Graduation date: 1994

The main problem under investigation was to determine whether or not statistically significant differences exist in the characteristics associated with stress-burnout tendencies and attrition rate of teachers prepared in a traditional elementary teacher education program and an experimental teacher education program.Secondly, the study examined the additional impact of an overseas experience in the experimental teacher education program. Results were analyzed to determine whether or not statistically significant differences existed between the experimental group and subgroup which went overseas.Population in the study consisted of the 1976 elementary education graduates of Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana. Two instruments were sent to the subjects in the study. One was an 18-item questionnaire developed specifically for use in this research, The Class of '76 Follow-up Questionnaire, designed to gather data related to stress, burnout, attrition, and degree of satisfaction with the teaching profession. The second instrument, The Tedium Measure, was developed by Pines and Aronson (1980) and has been used to measure burnout. Questionnaires were mailed to the population sample of 248, with 194 returned (78.2%).The program used for the calculation of group variances and the t-value was the SPSS-X, on the VAX computer. The t-test was employed to determine statistical significance between the responses of the various groups. The .05 level of significance was used as the criterion for significance.Findings Statistical significance of the difference between groups within the elementary education program at Ball State University was found in eight areas of The Class of '76 Follow-up Questionnaire.These findings support a conclusion that graduates who participated in the experimental elementary education (EXEL) program held more positive views of professional teacher education, teaching experiences, and future years in teaching.

This thesis reports on the procedure, results and analysis of four full scale fire tests that were performed at the University of Waterloo's Live Fire Research Facility. The purpose of these tests was to investigate the thermal characteristics of one room of the Burn House structure. Comparisons were made of Burn House experimental data to previous residential fire studies undertaken by researchers from the University of Waterloo. This analysis showed similarities in growth rate characteristics, illustrating that fire behaviour in the Burn House is typical of residential structure fire behaviour. The Burn House experimental data was also compared to predictions from a fire model, CFAST. Recommendations were made for future work in relation to further investigation of the fire characteristics of the Burn House.

Bakgrund: Livet förändras för individer som drabbats av en brännskada. Många får beståendeärr och funktionsnedsättning som innebär stora sociala, fysiska och psykiska utmaningar sompåverkar deras liv. Brännskada är ett trauma som uppstår när huden kommer i kontakt medvärme. Huden fungerar som skydd för inre organ, reglerar kroppstemperatur ochvätskemängd, fungerar som känsel och kontaktyta samt infektionsbarriär.Syfte: Syftet var att belysa individers upplevelser av livet efter en brännskada.Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie genomfördes baserad på kvalitativa och kvantitativavetenskapliga artiklar.Resultat: Resultatet visade att individer som drabbats av en brännskada upplevde sin kroppsom främmande och kände sig begränsad i vardagen på grund av funktionsnedsättning ochsynliga ärr. Stödet från närstående var ovärderligt för dessa personer och det hjälpte demgenom den långa rehabiliteringen. Upplevelsen av meningsfullhet var mycket viktigt och detfann individerna genom att ha ett meningsfullt arbete och bli accepterade av samhället.Konklusion: Det sociala nätverket har stor betydelse för individens förmåga att hanteraföljderna efter en brännskada och påverkar även individens psykiska tillstånd. Därför är det avvikt att involvera hela familjen i omvårdnaden. / Background: Life changes for individuals affected by a burn. Many suffer permanent scarsand disabilities with high levels of social, physical and mental challenges that affect theirlives. Burn injury is a trauma that occurs when skin comes into contact with heat. The skinserves as protection for internal organs, regulates body temperature and fluid volume, acts asa touch and contact area and infection barrier.Purpose: The aim was to highlight individual’s experiences of life after a burn injury.Method: A general literature review was conducted based on qualitative and quantitativescientific articles.Results: The results showed that individuals who suffered a burn injury experienced his/herbody as foreign and felt restricted in everyday life because of disabilities, and visible scars.The support from relatives was invaluable for these individuals and it helped them through thelong rehabilitation. The experience of meaningfulness was very important and the individual’sfound it by having meaningful work and be accepted by society.Conclusion: The social network is of great importance for the individual’s ability to deal withthe consequences after a burn injury and also affects the individual’s mental state. Therefore,it is important to involve the whole family in nursing.

This thesis reports on the procedure, results and analysis of four full scale fire tests that were performed at the University of Waterloo's Live Fire Research Facility. The purpose of these tests was to investigate the thermal characteristics of one room of the Burn House structure. Comparisons were made of Burn House experimental data to previous residential fire studies undertaken by researchers from the University of Waterloo. This analysis showed similarities in growth rate characteristics, illustrating that fire behaviour in the Burn House is typical of residential structure fire behaviour. The Burn House experimental data was also compared to predictions from a fire model, CFAST. Recommendations were made for future work in relation to further investigation of the fire characteristics of the Burn House.

Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva brännskadade personers upplevelser av livet efter en brännskada. Bakgrund: En brännskada är ett trauma för både kropp och själ och ett stort lidande för den drabbade. Fysiska förändringar och psykologisk kris gör vägen tillbaka svår. Genom medicinskt kunnande och genom att vara ett medmänskligt stöd har sjuksköterskan en viktig roll under både den fysiska och psykiska läkningsprocessen. Metod: Studien är en allmän litteraturstudie baserad på fem kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar samt en självbiografi, publicerade mellan år 2003-2008. Analysen innebar att meningsbärande enheter togs ut och sammanfördes till tre huvudkategorier med tillhörande underkategorier. Resultat: De brännskadade upplevde att livet efter brännskadan innebar stort lidande och gjorde att de inte längre kunde vara självständiga. De upplevde bristande tillit till sin egen kropp vilket ledde till ett försämrat självförtroende. För att kunna gå vidare i livet var det viktigt att finna vägar för att acceptera och hantera det som hänt. Efter hand kunde livet ses positivt och värderas högre. Flera olika faktorer hade stor betydelse för att de skulle kunna känna trygghet i sitt förändrade liv. Slutsats: För att sjuksköterskan ska finnas där som stöd för den brännskadade behövs djupare kunskap inom området, vilket gör att ytterligare forskning är betydelsefull. Kunskapen skulle kunna spridas vidare genom att brännskadade föreläser om sina upplevelser och att de som är insatta i ämnet handleder personal inom hälso- och sjukvård utifrån casemetodik. / Aim: The purpose was to describe how people with burn injuries experience their life after a burn injury. Background: A burn injury is a trauma for both body and soul and a big suffering for the person who is affected. Physical changes and psychological crisis makes it hard to recover. By medical knowledge and through human support nurses have an important role during the physical and psychological healing process. Method: This study is a literature overview, based on five qualitative scientific articles and one biography, published between the years 2003-2008. In the analysis meaning units were identified and brought together into main categories and sub categories. Result: People with burn injuries experiences that life after the injuries meant a great deal of suffering as well as a loss of independence. They experienced lacking trust in their own body, which lead to impaired self-confidence. To be able to move on in life, they had to find ways to accept and deal with what had happened. Several different factors were of importance to make them feel safety in their changed life. Conclusions: For the nurse to be able to be there for people with burn injuries, more knowledge of the subject is needed, which makes further research important. The knowledge could spread by the burn injured holding lectures about his or hers experiences, and by the well-informed tutoring health care staff and students using case methodology.

To assure nuclear power sustainability, ongoing efforts on advanced closed-fuel cycle options and adapted open cycles have led to investigations of various strategies involving utilization of Transuranic (TRU) nuclides in nuclear reactors. Due to favorable performance characteristics, multiple studies are focused on transmutation options using High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs). Prismatic HTGRs allow for 3-Dimensional (3D) fuel shuffling and prior shuffling algorithms were based on experimental block movement and/or manual block shuffle patterns. In this dissertation, a physics based 3D multi-directional reloading algorithm for prismatic deep burn very high temperature reactors (DB-VHTRs) was developed and tested to meet DB-VHTR operation constraints utilizing a high fidelity neutronics model developed for this dissertation. The high fidelity automated neutronics model allows design flexibility and metric tracking in spatial and temporal dimensions. Reduction of TRUs in DB-VHTRs utilizing full vectors of TRUs from light water reactor spent nuclear fuel has been demonstrated for both a single and two-fuel composition cores. Performance of the beginning-of-life and end-of-life (EOL) domains for multi-dimensional permutations were evaluated. Utilizing a two-fuel assembly permutation within the two-fuel system domain for a Single-Fuel vector, the developed shuffling algorithm for this dissertation has successfully been tested to meet performance objectives and operation constraints.

ABSTRACT This thesis gathered the actual Burn-In (BI) data from one of the leading cooperation in the semiconductor industry, and analyzed the major factors¡¦ impact on BGA package solder ball deformation. The Taguchi Method was used for these analyses, and the commercial statistic software MiniTab14 was widely used on this thesis. The solder ball stress was analized by using the commercial FEM software Ansys 8.1. Some electrical characters (such as device power) can be only observed from Burn-In process, but not static acceleration tests. These effects were fully discussed in this thesis. The analyses got the result that the smaller solder ball pitch/solder ball diameter causes the more serious solder ball deformation under the specific socket vendor precondition. Burn-In time are also a significant factor for solder deformation. Basically the longer BI time cause the more serious solder deformation. The device power effect is not significant within the power sampling range of this thesis.

The main aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a brief psycho-educational intervention for the key relatives of schizophrenic patients, on perceived expressed emotion of patients, and the expressed emotion and burn out of their key relatives. Seventy five schizophrenic patients and their key relatives were included in the study. They were assigned into three groups randomly. The key relatives in the first experimental group were given a one-day psychoeducational workshop and written material package about schizophrenia were provided for them. In the second experimental group, key relatives were only given the written material package about schizophrenia which was the same as that of the Experimental Group I. The third group was the control group received no intervention or any material. All of the participants including patients and key relatives were given the instruments of the study as pre-test. Two weeks after pre-test, the relatives in Experimental Group I and Experimental Group II were invited to the hospital without their patients. The first group participated in the psychoeducational workshop and they were given written material package and the second group was only given the written material package. Pre test was given to Control Group without any intervention. Two months later, the post&ndash / tests were applied to all of the key relatives and their patients. Overall the results indicated that a one day intensive psycho-educational workshop enriched with audiovisual components, written material package about schizophrenia and an interactive discussion part has a positive impact on the key relatives&rsquo / burnout levels, expressed emotion levels and knowledge about schizophrenia. Furthermore, although no direct intervention was conducted with the patients, the results showed that patients&rsquo / perceived expressed emotion levels were reduced as well. The results also showed that simply providing written material about schizophrenia does not have an effect on burnout levels, expressed emotion levels and knowledge of relatives and the perceived expressed emotion of their patients.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-102).