Kulturarvet och komforten: Frågan om lämpligt inomhusklimat i kulturhistoriska byggnader under 1900-talet

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine the phases of development and the present state of the parsonages of the Evangelic Lutheran Church of Finland built before 1940. The study also surveyed the ownership and current use of preserved parsonages. A summary was compiled of what Finnish parsonages actually are today and an estimate was made of what their future could be like in light of the information on their renovation and condition acquired in this study. This study is divided into two main parts. The first part, primarily consisting of literary research, takes a look at parsonage construction and buildings in the overall setting of relevant legislation and historic and social changes. The development of parsonages as building types and courtyards was studied and the effects of structural innovations and customs on construction were examined. In this conjunction the development of the style of parsonages is covered from the 1600s to the present. The second part of the study examines the process of change in parsonages and their repair after the Second World War and analyses changes in milieus and scenery at the end of the 1900s. A significant part of the study consists of a look at the present use of the parsonages included in the study, as well as a review of questions related to their renovation and conservation. Parsonages protected by the Building Conservation Act are examined separately. To assess the current state of parsonages, a field study of 423 parsonages was made. This field study consisted of surveying the present condition of the buildings and milieus, determining their use and ownership, evaluating their chances of being preserved, and determining their history of renovations. Approximately 300 parsonage owners, renters and parish workers were interviewed and all the parsonages and their surroundings were photographed. Four parsonages, which are representative of Finnish parsonages with respect to age, location, history and use, are examined in this study as examples. In 1935 about one fifth of buildings used as parsonages were destroyed. Approximately 560 parsonages built before 1940 still exist. About half of the 357 parsonages owned by parishes are used as parsonages. After the war renovation has changed from upkeep to complete renovation. The examination of the current state and condition of parsonages indicated that too thorough renovation is the greatest threat to the buildings. The study looks into the possibilities and problems involved in the various uses and repair methods of old parsonages. However, it is not possible to present only one recommended model for use or renovation.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第19349号 / 地環博第142号 / 新制||地環||28(附属図書館) / 32351 / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎環境マネジメント専攻 / (主査)准教授 小林 広英, 教授 岡﨑 健二, 准教授 深町 加津枝 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM

Syftet med denna undersökning var att belysa tre aktörsperspektiv på den kommande renoveringsvågen av GotlandsHems byggnadsbestånd: fastighetsägar-, kulturvård- och brukarperspektivet. Utifrån dessa perspektiv ville undersökningen identifiera målkonflikter samt nyansera och problematisera den rådande diskussionen kring kulturvärden i GotlandsHems bebyggelse från 1930–1975 samt sätta in renoveringsvågen av GotlandsHems bostadsbestånd i en större nationell och internationell kontext. Frågeställningarna inkluderade huruvida kulturvärden tar någon plats i diskussionen kring den kommande renoveringsvågen av GotlandsHems bostadsbestånd och vilka målkonflikter, mellan vilka aspekter, som gick att identifiera. Renoveringsvågen place- rades i en större kontext genom sitt ursprung i EU:s gröna giv och Sveriges nationella strategier. En fallstudie med tre kvalitativa intervjuer och en innehållsanalys genomfördes. Analysen identifierade fem teman: oro för hyreshöjningar, kommunikation, för- delar med energieffektivisering, återbruk och varsam renovering. I diskussionen identifierades fem målkonflikter mellan aspekterna hyresgäster, affärsmål, energieffektivisering och kulturvärden. Slutsatsen var att kulturvärden har diskuterats rikligt med flera olika infallsvinklar av alla aktörsperspektiv i denna undersökning. Diskussionen har däremot inte riktigt fått den plats som GotlandsHem borde ha gett den i förarbetet inför renoveringsvågen. En tidig utredning i renoveringsvågens projekteringsprocess av kulturvärden i GotlandsHems bostadsbestånd kommer göra avvägningar och konflikthantering mellan affärsmål, energieffektivisering, hyresgäster och kulturvärden enklare. / The purpose of this study was to highlight three perspectives on the upcoming renovation wave of GotlandsHem's building stock: the property owner, integrated conservation and user perspectives. The study wanted to identify goal conflicts as well as nuance and problematize the current discussion on cultural values in GotlandsHem's building stock from 1930-1975. From these perspectives it also aimed to place the renovation wave in a broader national and international context. The research questions included whether cultural values are considered in the discussions about GotlandsHem's upcoming renovations and which goal conflicts, between which aspects, that could be identified. The renovation wave was contextualized with a walkthrough of EU's Green Deal and Sweden's national strategies. A case study with three qualitative interviews and a content analysis was carried out. The analysis identified five themes: concerns about rent increases, communication, benefits of energy efficiency, reuse, and careful renovation. The discussion identified five goal conflicts between the aspect’s tenants, business goals, energy efficiency, and cultural values. The conclusion was that cultural values has been discussed abundantly with several different angles from all perspectives in this survey. However, the discussion has not really been given the place that Gotland- sHem should have given it in the preparatory work for the renovation wave. An early investigation in the renovation wave's planning process of cultural values in GotlandsHem's housing stock will make trade-offs and conflict management between business goals, energy efficiency, tenants and cultural values easier.