• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 53
  • 41
  • 6
  • 3
  • 2
  • Tagged with
  • 106
  • 106
  • 106
  • 30
  • 20
  • 19
  • 18
  • 18
  • 18
  • 15
  • 15
  • 11
  • 10
  • 9
  • 9
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Rasgos de la territorialización en complejos productivos no tradicionales basados en recursos naturales : la apicultura en el sudoeste bonaerense

Estrada, María Emilia 03 June 2015 (has links)
La presente investigación busca caracterizar en términos productivos y económicos a los actores productivos e institucionales que conforman el complejo apícola nacional, particularmente en el recorte territorial del Sudoeste Bonaerense (Buenos Aires- Argentina), a fin de comprender la lógica de funcionamiento dominante; y, a partir de esta, evaluar los procesos significativos para el desarrollo regional en términos de valor añadido, generación de empleo, asociativismo, evolución de la institucionalidad local-regional, etc. y sus posibles senderos evolutivos. Esto remite a realizar planteos en torno a cuáles factores traccionan o limitan la generación de nuevos encadenamientos incidiendo de esta forma en la “densidad” de los entramados productos y por ende las modalidades bajo las que se territorializan sus encadenamientos - “desencadenamientos” productivos en el territorio. Dichas cuestiones indudablemente no pueden escapar de la consideración de distintos aspectos endógenos a los complejos como lo son las dinámicas económicas sectoriales, la presencia de agentes globales, el tipo las estrategias empresariales desplegadas en el eslabón núcleo del complejo, el mercado al que abastece, el impacto de las tendencias sectoriales mundiales, etc. Pero también se deben evaluar ciertos factores territoriales: la presencia institucional, existencia de redes no mercantiles que promuevan los procesos de innovación y aprendizaje colectivo, etc. Una vez identificados los mecanismos de governance del complejo resulta relevante testear si determinados espacios territoriales pueden actuar como una “incubadora” de ciertos procesos productivos de mayor impacto económico local/regional con capacidad para escapar de la lógica dominante. Si bien los enfoques para abordar este tipo de cuestiones son múltiples, en el análisis bibliográfico, prevalece el consenso de que estos deben plantearse desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria. La elección del complejo responde a la dinámica productiva desplegada por este en las últimas décadas, su posicionamiento en el mercado mundial y a las características tecno-productivas que plantean diferencias interesantes respecto de otros complejos agroalimentarios nacionales que resultan de interés con el objetivo de aproximar elementos a la discusión sobre las potencialidades de los complejos productivos no tradicionales basados en recursos naturales para desencadenar procesos de desarrollo territorial. / This research seeks to characterize in productive and economic terms the public and private parts that conform the national bee market, particularly in the Southwest of Buenos Aires Rasgos de la Territorialización en Complejos Productivos No Tradicionales Basados en Recursos Naturales. La Apicultura en el Sudoeste Bonaerense.(Argentina), in order to understand the dominant logic operating and to asses from this relevant processes for regional development in terms of added value, employment generation, associativism, local-regional institutionalism, etc. and its possible evolutionary pathways. This issue points to make an analysis about what factors foster or limit the generation of new chains, thus impacting on the "density" of the network and hence the modalities under which these chains –and unchains- are territorialized in the territory production. Those questions certainly cannot escape the consideration of various endogenous aspects of the bee complex such as the economic dynamics of the sector, the presence of global players, the market structure of each link, type of business strategies deployed by the core of the complex, the market it supplies, the impact of global industry trends, etc. But also there should be evaluated territorial factors: institutional presence, existence of non-market networks that promote innovation processes and collective learning, etc. Once identified the complex mechanisms of governance it is relevant to test whether certain territorial spaces can act as an "incubator" of specific production processes of greater economic local/regional impact capacity to escape from the dominant logic. While there are many approaches to address these issues, in the literature review there is a consensus that prevails stating that these features should be approached from an interdisciplinary perspective. The choice of this complex was taken regarding its production dynamics displayed in recent decades, its position in the global market and its techno-productive characteristics which pose interesting differences in comparison with other national agrifood complex (traditional and nontraditional) that are of interest to the aim of bringing elements to the discussion on the possibilities and limitations of resource-based production complex to trigger territorial development processes, which is a long-standing hypothesis in regional economic development theory.
62

Alternativas de manejo de áfidos limitantes de la producción de alfalfa en el Sudoeste bonaerense

Bizet Turovsky, Jorge Alejandro Jose 21 December 2018 (has links)
A pesar de los beneficios a corto plazo que se obtienen al utilizar insecticidas sintéticos convencionales para el control de plagas agrícolas, su uso continuo puede generar varios problemas a largo plazo (contaminación ambiental, eliminación de entomofauna benéfica, selección de individuos resistentes y daños a la salud humana). Esta situación lleva a una búsqueda permanente de métodos alternativos de control. En la presente Tesis se analizó la resistencia de cultivares de Medicago sativa L., la actividad insecticida, el efecto sobre la reproducción y la actividad repelente de los aceites esenciales de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. y de Mentha x piperita L. en adultos de Acyrthosiphon pisum H., Aphis craccivora K. y Therioaphis trifolii M. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). En 23 cultivares de M. sativa se evaluaron la resistencia por antixenosis y por antibiosis y la tolerancia. Los cultivares ACA 605, Brava y CW 194 resultaron antixénoticos. Los cultivares CW 194, CW 1010, EBC 90, Pampa Flor, Sirosal y Venus, poseen resistencia por antibiosis. Finalmente, Carmina, CW 194, CW 830 y SPS 6550 fueron altamente tolerantes al ataque de estos áfidos. La actividad insecticida de los aceites esenciales de E. globulus y de M. x piperita se evaluó a través de ensayos de inmersión propuestos por la FAO y por exposición a hojas tratadas. Los aceites esenciales de E. globulus y de M. x piperita producen toxicidad por inmersión y por contacto. El efecto subletal de los aceites esenciales fue evaluado utilizando el método de inmersión de hoja. Ambos aceites disminuyeron la progenie en las tres especies de áfidos evaluadas. Por otra parte, el efecto repelente se analizó mediante una prueba de elección foliar. Ambos aceites produjeron un efecto repelente en adultos de A. pisum, A. craccivora y T. trifolii. En consecuencia, los cultivares resistentes y los aceites esenciales de E. globulus y de M. x piperita tienen una potencial aplicación como herramientas dentro del manejo integrado de plagas. / Although the use of synthetic insecticides is really advantageous for the control of agricultural pests at short periods, their continuous use can generate several longterm problems (environmental contamination, elimination of beneficial entomofauna, generation of resistance and damage to human health). This situation leads to a permanent search for alternative methods of control. In this thesis were assessed the resistance of cultivars of Medicago sativa L., the insecticidal activity, the effect on the reproduction and the repellent activity of essential oils of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Mentha x piperita L. on adults of Acyrthosiphon pisum H., Aphis craccivora K. and Therioaphis trifolii M. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Twenty-three cultivars of M. sativa were evaluated for their antixenosis and antibiosis resistance and tolerance. Cultivars ACA 605, Brava and CW 194 were antixenotic. Cultivars CW 194, CW 1010, EBC 90, Pampa Flor, Sirosal and Venus, had resistance by antibiosis. Finally, Carmina, CW 194, CW 830 and SPS 6550 were highly tolerant to the attack of these aphids. The insecticidal activity of both essential oils was evaluated through two methods: toxicity by inmersion using the FAO dip test protocol and exposition to a pretreated leaf. Essential oils of E. globulus and M. x piperita produced toxicity by inmersion and by contact. The sublethal effect of essential oils on reproduction was evaluated using the leaf-dipping method. Both essential oils decreased progeny production of all the three aphid species evaluated. On the other hand, the repellent effect was analyzed by foliar choice test. Both oils produced a repellent effect on adults of A. pisum, A. craccivora and T. trifolii. Therefore, M. sativa resistance cultivars and essential oils of E. globulus and M. x piperita have potential applications for integrated management of this pest.
63

A greve de inquilinos de 1907 em Buenos Aires e o fenômeno do conventillo como metáfora de uma sociedade em transformação

Silva, Henrique De Aro January 2017 (has links)
Este trabalho trata de analisar a Greve de Inquilinos de 1907 em Buenos Aires, movimento grevista de cunho anarquista que obteve grande repercussão. Organizado por moradores dos Conventillos (cortiços), o movimento reivindicava melhores condições de moradias, além da redução do preço dos aluguéis. Ao nos aprofundarmos nesse contexto percebemos que por trás de um verniz glamourizado de cidade rica e européia Buenos Aires escondia uma face em ebulição, repleta de pobreza e conflitos políticos. De modo que as condições adversas desse meio excludente e seus implicadores acabaram por dar origem à uma cultura política de caráter marginal junto à população mais pobre. Passando pela análise de periódicos, documentos oficiais, da verificação das transformações urbanas de Buenos Aires, enxergamos na mobilização dos inquilinos, e no surgimento dos conventillos, o ponto de partida para uma percepção mais profunda daquele projeto de sociedade, que privilegiava, sobretudo, a manutenção de um status quo. Nosso referencial teórico abrange três eixos principais, que passam pelas teorias da marginalidade de Aníbal. Quijano, José. Nun e Lucio Kowarick, pela análise dos discursos políticos de J. G. A. Pocock, e chegando aos estudos culturais urbanos, de Angel Rama e Beatriz Sarlo. / This work analyzes the Huelga de Inquilinos of 1907 in Buenos Aires, an anarchist strike movement of great repercussion. Organized by residents of the conventillos (tenement houses), the movement demanded better housing conditions, besides the reduction of rents price. When we delve deeper into this context we realize that behind a glamourized varnish of rich and European city Buenos Aires hid a boiling face, full of poverty and political conflicts. Thus, the adverse conditions of this exclusionary medium and its implicators eventually gave rise to a marginal political culture among the poorer population. Going through the analysis of periodicals, official documents, the verification of the urban transformations of Buenos Aires, we see the mobilization of the tenants, and the emergence of the conventillos, the tip of an iceberg that allows us to have a deeper perception of that project of society, which privileged , Above all, the maintenance of a status quo. Our theoretical reference encompasses three main axes, which pass through the marginality theories of Anibal Quijano, José Nun and Lucio Kowarick, by the analysis of political discourses of J. G. A. Pocock, and arriving at the urban cultural studies, of Angel Rama and Beatriz Sarlo.
64

The architecture from within : a house for a woman from urban scale to specific detail

Auguste, Maria Veronica January 1995 (has links)
The main goal of this project is to achieve successful architecture regarding its creativity and authenticity. It is always the content, not the aesthetic, that forms the basis for the final evaluation of design. Thus, the main intention is to bring together -in a design- issues from three different circumstances: the 'present' situation -a personal view of femininity and women's permanency in dwelling, the 'past' cultural background -tradition in the "porteria" culture- and its evolution and the 'future' possible direction of society -the critical innovative thought through the project. The reaching of the 'concept' in the architecture makes a design authentic. "True architecture does not just agree with [essence] but also asserts the agreement." (Kaersten Harries, Representation and Re-presentation in Architecture, 1988). Ludwig Wittgenstein, an Austrian philosopher of the 1940's, defines architecture as the 'innovative critical thought' of a given situation summarized in a concept -idea, emotion, intention- which is translated and transformed into visual representation to be understood by the designer, and then communicated and shared with society."Remember the impression one gets from good architecture;that it expresses a thought "(Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1940's)The proposed approach concerns itself with the idea of un-veiling and re-vealing the hidden knowledge in the design actions that architects make in their search for realization. These actions are both conscious and unconscious, where accidents also occur allowing for the limitlessness characteristic of the design process. In this way, the objective of this journey of exploration is to find and visualize those steps that architects take while designing. The process of design is very rich in options and in alternatives. It is also rich in its detours and deviations. When all the stages are seen and visualized to the point of bringing them into the consciousness, the design in itself becomes richer and is taken to a further and more profound definition.The underlying ideas of the creative thesis is segmented into attitudes that give shape to the final project. Each attitude is a constituent concept of the end design. The blending and fusion of these diverse issues are perceptible in the final venture. These components begin appearing with the first attempt, evolve in the next various undertakings, and are finally intertwined in the last design."To explain howsbvctures come to hare specific designs[..) we must examine the design process. In particular, we mustidentify thegeneral causal factors (and their inteffeladonsfirp) that influence the decisions leadingto the designs for specific structures " (McGuire & Schiffer, 1938)The following is an enumeration of the attitudes or 'casual factors' that create the basis for the decisions taken along the design process. The basic foundation is the urbanity, the framework or system where the project takes place. This element comprises the urban context and the history of the place which eventually become the rules -the limits- set by the environment. The idea of dwelling also comes into play suggesting the need of permanency and the understanding of the concept of living and inhabiting a space. Next, the feminine component acts as a basis for reflections on femininity, where protection, subtlety and sensuality play important roles. This feminine attitude is carried not only thematically but also architecturally. Also, the culture is important in regards to tradition and contemporaneousness. The fact that the site is situated in Buenos Aires -Argentina- implies an understanding of its people and the values of its culture. Finally, the architectural component establishes personal beliefs toward architecture and the role of the architect in society along with the personal ability to realize the design. All these attitudes fuse together to become the final project: a house for a woman in Buenos Aires.In this way, the challenge is to work with and within the different limits and find the inherent freedom. "Architects are able to creatively play with these limitations and still achieve great responses to both their own intentions and today's society's needs" (previous research). This search carries various decisions regarding a balanced 'giving and taking', and a great deal of creativity. Certainly, it is in the creative 'way-finding' that architecture can express itself most gracefully and truthful. In conclusion, in this project there are limits regarding the contextual issues, rules and norms (urbanity), society's needs and beliefs (women issues), cultural constraints (tradition) and the architect's social responsibilities. In spite of these limitations and thanks to them, the intention is to 'seek for a solution' manipulating and creatively handling these limitations to achieve an architectural artifact. / Department of Architecture
65

Tomada de decisão conjunta entre modo e destino para carga de grãos no sul da província de Buenos Aires

Tapia, Rodrigo Javier January 2015 (has links)
O transporte de grãos é de importância para a economia da Argentina. Atualmente, 84% dos grãos produzidos pelo país são transportados em rodovias, afetando sua competitividade devido a sua grande influencia nos custos.Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a tomada de decisão de modo e destino dos consolidadores de grãos do Sul da Província de Buenos Aires. A partir de uma pesquisa de preferência declarada, conclui-se que a escolha de modo e destino é feita em conjunto. As variáveis relevantes para a escolha foram o preço FreeAlongsideShip no porto, o custo, a distância e a frequência do serviço. Os resultados estão em consonância com o encontrado na literatura, onde se destaca a modelagem conjunta e comportamental de diferentes etapas dos modelos de transporte e a inclusão de variáveis logísticas. Além disso, foram estimadas as elasticidades de cada alternativa e estudadas as curvas de iso-utilidade. Finalmente, foi realizada uma simulação de políticas de preço para a ferrovia, estudando a sua fatia de mercado, sua potencial arrecadação e o gasto total em transporte. / Agricultural trade is of great importance for Argentina. Nowadays, most of the crops transported by truck, affecting its competitivity because of its influence in direct costs. This study aims to analyze the choice process of the grain consolidatorsfromthe south of Buenos Aires province. From a stated preference survey, we conclude that the choice of mode and destination is made simultaneously. The relevant variables for the selection were the Free Alongside Ship price at the port, freight cost, distance and frequency. The results were consistent with those found in the literature, where behavioural joint modeling of different steps of transport models and the inclusion of logistics variables stand out. Moreover, price elasticities were estimated and iso-utility curves were studied. Finally, train price policies simulations were made observing market shares, expected incomes and total expenditures in transportation.
66

A greve de inquilinos de 1907 em Buenos Aires e o fenômeno do conventillo como metáfora de uma sociedade em transformação

Silva, Henrique De Aro January 2017 (has links)
Este trabalho trata de analisar a Greve de Inquilinos de 1907 em Buenos Aires, movimento grevista de cunho anarquista que obteve grande repercussão. Organizado por moradores dos Conventillos (cortiços), o movimento reivindicava melhores condições de moradias, além da redução do preço dos aluguéis. Ao nos aprofundarmos nesse contexto percebemos que por trás de um verniz glamourizado de cidade rica e européia Buenos Aires escondia uma face em ebulição, repleta de pobreza e conflitos políticos. De modo que as condições adversas desse meio excludente e seus implicadores acabaram por dar origem à uma cultura política de caráter marginal junto à população mais pobre. Passando pela análise de periódicos, documentos oficiais, da verificação das transformações urbanas de Buenos Aires, enxergamos na mobilização dos inquilinos, e no surgimento dos conventillos, o ponto de partida para uma percepção mais profunda daquele projeto de sociedade, que privilegiava, sobretudo, a manutenção de um status quo. Nosso referencial teórico abrange três eixos principais, que passam pelas teorias da marginalidade de Aníbal. Quijano, José. Nun e Lucio Kowarick, pela análise dos discursos políticos de J. G. A. Pocock, e chegando aos estudos culturais urbanos, de Angel Rama e Beatriz Sarlo. / This work analyzes the Huelga de Inquilinos of 1907 in Buenos Aires, an anarchist strike movement of great repercussion. Organized by residents of the conventillos (tenement houses), the movement demanded better housing conditions, besides the reduction of rents price. When we delve deeper into this context we realize that behind a glamourized varnish of rich and European city Buenos Aires hid a boiling face, full of poverty and political conflicts. Thus, the adverse conditions of this exclusionary medium and its implicators eventually gave rise to a marginal political culture among the poorer population. Going through the analysis of periodicals, official documents, the verification of the urban transformations of Buenos Aires, we see the mobilization of the tenants, and the emergence of the conventillos, the tip of an iceberg that allows us to have a deeper perception of that project of society, which privileged , Above all, the maintenance of a status quo. Our theoretical reference encompasses three main axes, which pass through the marginality theories of Anibal Quijano, José Nun and Lucio Kowarick, by the analysis of political discourses of J. G. A. Pocock, and arriving at the urban cultural studies, of Angel Rama and Beatriz Sarlo.
67

A greve de inquilinos de 1907 em Buenos Aires e o fenômeno do conventillo como metáfora de uma sociedade em transformação

Silva, Henrique De Aro January 2017 (has links)
Este trabalho trata de analisar a Greve de Inquilinos de 1907 em Buenos Aires, movimento grevista de cunho anarquista que obteve grande repercussão. Organizado por moradores dos Conventillos (cortiços), o movimento reivindicava melhores condições de moradias, além da redução do preço dos aluguéis. Ao nos aprofundarmos nesse contexto percebemos que por trás de um verniz glamourizado de cidade rica e européia Buenos Aires escondia uma face em ebulição, repleta de pobreza e conflitos políticos. De modo que as condições adversas desse meio excludente e seus implicadores acabaram por dar origem à uma cultura política de caráter marginal junto à população mais pobre. Passando pela análise de periódicos, documentos oficiais, da verificação das transformações urbanas de Buenos Aires, enxergamos na mobilização dos inquilinos, e no surgimento dos conventillos, o ponto de partida para uma percepção mais profunda daquele projeto de sociedade, que privilegiava, sobretudo, a manutenção de um status quo. Nosso referencial teórico abrange três eixos principais, que passam pelas teorias da marginalidade de Aníbal. Quijano, José. Nun e Lucio Kowarick, pela análise dos discursos políticos de J. G. A. Pocock, e chegando aos estudos culturais urbanos, de Angel Rama e Beatriz Sarlo. / This work analyzes the Huelga de Inquilinos of 1907 in Buenos Aires, an anarchist strike movement of great repercussion. Organized by residents of the conventillos (tenement houses), the movement demanded better housing conditions, besides the reduction of rents price. When we delve deeper into this context we realize that behind a glamourized varnish of rich and European city Buenos Aires hid a boiling face, full of poverty and political conflicts. Thus, the adverse conditions of this exclusionary medium and its implicators eventually gave rise to a marginal political culture among the poorer population. Going through the analysis of periodicals, official documents, the verification of the urban transformations of Buenos Aires, we see the mobilization of the tenants, and the emergence of the conventillos, the tip of an iceberg that allows us to have a deeper perception of that project of society, which privileged , Above all, the maintenance of a status quo. Our theoretical reference encompasses three main axes, which pass through the marginality theories of Anibal Quijano, José Nun and Lucio Kowarick, by the analysis of political discourses of J. G. A. Pocock, and arriving at the urban cultural studies, of Angel Rama and Beatriz Sarlo.
68

Tomada de decisão conjunta entre modo e destino para carga de grãos no sul da província de Buenos Aires

Tapia, Rodrigo Javier January 2015 (has links)
O transporte de grãos é de importância para a economia da Argentina. Atualmente, 84% dos grãos produzidos pelo país são transportados em rodovias, afetando sua competitividade devido a sua grande influencia nos custos.Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a tomada de decisão de modo e destino dos consolidadores de grãos do Sul da Província de Buenos Aires. A partir de uma pesquisa de preferência declarada, conclui-se que a escolha de modo e destino é feita em conjunto. As variáveis relevantes para a escolha foram o preço FreeAlongsideShip no porto, o custo, a distância e a frequência do serviço. Os resultados estão em consonância com o encontrado na literatura, onde se destaca a modelagem conjunta e comportamental de diferentes etapas dos modelos de transporte e a inclusão de variáveis logísticas. Além disso, foram estimadas as elasticidades de cada alternativa e estudadas as curvas de iso-utilidade. Finalmente, foi realizada uma simulação de políticas de preço para a ferrovia, estudando a sua fatia de mercado, sua potencial arrecadação e o gasto total em transporte. / Agricultural trade is of great importance for Argentina. Nowadays, most of the crops transported by truck, affecting its competitivity because of its influence in direct costs. This study aims to analyze the choice process of the grain consolidatorsfromthe south of Buenos Aires province. From a stated preference survey, we conclude that the choice of mode and destination is made simultaneously. The relevant variables for the selection were the Free Alongside Ship price at the port, freight cost, distance and frequency. The results were consistent with those found in the literature, where behavioural joint modeling of different steps of transport models and the inclusion of logistics variables stand out. Moreover, price elasticities were estimated and iso-utility curves were studied. Finally, train price policies simulations were made observing market shares, expected incomes and total expenditures in transportation.
69

Tomada de decisão conjunta entre modo e destino para carga de grãos no sul da província de Buenos Aires

Tapia, Rodrigo Javier January 2015 (has links)
O transporte de grãos é de importância para a economia da Argentina. Atualmente, 84% dos grãos produzidos pelo país são transportados em rodovias, afetando sua competitividade devido a sua grande influencia nos custos.Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a tomada de decisão de modo e destino dos consolidadores de grãos do Sul da Província de Buenos Aires. A partir de uma pesquisa de preferência declarada, conclui-se que a escolha de modo e destino é feita em conjunto. As variáveis relevantes para a escolha foram o preço FreeAlongsideShip no porto, o custo, a distância e a frequência do serviço. Os resultados estão em consonância com o encontrado na literatura, onde se destaca a modelagem conjunta e comportamental de diferentes etapas dos modelos de transporte e a inclusão de variáveis logísticas. Além disso, foram estimadas as elasticidades de cada alternativa e estudadas as curvas de iso-utilidade. Finalmente, foi realizada uma simulação de políticas de preço para a ferrovia, estudando a sua fatia de mercado, sua potencial arrecadação e o gasto total em transporte. / Agricultural trade is of great importance for Argentina. Nowadays, most of the crops transported by truck, affecting its competitivity because of its influence in direct costs. This study aims to analyze the choice process of the grain consolidatorsfromthe south of Buenos Aires province. From a stated preference survey, we conclude that the choice of mode and destination is made simultaneously. The relevant variables for the selection were the Free Alongside Ship price at the port, freight cost, distance and frequency. The results were consistent with those found in the literature, where behavioural joint modeling of different steps of transport models and the inclusion of logistics variables stand out. Moreover, price elasticities were estimated and iso-utility curves were studied. Finally, train price policies simulations were made observing market shares, expected incomes and total expenditures in transportation.
70

Análisis de eficiencia y elaboración de propuestas de mejora de la GIRSU en municipios del SO de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires y de Cataluña a través de modelos integrados por DEA y RNA

Cavallin, Antonella 20 September 2019 (has links)
En el presente estudio doctoral se aborda el tema de la Gestión de los Residuos Sólidos Urbanos (GIRSU) con el objetivo de describir los sistemas y analizar la eficiencia en la gestión táctica de los mismos. Para ello, se seleccionaron dos regiones de interés, el Sudodeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (SOBA) y Cataluña, a partir de los cuales se recolectaron los datos necesarios de 18 y 19 municipios respectivamente, para evaluar la eficiencia relativa de los mismos mediante el análisis DEA. Se realizaron diferentes modelos DEA, con rendimientos constantes y variables, para obtener distintos resultados, así como las recomendaciones necesarias para llevar los municipios hacia la eficiencia. Los resultados indican a Bahía Blanca como la única localidad del SOBA que registra la máxima eficiencia en todos los análisis, y a Terrasa en la región de Cataluña. Posteriormente, se utilizan los resultados obtenidos en DEA para entrenar Redes Neuronales Artificiales y formular modelos de Regresión Lineal, que ayuden en la toma de decisiones de largo plazo, respecto a la proyección de aumento de generación de RSU así como la planificación inicial de recursos para que los municipios del SOBA migren a un sistema de GIRSU que valorice los RSU, como el instalado en Cataluña. Los resultados muestran que sólo las localidades de Bahía Blanca, Carmen de Patagones, Laprida, Monte Hermoso y Villalonga, necesitarían ampliar su capacidad actual de camiones para migrar a un sistema por contenedores (además de adaptarlos con la tecnología necesaria), mientras que, en cuestión de disponibilidad de personal, todas las localidades muestran estar sobradas y preparadas para migrar a dicho sistema. / In the present thesis, the tactical management of Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSW) is addressed with the aim of describing the system and analyzing its efficiency. For this, two regions of interest were selected, the Southeast of the Province of Buenos Aires of Argentina (SOBA) and Catalonia, Spain. For this purpose, data from 18 and 19 municipalities respectively for each region was collected to evaluate the relative efficiency through the DEA analysis. Different DEA models were applied with constant and variable yields to obtain different efficiency results as well as the recommendations to enhance the efficiency of the municipalities. The results indicate that Bahia Blanca is the only SOBA locality that registers maximum efficiency in all the performed analyses. Similarly, Terrasa is the efficient locality in the region of Catalonia. Later, the results obtained in DEA were used to train Artificial Neural Networks and to formulate models of Linear Regression that support the decision-making process in the long run, considering the expected increment in the MSW generation waste. In order to migrate to a system that recovers the resources from waste, as it is performed in Catalonia), the municipalities from the SOBA Bahía Blanca, Carmen de Patagones, Laprida, Monte Hermoso, and Villalonga need to expand the current capacity of trucks to migrate to a system by containers (in addition to adapting them with the necessary technology). However, in regard to the availability of personnel, the localities do not require to make any adjustment.

Page generated in 0.1148 seconds