The aim of my diploma thesis is to design the object of a chalet, which is intended for recreation, boarding and accommodation. The accommodation is designed for 16 people in the form of tourist accommodation. The land, on which the proposed building is located, is on a slight slope, in an uninterrupted area in the protected landscape area of Poľana. Access to the land is secured by asphalt road from the northeast side of the land. It is also accessible by a tourist route from the southeastern side. The affected area is located approximately 10 km from the nearest village Hriňová. In the past, the site was often used for recreation. At a distance of 1 kilometer is the old mountain hotel Poľana, which is out of operation, but provides only temporary accommodation. The new chalet should return tourism to this area and increase the interest of tourists. The underground floor has a separate service for servicing and borrowing sports equipment. The building has one underground floor partially embedded in the terrain, from the south side accessible for the public. Two above-ground floors are made up of CLT panels, the first serving for a restaurant and a private dwelling unit, the second one for accommodation. The underground floor is designed with concrete filling blocks. The roof is a saddle, made of wooden collar construction. On the south side of the building is a large dormer.

New building projects make changes in infrastructure and it is the reason of changing some of the characteristics of pricing building plots. For example: transport accessibility and connection to utilities. Side-effect of large-scale residential development is rising the price of land by speculation, because the expensive new buildings are creating places of "Good address". New construction pushing the boundaries of built-up area and in anticipation of further construction will begin trading at higher prices. The aim is to provide a method of determining of new construction on market value of nearby building sites. The project will be primarily focused on building sites as defined by law. Determination of the impact will be made by a comparative method. As comparative examples will be used traded, valued or offered real estates in locations with some new housing constructions (e.g. cadaster Bystrc, Komín, Sadova). The result of the work will be usable for real estate valuation: 1. Methodology for correction of index of variations to effects of new construction. 2. Methodology for correction of index of variations to speculative component of price.

Varje år uppkommer det stora volymer av jord- och bergmassor vid jord och schaktarbeten. Dessa massor måste hanteras, ofta körs de iväg till deponering och ersätts med nytt material. Det finns inga exakta siffror på hur stora massor det rör sig om. Men uppskattningsvis så kör var fjärde lastbil i Stockholms län omkring med jord- och bergmassor på sin last, detta är både kostsamt och resurskrävande. Förr fanns det upplag och täkter centralt, men i och med förtätningen av Stockholm flyttas dessa längre och längre bort från byggnationerna, med resultatet att transporterna blir dyrare, samtidigt som det sker en långsam utarmning av jord- och bergresurserna. Återvinning av jord- och bergmassorna skulle innebära att materialet inte behöver fraktas runt, och nytt material behöver inte tillverkas. Idag finns det ingen som äger frågan angående dessa massor och det finns ingen klar bild över aktörerna som är inblandade. Syftet med denna studie är att genom en aktörsanalys och kvalitativa intervjuer klargöra de olika aktörernas roller samt ta reda på deras attityd gällande återtvinningstekniker. Studien syftar även till att ta reda på var i en lärandeprocess som aktörerna befinner sig på. Resultatet visar att branschen inte har någon helhetssyn och att många aktörer har möjlighet att påverka flödet av jord- och bergmassor. Det visar också att attityden till att använda återvinningsteknik är positiv, men att ekonomiska intressen är styrande i frågan. I resultatet går även att se att det inte går att dra någon generell slutsats om var någonstans i en lärandeprocess som branschen befinner sig i, men att det saknas utbildning och att otydliga regelverk hämmar utvecklingen. / Every year there arise large volumes of soil and rock masses at ground and excavation work. These masses must be handled, often driven off to the landfill and is replaced with new material. There are no exact numbers on how big the masses are. But approximately every fourth truck in Stockholm County drive around with soil and rock masses on their load, this is both costly and resource intensive. There used to be stockpile and open-pit mining more central, but with the densification of Stockholm these are moved farther and farther away from the building sight, with the result that transportation becomes more expensive, while there is a slow depletion of soil and rock resources. Recycling of soil and rock masses would mean that the material does not need to be shipped around, and new material does not need to be manufactured. Today there is no question about who owns these masses and there is no clear picture of the actors involved. The purpose of this study is that through a stakeholder analysis and qualitative interviews to clarify the roles, as well as find out their attitude regarding recycling techniques. The study also aims to find out where in a learning process which the actors are. The result shows that the building and construction industry does not have a holistic approach and that many actors are able to influence the flow of soil and rock masses. It also shows that the attitude towards using recycling technology is positive, but that the economic interests of are the ruler in question. In the result can also be seen that it is impossible to draw a general conclusion about where in a learning process the industry can be find, but missing of education and unclear rules inhibits the development.

Eftersom samhället ständigt utvecklas och det ställs allt högre krav på snabba lösningar och metoder måste byggbranschen möta detta behov och tänka från ett nytt perspektiv. I denna rapport har vi studerat de mest använda kontraktsformer totalentreprenad, utförandentreprenad och samverkansentreprenad. Samverkansentreprenad är en kontraktsform som inte är lika mycket beprövad som utförandeentreprenad och totalentreprenad. Det finns flera benämningar för samverkansentreprenad såsom partnering och tidig entreprenörmedverkan men dem är alla lika i hur beställaren jobbar med entreprenörer. I stora bygg och anläggningsprojekt med högteknisk komplexitet krävs det hög kompetens inom projektering. Dessa stora och komplexa projekt kan ibland vara problematiska då entreprenören i vissa fall inte har tillräckligt med teknisk kompetens vilket gör att det ofta uppstår stora förluster då ändring, tillägg och avgående arbeten samt andra oväntade händelser uppstår. Detta har fått många att tro på tidig entreprenörsinvolvering som lösningen av detta problem då beställaren kan dra nytta av entreprenörens erfarenheter. Därav syftet i rapporten har varit att undersöka möjligheten att höja effektiviteten samt förbättra ekonomin på ett bygg-och anläggningsprojekt med hjälp av samverkansentreprenad. Detta har gjorts genom litteraturstudier, intervjuer och möten med handledare på Trafikverket vid flertal tillfällen. Det som framkommit av studien om tidig samverkansentreprenad är att projekteringsprocessen blir väldigt lång men uppstarten av projekten blir effektiva. Däremot behöver modellen utvecklas mycket för att uppnå de resultat som efterfrågas. Det största problemet med tidig entreprenörmedverkan är att gemensamt komma överens om ett pris. / Because the society constantly is evolving and higher demand is made on fast solutions and methods therefore the building branch have to adapt and meet these needs and think from a new perspective. In this report we have studied the most common contract forms design plant and turnkey and Collaboration construction. Collaboration construction is a contract form that is not as proven like design plant and turnkey. There are several denominations for Collaboration construction such as partnering and early contractor involvement, they are all equal on how the purchaser is working with the contractor. In big construction and plant projects with high technical complexity it requires high competence in projection. These big projects can sometimes be problematic because the contractor has insufficient technical competence which causes big losses because of changes, additions and outgoing works and also other unexpected events. This has led many to believe that early contractor involvement could be the solutions to this problem since the purchaser could benefit from the contractor’s experience. Therefore, the purpose has been to investigate the opportunities to increase efficiency and improve the economy on a construction/plant project using interaction construction. This has been done through literature studies, interviews and meetings with our supervisor on Trafikverket at several occasions. The conclusion of this report is that early contractor involvement makes the design process very long, but the start-up of the projects become effective. However, this model needs to be developed to achieve the results requested. The biggest problem with early contractor involvement is to jointly agree on a price.

No description available.

<p dir="ltr">Pavement friction is fundamental to the safety of road networks. A precise assessment of friction levels is essential for the strategic development of maintenance practices and policies by state highway agencies. Typically, assessments of pavement friction have been conducted individually, focusing on particular segments of roadways. Nevertheless, this approach does not offer a thorough evaluation of roadway friction conditions at the network level. This study combines the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) and the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to evaluate the ratings of pavement friction throughout the entire state’s road system. A dataset oriented towards safety, serving as input for clustering models across various data dimensions, has been established. Through comparative and statistical analyses, six friction performance ratings have been identified and subsequently validated. The findings not only facilitate a deeper comprehension of the interrelations among friction levels, crash impact, and additional factors impacting safety, but also provide substantial insights for the advancement of road safety, management, and development.</p><p dir="ltr">Pavement markings play an essential role in regulating traffic flow and improving traffic safety. Beyond facilitating road safety via visual cues to drivers, the frictional properties of pavement marking surfaces are a pivotal element in safeguarding roadway safety. However, the friction characteristics of pavement marking surfaces have not been sufficiently investigated. Additionally, the integration of glass beads or other particles with pavement markings to enhance reflectivity and retroreflectivity complicates the study of their friction properties compared to bare pavements. To tackle these problems, this research utilizes the British pendulum tester (BPT), the circular track meter (CTM), the dynamic friction tester (DFT), and the three-wheel polishing device (TWPD) to evaluate the friction performance of various pavement markings. Eighteen specimen groups, comprising six types of markings (i.e., waterborne paint, preformed tape, epoxy paint, polyurea paint, MMA paint, and thermoplastics) with various glass beads and particles, were investigated to assess their impact on dry and wet friction, mean profile depth (MPD), and durability. The outcomes of this study serve as valuable resources for advancing safety measures and providing insights into emerging traffic management technologies.</p><p dir="ltr">Currently, there is an absence of established standards or methods for assessing and evaluating the friction characteristics of road markings. This lack of standardization has a pronounced impact on vulnerable road users-motorcyclists, bicyclists, and pedestrians-due to the potential for inadequate friction from road markings. To address the problem, this study has developed five friction levels based on the wet British pendulum number (BPN). Leveraging international standards and practical considerations, a tentative BPN range is advocated for crosswalks, symbols, and letters to enhance the safety of pedestrians and other susceptible road users.</p><p dir="ltr">Friction metrics, like MPD and friction number (FN), have been central to enhancing quality assurance and control (QA/QC) processes in chip seals. These metrics evaluate chip seal performance by examining problems such as aggregate shedding or significant bleeding, potentially leading to lower friction values or surface textures. However, instead of leading to slippery conditions, the loss of aggregate-particularly as a consequence of snow-plow operations-may result in the formation of uneven surface textures. The relationship between increased MPD or FN and enhanced chip seal quality is complex and not easily defined. This study introduces a groundbreaking method utilizing machine learning techniques, designed to improve the QC procedure for chip seals. A hybrid anomaly detection approach was applied to a dataset consisting of 183,794 MPD measurements, each representing the average mean segment depth (MSD) over 20-meter segments, gathered from real-world chip seal projects throughout the six districts managed by INDOT. A two-phase QC process, specifically tailored for chip seal quality assessment, has been developed. Validation analysis performed on four chip seal projects shows a strong concordance between field inspection, friction measurements, and the results predicted using the introduced approach. The developed method sets a foundational chip seal QC procedure, augmenting efficiency in acceptance processes and overall safety through data-driven techniques, while reducing the practitioners' time on site.</p><p dir="ltr">Surpassing the constraints of traditional approaches, this paper develops a series of scientific methodologies for evaluating friction on pavement and pavement marking surfaces through extensive in-field and laboratory experiments. Additionally, it establishes rational and efficient quality control procedures for chip-seal applications. The methodologies and conclusions presented in this paper can assist engineers in Departments of Transportation (DOTs) with ensuring the safety of all stakeholders, including road users, engineers, and construction practitioners. Furthermore, they offer valuable insights for the timely execution of road maintenance activities.</p>

Vom Baustaub umwölkt, vom Kreischen der Sägen betäubt und von den Chancen einer Neupositionierung beflügelt feiert das Deutsche Buch- und Schriftmuseum der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek in diesem Jahr seinen 125. Geburtstag. 1884 als Deutsches Buchgewerbemuseum in Leipzig gegründet gehört es zu den weltweit ältesten und nach Umfang und Qualität der Bestände bedeutendsten Museen auf dem Gebiet der Buchkultur.

The theme of my diploma thesis is Building and Technological Project for a residential building in Strážnice. This is a study of the implementation of major technological stages of object SO- 01 residential building, the project concerning the construction site installation, design the mechanical assembly, traffic solutions, technological process earthworks, foundation structures, piles CFA and reinforced concrete ceiling construction. The work includes further object schedule, financial plan, a detailed timetable for construction of residential building, the budget, the inspection and the test plan, safety hazards on a construction site in the implementation of the substructure object and thermal technical assessment of selected structures.

The content of diploma thesis is designing, project development and static estimation of the supporting steel structure in two different variants of the atypical office building (business center). The object is located in densely built-up location in the Brno. The building is designed as a seven storey. The entrances to the above ground floors are designed from balconies, which are roofed and situated on the edge of the object. The footprint dimensions are 57,6 x 57,6 m. Variants are compared based on weight and size of the coating surfaces supporting construction of the object. Drawing documentation, static calculation of joints and details of the construction are processed for the best variant.

Vom Baustaub umwölkt, vom Kreischen der Sägen betäubt und von den Chancen einer Neupositionierung beflügelt feiert das Deutsche Buch- und Schriftmuseum der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek in diesem Jahr seinen 125. Geburtstag. 1884 als Deutsches Buchgewerbemuseum in Leipzig gegründet gehört es zu den weltweit ältesten und nach Umfang und Qualität der Bestände bedeutendsten Museen auf dem Gebiet der Buchkultur.