The thesis named "The Application of self-management methods to prevent burn- out syndrome of the kindergarten headpersons" follows the objective to identify self- management methods and time and stress managements for kindergarten headpersons. In the theoretical section the work is based on findings about the kindergarten headpersons, their motivation, competence, self-management, self-reflection and regards also self- development. The work futher deals with burn-out syndrome, its symptoms and prevention methods, time and stress managements, tools and methods assisting time managements and refers also so called time thieves. Equally the work mentions the stress which is accompanying the headpearsons and describes the stress symptoms, its positive and negative efects on individual and describes also the prevention which should be helpful to control the stress situations. The theoretical section of the work is based on expert literature and explains terms and views of authors dealing with self, time and stress- managements. The research inquiry was aimed at identification of methods from the sphere of self,time and stress-managements applied by kindergarten headpersons within the frame of their self-management which are helpfull to prevent stress and consequent burn-out syndrome. The research iquiry...

M.A. (Clinical Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The Risk of Burnout in Primary School Teachers This diploma thesis deals with the risk of burnout syndrome in primary school teachers. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis provides an overview of the theoretical concept of burnout in teachers and the effects of burnout on their job performance and their personal life. The empirical part of the thesis introduces a qualitative research of the risk of burnout in primary school teachers who study the combined form of the 5- year Master's study programme at the Faculty of Education of Charles University, while working full-time. I interviewed several teachers who have been at the greatest risk of burnout, based on a questionnaire survey, about the factors that affect their mental health, about their perceived form of support and about their coping skills. Up to two-thirds of teachers experience exhaustion during their studies. Chronic stress, which is at the highest level during last years of the 5-year study programme, negatively affects their well-being, their family life and their physical and mental health. Key protective factors are problem-focused coping skills and work-life balance. The supportive attitude of the primary school management, as well as the attitude of the Faculty of Education towards studying teachers, can be also of...

Empirical research exploring the complex phenomenon of job burnout is still considered to be in its infancy stage. One clearly established stream of research, though, has focused on the antecedents of the three job burnout components: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. In particular, situational characteristics have received a great deal of attention to date. Four situational factors: (1) role ambiguity, (2) role conflict, (3) quantitative role overload, and (4) organizational support were included in this analysis to test their significance as predictors of job burnout. Another set of antecedents that has received far less attention in job burnout research is personal dispositions. Individual differences, most notably personality traits, may help us understand why some employees experience burnout whereas others do not, even within the same work environment. Four personality characteristics: (1) self-esteem, (2) locus of control, (3) communal orientation, and (4) negative affectivity were included to test their significance as predictors of job burnout. An on-site, self-report survey instrument was used. A sample of 149 human service professionals employed at a large government social services department voluntarily participated in this research. The main data analysis techniques used to test the research hypotheses were canonical correlation analysis and hierarchical analysis of sets. While role ambiguity showed no significant associations with any of the three job burnout components, the remaining situational factors had at least one significant association. Among all the situational characteristics, quantitative role overload was the strongest situational predictor of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while organizational support was the strongest situational predictor of personal accomplishment. The personality predictor set as a whole showed a significant relationship with each of the job burnout components, providing strong proof that dispositional effects are important in predicting job burnout. Among all the personality characteristics, negative affectivity was the strongest personality predictor of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while communal orientation was the strongest personality predictor of personal accomplishment. Comparisons between the personality and situational predictor sets revealed that personality characteristics were the stronger predictor for all three of the job burnout components. No interactions among the situational and personality predictors proved significant.

Social worker stress and burnout are pervasive problems that harm workers, organizations, and clients. Past research has identified burnout, a psychological response to work stress, as an important predictor of intent to leave and ultimate turnover. An emerging body of research has examined work engagement, considered to be the opposite of burnout, as a predictor of retention. The problem of burnout and turnover within organizations employing social workers has been addressed in the literature for many years. This dissertation responded to a call in the literature for a greater emphasis on burnout prevention and enhancement of workforce engagement and retention. The three goals of the study were: (1) to measure levels of work engagement; (2) to examine the psychometric properties of two new instruments that measure burnout and engagement; and (3) to use the Job Demands-Resources model to test a hypothesized model of the unique relationships between job demands, resources, burnout, engagement and intent to leave. Survey data were collected from 243 public child welfare workers employed with Oregon's Department of Human Services, Children, Adult and Families Division, Service Delivery Area 2 serving Multnomah County. Findings revealed that half of the workers were highly engaged and that engagement explained 18% of the variance of intent to remain employed. An alternative measure of burnout, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, demonstrated good internal consistency, convergent validity with the MBI, and explained 26% of the variance of intent to leave. A series of path analyses indicated support for a partially-mediated model. The findings demonstrate that burnout and engagement mediate the effects that demands and resources have on intent to leave. Supervisor support exerted both direct and indirect effects on intent to leave. The results support the inclusion of work engagement in burnout research, demonstrate the psychometric soundness of two new instruments to measure engagement and burnout, and support the applicability of the Job Demands Resources Model to a sample of social service workers employed in public child welfare. The findings indicate that job demands and resources play an important role in worker intent to leave. Research, education, policy, and practice implications are addressed.

Alcohol consumption has been linked to numerous adverse health and well-being outcomes; therefore determining what motivates individuals to drink is of utmost importance. One reason individuals may drink is to cope with work demands and their associated strain. This may be especially relevant for correctional officers (COs) as this occupation has been associated with high levels of job stressors and strain and heavy drinking. Drawing primarily on the job demands-resources and ego depletion models, this study examined how emotional job demands contribute to CO exhaustion and alcohol use. Additionally, interactions between common recovery from work experiences and exhaustion were tested to determine if recovery experiences could serve as a protective influence against work stress-related drinking. Participants were 1,370 correctional officers from 14 correctional facilities within the state of Oregon. Results indicate that exhaustion was positively related to both drinking quantity and drinking frequency and that emotional job demands had significant indirect effects on both types of drinking behaviors through employee exhaustion. The recovery experiences relaxation and detachment significantly moderated the relationship between exhaustion and drinking quantity, but not drinking frequency. Mastery experiences did not influence the strength of the positive relationship between exhaustion and either drinking outcome. These findings suggest that engaging in certain recovery experiences may lead to drinking fewer drinks on days when drinking, however the frequency of those days remains unaffected.

I have been interested in the topic I chose for my diploma thesis since I was deciding on my future profession. When it comes to the teaching profession, usually the idea of summer holidays attracts everyone. However, the stress that teachers face in performing this profession is not so much talked about. Therefore, I decided to learn more about this issue. This thesis deals specifically with stress in primary school teachers, to which teachers are increasingly exposed, and the word stress is very often associated with this profession. For several years I personally worked as a teaching assistant in a special school and now I teach Czech to foreigners at a primary school in Pilsen. Also for this reason, I decided to map the stress of primary school teachers. I would like to continue working in this profession, as well as working on my personal growth and finding a way to effectively prevent stress. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part, I define the terms load and stress first and cite some well-known authors dealing with this issue. I also describe the symptoms of stress of various kinds and its consequences for our health. In the following chapter I describe individual stressors, which have a significant effect on the teacher's work performance. The chapter describing...

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Nurses have been on the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic and experienced direct impacts over the last few years. Many encountered additional stressors of isolation from loved ones and the challenges of parenting school-age children. Additionally, due to the recent and significant departure of nurses from bedside nursing, there has been greater need for remaining nurses to precept new staff coming into the hospital. Some nurses assumed a preceptor role in addition to their direct care responsibilities. It has been reported that combined home and work-life burdens put nurses at higher risk of burnout, resulting in poor health outcomes and increased depression, anxiety, and stress. Mindfulness meditation is an evidenced-based tool to help acknowledge surroundings and to help to lower or decrease perceived stress. A randomized controlled design with a two-group pretest-posttest was used to evaluate the impact of a mindfulness smartphone application on the perceived levels of burnout, stress, anxiety, depression, and mindfulness of nurses. After taking a pretest, participants were randomized to either a waitlist control group or an intervention smartphone group. The waitlist group did not have any intervention during the 30 -day study period. The intervention group was asked to complete sessions via a smartphone mindfulness app for 30 days. The instruments used in this study were the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 questions (DASS-21), Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and the Mobile Device Proficiency Questionnaire 16 questions (MDPQ-16). This dissertation includes three reports based on the same dataset. The first report analyzed the effects of a smartphone mindfulness application on burnout in nurse preceptors. Results of the study indicated that a smartphone application can reduce burnout in the subscales of Personal Accomplishment and Depersonalization but not in Emotional Exhaustion. The second report examined the impact of a smartphone mindfulness application on scores of depression, anxiety, and stress of nurses. The study results indicated a significant improvement in the smartphone application group compared to the waitlist group for the variables of depression and stress. The third report evaluated the impact of the smartphone mindfulness application on the mindfulness levels of participants and the relationship between their technology proficiency to their interaction with the application. The smartphone group's mindfulness scores increased significantly compared to the waitlist group. However, mobile proficiency was not significantly related to the participants’ use of the mindfulness application. The findings of this study indicate that the use of a smartphone application can effectively increase mindfulness when used by nurses at the bedside. The smartphone mindfulness app also showed potential benefits in reducing self-perceived levels of several aspects of burnout, depression, and stress in nurses. Hospitals could choose to embed mindfulness principles into the hospital environment's culture or provide staff opportunities to practice mindfulness through a smartphone application during the day. Such mindfulness may decrease the consequences of burnout, which include increased nurse turnover, decreased quality of care, and high costs of recruiting and training new nurses. Further research is needed to study the long-term impact of using the smartphone application and the time required daily to show results

Most studies on the mental health of humanitarian aid workers have concentrated on sociodemographic variables or trauma exposure as predictors of psychopathological outcomes. However, less is known about the psychosocial and organizational factors contributing to occupational stress-related disorders in this high-risk occupation group. This mixed-methods, cross-sectional study sought to establish a psychosocial model for burnout and psychological distress among humanitarian staff that comprehensively tested the psychological effects of common adversities and workplace psychosocial stressors in combination. The model further investigated the potential mediating role of individual coping styles and the protective role of organizational psychological safety climate. N=111 full-time aid workers from 52 organizations in Bangladesh completed an online survey, and n=13 participants were followed-up with virtual individual interviews between December 2020 and May 2021. A stepwise model building process with path analysis established an integrated conceptual model with overlapping but distinct pathways from common adversities and workplace stressors to burnout. While greater exposure to both types of stressors was associated with higher levels of burnout and distress, workplace psychosocial stressors had a greater total effect on psychological outcomes than common adversities (β = .52, 95% CI [0.42, 0.90], p = < .001 vs. β = .20, 95% CI [0.03, 0.59], p = .032). Both types of stressors had indirect effects on burnout through negative emotion-focused coping (β = .12, 95% CI [0.30, 2.14], p = .007). However, only workplace stressors and not common adversities directly affected psychological distress (β = .45, 95% CI [0.09, 0.24], p = < .001 vs. β = -.01, 95% CI [-0.09, 0.09], p = .927). Expanded path models indicated that specific domains of stressors, namely, deployment-related interpersonal stressors, work-life interface, and work organization and communication stressors, significantly influenced psychological outcomes. Conditional process analysis showed that higher perceived levels of psychological safety climate buffered the adverse indirect effects of deployment-related interpersonal stressors via negative emotion-focused coping on burnout (β = -.21, 95% CI [-0.08, -0.01], p = .008) and distress (β = -.23, 95% CI [-0.03, -0.01], p = .005). Contrary to findings from the extant literature, sociodemographic variables (except psychiatric history), task-focused coping, and avoidance-focused coping were not significant exogenous variables. Thematic analysis of qualitative data yielded themes that largely converged with and elaborated on statistical results. Qualitative results offered additional insights about the “chronic emergency” organizational culture and professional attitudes of “martyrdom” unique to humanitarian aid workers, which may normalize and reinforce a high-stress work environment and minimized recognition of staff’s mental health needs. The psychosocial model, complemented with qualitative elaboration, can inform the development of evidence-based interventions for staff care. Reducing workplace stressors, improving adaptive coping, and enhancing the psychosocial safety climate of organizations may prevent and alleviate occupational stress-related disorders in humanitarian aid workers and other first responders.