences in living distance between the adult child and the parent. Furthermore, it was found that conflict between the respondent and the parent in childhood has a significant influence on intergenerational contact in adulthood. The results thus highlight the importance of including childhood events other than the divorce/separation when investigating intergenerational contact.

Employees in many occupations deplete cognitive resources of attention and energy (Dodge, 1913; Kahneman, 1973), impacting performance on subsequent work tasks (Dalal, Bhave, & Fiset, 2014). Individuals spend upwards of 10% of formal work time taking a break completing non-work tasks (Esteves, 2013; McGehee & Owen, 1940) in an effort to replenish these resources (Fritz, Lam, & Spritzer, 2011; Kim et al., 2014). This study used a randomized controlled experiment to answer three questions that are new contributions to the literature. First, I explored if engaging in a specific activity (watching a funny video, meditating, or completing a different work task) during the microbreak helped induce recovery processes. Second, I questioned if an individual’s appraisal (psychological detachment, relaxation, and enjoyment) of the break impacted outcomes in addition to, or potentially more than, engaging in a break activity. Third, I investigated if the time duration (1-minute, 5-minute, or 9-minute) of the microbreak impacted outcomes. Results show that taking any break between work tasks allowed individuals to feel less fatigued, more energized, and more attentive. Surprisingly, in many instances a 1-minute break was just as effective as taking a longer break of 5 or 9 minutes, and for these shorter break periods, engaging in a different work task for a short period rather than disengaging from work was the best at improving attention. In addition, to increase feeling energized at work, appraising the break as being enjoyable was more important than the actual break activity. Combined, this study has both an academic and practical impact, finding that just like with work that depletes physical resources, short breaks also benefit employees engaging in work that depleted cognitive resources.

Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Keith Harris / The organic food industry experienced rapid growth over the past several decades. Typically, the majority of this growth is associated with the produce sector, but as consumers demand organic options for more food products, organic grains, dairy, and animal meat have emerged as viable food alternatives. There is currently a shortage of organic grains, specifically corn, to feed the livestock that provide organic meat and dairy products. This shortage has led to increased imports of organic corn in order to satisfy the domestic demand. Previous research comparing organic corn prices and profitability to conventional corn have shown organic corn production to be at least as profitable as conventional. With the declining value of cash receipts for conventional corn and the potential profitability advantage of organic corn, very few farmers are devoting acreage to organic corn in the U.S. This study seeks to determine potential economic reasons for this discrepancy. This research develops numerous production scenarios for organic corn in order to observe potential break-even yields a farmer could experience. For example, a nine-year low for price per bushel of organic corn was substituted in to actual values for current production to represent a possible break-even yield that could occur. In this study, the elasticity of organic corn is also calculated. The price elasticity of demand for organic corn gives insight as to how sensitive the demand is to a change in price per bushel. The findings in this study are expected to add insight to the reasons why U.S. farm production of organic corn is less than its domestic demand. It is hoped that famers will benefit from the results in this research in order to better understand organic corn production.

Spring Break, which has been transformed from a rather mild mid-winter vacation to a cultural rite over the past seventy-years, allows students to bring their values en masse to the host locations they visit. While only visiting these locales for a short time, college students nonetheless significantly impact the economic, public governance and socio-cultural processes of their Spring Break host locations. This dissertation explores the process of how and why students choose these locations and the impacts that occur as a result. A quantitative approach is used to determine the level of impact on a host location's economic, socio-cultural and public governance processes and what role city policies have in affecting these impacts. The data comes primarily from public sources – national, state and local – between 1995 and 2005. This investigation helps to answer the question ‘Is Spring Break worth the cost of the student impacts?' In doing so, it will allow for current Spring Break cities in the U.S. to determine what role the event plays in their future and provides potential Spring Break locations with the information necessary to determine whether or not to court the next generation of Spring Breakers.