Submitted by Priscila Oliveira (priscila.b.oliveira@ufes.br) on 2016-07-12T12:40:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cp128327.pdf: 6590453 bytes, checksum: 5654758329fe7af83bec07339d8a3ffb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2016-08-15T18:10:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cp128327.pdf: 6590453 bytes, checksum: 5654758329fe7af83bec07339d8a3ffb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T18:10:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cp128327.pdf: 6590453 bytes, checksum: 5654758329fe7af83bec07339d8a3ffb (MD5) / Business process modelling basically comprises an activity whose main goal is to provide a formalization of business processes in an organization or a set of cooperating organizations (Recker, et al., 2006) (van der Aalst, et al., 2003). By modelling an organization’s business processes, it is possible to capture how the organization coordinates the work and resources with the aim of achieving its goals and strategies (Sharp, et al., 2001). Since business processes and goals are intrinsically interdependent, establishing an alignment between the process and the goal domains arises as a natural approach. This thesis reports on a real-life exploratory case study in which we investigated the relationship between the elements of the enterprise (modeled in the ARIS framework) and the goals (modeled in the Tropos framework and modeling language) which are attained by these elements. The case study has been conducted in the Rheumatology Department of a University Hospital in Brazil. In the course of the case study, we have identified the need of splitting this effort into three phases: the elicitation phase (in which goal models and business process models are captured from the organizational domain), the harmonization phase (in which the goal domain is structured for alignment according to the business processes structures that will support it) and the alignment phase (in which the relationships between the goal domain and the elements of the organizational domain are established). In order to investigate the relation between goals and enterprise elements, we propose an ontological account for both architectural domains. We recognize the importance in considering the business process as the means for implementing an enterprise’s strategy, but we do not exclude the remaining enterprise elements. Furthermore, we are concerned with both the identification of the relationships and with a classification for their nature.

The subject of the thesis is an process analysis in the company AiP Safe, Ltd. First, theoretical approaches and methods for organization and business process analysis are summarized. The best known modeling notations are also described. For the analysis of AiP Safe, Ltd. was chosen BSP method and for process modeling was chosen BPMN notation. The result of the work is a suggestion to establish strategic goals and strategies to achieve them, change in the organizational structure, optimization of selected processes, introduction of new metrics, introduction of new information system and recommendations based on the SWOT analysis.

<p>Information technology (IT) is becoming the primary factordetermining the survival of most organizations. The differenttypes of systems and the wide range of objectives suggest thatdiverse evaluation methods are needed. There is a critical needfor a new approach to managing IT investments, and solving theinformation paradox should be a business imperative for allmanagers today.</p><p>Evaluating IT investments introduces different types ofproblems that investment in traditional assets does notconsider. The focal point shifts from measuring hard andquantifiable benefits that appear on a firm’s incomestatement to measuring soft, diffuse, and qualitativeimpact.</p><p>The decision to acquire new information technology poses anumber of serious evaluation problems for managers because theavailable methods for IT investment evaluation are mostlystatic and they do not consider dynamism in decision-makingprocesses.</p><p>Common problems with the methods for evaluating ITinvestments are related to their inability to take account ofthe full range of potential benefits. There is a gap betweentheory and practice in relation to the use of any method formaking decisions and for continuous evaluation of ITinvestments.</p><p>This thesis presents a new approach to evaluating benefitsof IT investments in a dynamic way, an approach consisting of acombination of dynamic information workflow models and businessprocess simulation techniques. The proposed approach givesmanagers and organizations the possibility of implementingother models for measuring different metrics and aspects of ITinvestments.</p><p>A dynamic information workflow model of an electric utilityandsimulation essays are presented in order to show how theproposed approach is applied. The performance measure selectedfor running experiments was efficiency, which was characterizedby the following selected performance indicators: cycle time,resource utilization, and activity costs. Empirical data wascollected from case studies of different utilities in CentralAmerican countries.</p><p><b>Key words:</b>Business Process Modeling and Simulation,Evaluating IT Investments, Dynamic Information Workflow Model,Electric Utilities.</p>

O trabalho de qualquer organização pode ser representado e analisado através dos processos de negócio que desenvolve. O relacionamento da organização com clientes e fornecedores é implementado por processos de negócio, assim como a interface interna entre o nível estratégico e operacional da organização. Também o trabalho das áreas de engenharia, produção, financeira e gestão pode ser representado na forma de processos de negócio. O projeto ProWAP (Process Modelling based on Workflow Activity Patterns), desenvolvido em conjunto com o grupo de pesquisa em workflow da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e o grupo de pesquisa em Banco de Dados e Sistemas de Informação da Universidade de Ulm, na Alemanha, tem como objetivo criar uma abordagem de reuso de funções de negócio recorrentes. Estes fragmentos, ou funções de negócio recorrentes, são representados através de padrões de atividade de bloco para modelagem de processos e possuem uma semântica bem definida e auto-contida (THOM, 2006b). A modelagem de processos é baseada, hoje em dia, somente em elementos sintáticos, além de os modelos serem geralmente modelados desde o início, o que significa altos custos, tanto de tempo quanto financeiros. Uma ferramenta que ofereça suporte ao (re- )uso de estruturas recorrentes pode reduzir estes custos, uma vez que estas estruturas representam soluções a problemas semelhantes e podem, eventualmente, ser aplicadas a determinados problemas no contexto da modelagem do processo. De modo a prover ao usuário suporte ao reuso, pretende-se construir uma ferramenta de modelagem que tenha como base os padrões de atividade. Esta ferramenta, além de oferecer suporte ao reuso, pretende auxiliar o usuário, de maneira inteligente, sugerindo a ele diferentes padrões subsequentes aos padrões já modelados em seu processo. Para tal, este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de informações acerca de co-ocorrências entre padrões de atividade. Estas foram obtidas a partir de um estudo empírico sobre uma amostra de processos de negócio reais modeladas no Brasil e na Alemanha. A partir deste estudo, foram obtidos conhecimentos a respeito da co-ocorrência de pares de padrões de atividade. Além de obter um ranking de co-ocorrências, o estudo permitiu evidenciar que contextos de aplicação influenciam diretamente nos relacionamentos e associações entre padrões de atividade. / The work of any organization can be represented and analyzed through its business processes, which are performed inside the organization. The relationship between the organization and its clients and suppliers is implemented by business processes, as well as the intern interface between the strategical and operational layers. The work of engineering, production, financial and management areas can also be represented by business processes. The ProWAP project (Process Modelling based on Workflow Activity Patterns), developed in partnership between the workflow research group from Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul and databases and information systems research group from Ulm University in Germany, aims to create an approach based on the reuse of recurrent business functions. Those fragments, or recurrent business functions, are represented by blockactivity patterns that have a well-defined and self-contained semantics. Nowadays the process modeling is based only in syntatical elements. Moreover, the processes are usually modeled from scratch, which means high costs of time and money. A tool that offers a support to (re-)use of recurrent structures can lower those costs, once the utilized structures represent solutions to similar problems and can, eventually, be reapplied to particular problems in the context of process modeling. In order to provide support reuse to the user, it is intended to build a process modeling tool based on the workflow activity patterns. This tool, besides providing reuse support, aims to help the user, in an intelligent way, suggesting to him many subsequent patterns that follow the ones already modeled in his process. To this end, this work presents a set of informations about co-occurences between activity patterns. Those informations were obtained from an empirical study on a sample real business processes models which were modeled in Brazil and in Germany. From this study, knowledge about co-occurence between pairs of activity patterns was obtained. Besides obtaining a co-occurence ranking, this study allowed to evidence that application contexts influence directly on the relationships and associations between activity patterns.

The majority of organizations make their business processes explicit to improve them. Defining business processes manually and modeling them are two alternatives utilized for this purpose. Meanwhile, organizations have quality management systems which are frequently shaped by frameworks. The most commonly used process improvement frameworks in the IT sector are ITIL, Cobit, CMMI and ISO 9001. These frameworks indicate the necessity of process documentation and ISO 9001 addresses the name &ldquo / Quality Manual&rdquo / for this purpose. In this thesis, an automated tool is developed for quality manual generation from predetermined business process models. In addition, a case study is performed by means of a systematic approach and its results were discussed with the findings of structured interviews. The aim of the study is to reduce the effort and time required for quality manual preparation and merge quality management activities with process modeling by means of process documentation.

Process and data are equally important for business process management. Process data is especially relevant in the context of automated business processes, process controlling, and representation of organizations' core assets. One can discover many process modeling languages, each having a specific set of data modeling capabilities and the level of data awareness. The level of data awareness and data modeling capabilities vary significantly from one language to another. This paper evaluates several process modeling languages with respect to the role of data. To find a common ground for comparison, we develop a framework, which systematically organizes process- and data-related aspects of the modeling languages elaborating on the data aspects. Once the framework is in place, we compare twelve process modeling languages against it. We generalize the results of the comparison and identify clusters of similar languages with respect to data awareness. / Prozesse und Daten sind gleichermaßen wichtig für das Geschäftsprozessmanagement. Prozessdaten sind dabei insbesondere im Kontext der Automatisierung von Geschäftsprozessen, dem Prozesscontrolling und der Repräsentation der Vermögensgegenstände von Organisationen relevant. Es existieren viele Prozessmodellierungssprachen, von denen jede die Darstellung von Daten durch eine fest spezifizierte Menge an Modellierungskonstrukten ermöglicht. Allerdings unterscheiden sich diese Darstellungenund damit der Grad der Datenmodellierung stark untereinander. Dieser Report evaluiert verschiedene Prozessmodellierungssprachen bezüglich der Unterstützung von Datenmodellierung. Als einheitliche Grundlage entwickeln wir ein Framework, welches prozess- und datenrelevante Aspekte systematisch organisiert. Die Kriterien legen dabei das Hauptaugenmerk auf die datenrelevanten Aspekte. Nach Einführung des Frameworks vergleichen wir zwölf Prozessmodellierungssprachen gegen dieses. Wir generalisieren die Erkenntnisse aus den Vergleichen und identifizieren Cluster bezüglich des Grades der Datenmodellierung, in welche die einzelnen Sprachen eingeordnet werden.

The successful development and implementation of business information systems requires an integrated approach which includes the seamless design of both the business processes and the information systems supporting the business processes. Therefore, several frameworks and modeling methods have been developed for an integrated modeling of the entire enterprise with respect to both organizational and information systems aspects. Due to the architecture of most existing business information systems, these approaches were usually based on traditional software development paradigms rather than on object-orientation. On the other hand, object-oriented modeling methods used to cover only aspects which are close to implementation, but not the business processes. Currently, however, these two worlds are mov-ing closer together because there are several benefits using business process models during object-oriented software development. This paper describes an approach for integrating business process and object-oriented modeling methods. With this approach, it is possible to model the relevant aspects of a company’s business processes and its object-oriented information systems without the need for switching between different modeling paradigms or for trans-lating between different modeling languages.

This thesis considers the requirement engineering process from the small scale industries point of view. It begins with a brief introduction to software requirements and then proceeds to a detailed study of the requirement engineering process. The later part of the thesis considers Business Process Modeling and how it helps in understanding any business in a better way and how conceptual model helps in extracting business requirements from any particular business scenario. The Object Oriented Technique is used for building the conceptual model. The thesis concludes with a case study. / text

O trabalho de qualquer organização pode ser representado e analisado através dos processos de negócio que desenvolve. O relacionamento da organização com clientes e fornecedores é implementado por processos de negócio, assim como a interface interna entre o nível estratégico e operacional da organização. Também o trabalho das áreas de engenharia, produção, financeira e gestão pode ser representado na forma de processos de negócio. O projeto ProWAP (Process Modelling based on Workflow Activity Patterns), desenvolvido em conjunto com o grupo de pesquisa em workflow da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e o grupo de pesquisa em Banco de Dados e Sistemas de Informação da Universidade de Ulm, na Alemanha, tem como objetivo criar uma abordagem de reuso de funções de negócio recorrentes. Estes fragmentos, ou funções de negócio recorrentes, são representados através de padrões de atividade de bloco para modelagem de processos e possuem uma semântica bem definida e auto-contida (THOM, 2006b). A modelagem de processos é baseada, hoje em dia, somente em elementos sintáticos, além de os modelos serem geralmente modelados desde o início, o que significa altos custos, tanto de tempo quanto financeiros. Uma ferramenta que ofereça suporte ao (re- )uso de estruturas recorrentes pode reduzir estes custos, uma vez que estas estruturas representam soluções a problemas semelhantes e podem, eventualmente, ser aplicadas a determinados problemas no contexto da modelagem do processo. De modo a prover ao usuário suporte ao reuso, pretende-se construir uma ferramenta de modelagem que tenha como base os padrões de atividade. Esta ferramenta, além de oferecer suporte ao reuso, pretende auxiliar o usuário, de maneira inteligente, sugerindo a ele diferentes padrões subsequentes aos padrões já modelados em seu processo. Para tal, este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de informações acerca de co-ocorrências entre padrões de atividade. Estas foram obtidas a partir de um estudo empírico sobre uma amostra de processos de negócio reais modeladas no Brasil e na Alemanha. A partir deste estudo, foram obtidos conhecimentos a respeito da co-ocorrência de pares de padrões de atividade. Além de obter um ranking de co-ocorrências, o estudo permitiu evidenciar que contextos de aplicação influenciam diretamente nos relacionamentos e associações entre padrões de atividade. / The work of any organization can be represented and analyzed through its business processes, which are performed inside the organization. The relationship between the organization and its clients and suppliers is implemented by business processes, as well as the intern interface between the strategical and operational layers. The work of engineering, production, financial and management areas can also be represented by business processes. The ProWAP project (Process Modelling based on Workflow Activity Patterns), developed in partnership between the workflow research group from Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul and databases and information systems research group from Ulm University in Germany, aims to create an approach based on the reuse of recurrent business functions. Those fragments, or recurrent business functions, are represented by blockactivity patterns that have a well-defined and self-contained semantics. Nowadays the process modeling is based only in syntatical elements. Moreover, the processes are usually modeled from scratch, which means high costs of time and money. A tool that offers a support to (re-)use of recurrent structures can lower those costs, once the utilized structures represent solutions to similar problems and can, eventually, be reapplied to particular problems in the context of process modeling. In order to provide support reuse to the user, it is intended to build a process modeling tool based on the workflow activity patterns. This tool, besides providing reuse support, aims to help the user, in an intelligent way, suggesting to him many subsequent patterns that follow the ones already modeled in his process. To this end, this work presents a set of informations about co-occurences between activity patterns. Those informations were obtained from an empirical study on a sample real business processes models which were modeled in Brazil and in Germany. From this study, knowledge about co-occurence between pairs of activity patterns was obtained. Besides obtaining a co-occurence ranking, this study allowed to evidence that application contexts influence directly on the relationships and associations between activity patterns.

O trabalho de qualquer organização pode ser representado e analisado através dos processos de negócio que desenvolve. O relacionamento da organização com clientes e fornecedores é implementado por processos de negócio, assim como a interface interna entre o nível estratégico e operacional da organização. Também o trabalho das áreas de engenharia, produção, financeira e gestão pode ser representado na forma de processos de negócio. O projeto ProWAP (Process Modelling based on Workflow Activity Patterns), desenvolvido em conjunto com o grupo de pesquisa em workflow da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e o grupo de pesquisa em Banco de Dados e Sistemas de Informação da Universidade de Ulm, na Alemanha, tem como objetivo criar uma abordagem de reuso de funções de negócio recorrentes. Estes fragmentos, ou funções de negócio recorrentes, são representados através de padrões de atividade de bloco para modelagem de processos e possuem uma semântica bem definida e auto-contida (THOM, 2006b). A modelagem de processos é baseada, hoje em dia, somente em elementos sintáticos, além de os modelos serem geralmente modelados desde o início, o que significa altos custos, tanto de tempo quanto financeiros. Uma ferramenta que ofereça suporte ao (re- )uso de estruturas recorrentes pode reduzir estes custos, uma vez que estas estruturas representam soluções a problemas semelhantes e podem, eventualmente, ser aplicadas a determinados problemas no contexto da modelagem do processo. De modo a prover ao usuário suporte ao reuso, pretende-se construir uma ferramenta de modelagem que tenha como base os padrões de atividade. Esta ferramenta, além de oferecer suporte ao reuso, pretende auxiliar o usuário, de maneira inteligente, sugerindo a ele diferentes padrões subsequentes aos padrões já modelados em seu processo. Para tal, este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de informações acerca de co-ocorrências entre padrões de atividade. Estas foram obtidas a partir de um estudo empírico sobre uma amostra de processos de negócio reais modeladas no Brasil e na Alemanha. A partir deste estudo, foram obtidos conhecimentos a respeito da co-ocorrência de pares de padrões de atividade. Além de obter um ranking de co-ocorrências, o estudo permitiu evidenciar que contextos de aplicação influenciam diretamente nos relacionamentos e associações entre padrões de atividade. / The work of any organization can be represented and analyzed through its business processes, which are performed inside the organization. The relationship between the organization and its clients and suppliers is implemented by business processes, as well as the intern interface between the strategical and operational layers. The work of engineering, production, financial and management areas can also be represented by business processes. The ProWAP project (Process Modelling based on Workflow Activity Patterns), developed in partnership between the workflow research group from Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul and databases and information systems research group from Ulm University in Germany, aims to create an approach based on the reuse of recurrent business functions. Those fragments, or recurrent business functions, are represented by blockactivity patterns that have a well-defined and self-contained semantics. Nowadays the process modeling is based only in syntatical elements. Moreover, the processes are usually modeled from scratch, which means high costs of time and money. A tool that offers a support to (re-)use of recurrent structures can lower those costs, once the utilized structures represent solutions to similar problems and can, eventually, be reapplied to particular problems in the context of process modeling. In order to provide support reuse to the user, it is intended to build a process modeling tool based on the workflow activity patterns. This tool, besides providing reuse support, aims to help the user, in an intelligent way, suggesting to him many subsequent patterns that follow the ones already modeled in his process. To this end, this work presents a set of informations about co-occurences between activity patterns. Those informations were obtained from an empirical study on a sample real business processes models which were modeled in Brazil and in Germany. From this study, knowledge about co-occurence between pairs of activity patterns was obtained. Besides obtaining a co-occurence ranking, this study allowed to evidence that application contexts influence directly on the relationships and associations between activity patterns.