É necessário ter muita clareza sobre o que fazer e como fazer para que uma empresa satisfaça a expectativa do mercado em que atua, e o faça de forma rentável. Assim, a definição de uma estratégia torna-se altamente relevante no ambiente competitivo dos negócios. Uma vez definida sua estratégia, a empresa possui um desafio ainda maior: sua implementação. A implementação de uma estratégia, para ter sucesso, precisa ser constantemente monitorada, pois demanda uma ampla sincronia organizacional, envolvendo todos os seus departamentos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho buscou desenvolver um método de gerenciamento estratégico, a partir do alinhamento dos processos de negócio aos objetivos estratégicos da uma organização, com base nos conceitos de Balanced Scorecard e Business Process Management. Esse método foi aplicado em uma empresa concessionária do setor automotivo, segmento de caminhões e ônibus, e os objetivos atingidos neste trabalho evidenciaram a capacidade do método de contribuir para um melhor desempenho estratégico e operacional. / It is necessary to be clear about what to do and how to do so that a company meets the expectation of the market in which it operates , and do so profitably . Thus, the definition of a strategy becomes highly relevant in the competitive environment of business. Once defined its strategy, the company has an even greater challenge: its implementation. The implementation of a strategy, on the other hand, to succeed, needs to be constantly monitored, since it requires a large organizational synchrony involving all its departments. In this context, this study has developed a method of strategic management, from the alignment of business processes with the strategic objectives of an organization, based on the concepts of Balanced Scorecard and Business Process Management. This method was applied in a dealership of automotive vehicles, segment of trucks and buses, and the objectives achieved in this work demonstrated the method's ability to contribute to a better strategic and operational performance.

Em busca da documentação e otimização de seus processos, a área de Business Process Management (BPM) vem cada vez mais atraindo o interesse do meio empresarial, por ser um importante método no auxílio ao ganho de resultados, como redução de custos e aumento de produtividade. Modelar processos, entretanto, não basta. É preciso que se atente para métodos eficientes de armazená-los, permitindo que as informações sejam manipuladas e utilizadas de maneira prática e inteligente. A presente dissertação propõe duas abordagens para armazenamento de modelos de processo, uma em bancos de dados relacionais e outra em bancos de dados orientados a grafos, comparando-os através de aspectos como desempenho na execução das operações e proximidade da abordagem de cada um deles com os modelos de processos. Enquanto os bancos de dados relacionais são mais populares, sendo utilizados na maior parte das aplicações atuais, os bancos de dados orientados a grafos possuem propriedades e representação gráfica semelhantes aos modelos de processos. Foram realizados testes que visam analisar o desempenho de ambas as abordagens, além da facilidade dos usuários em interagir com os modelos propostos. Os resultados deste estudo podem ser utilizados para a criação de repositórios que compartilhem processos de maneira eficiente, bem como incentivar o estudo de novas maneiras para o armazenamento de processos. / Business Process Management (BPM) area has been increasingly attracted the interest of the business community because users are looking for documentation and optimization. These documents can be an important method in helping to gain results such as reduced costs and increased productivity. However, to model processes is not enough. It is necessary to pay attention to efficient storage methods, allowing information to be handled and used in a practical and intelligent way. The present article compares the use of relational databases and graph databases, considering aspects such as performance in the execution of operations and proximity of the approach of each of them with the process models. While relational databases are more popular, being used in most of the current applications, graph databases have properties and graphical representations similar to process models. The results of this study can be used to create repositories which can both share process efficiently, and encourage the study of new ways of storing processes.

Un nombre croissant d’entreprises internationales ont adopté les systèmes d'information centrés-processus pour profiter des avantages de l'utilisation de processus rationalisés basés sur des modèles prédéfinis, également appelés modèles de processus métier. Cependant, l'environnement commercial dynamique actuel exige de la flexibilité et la réutilisation systématique des processus métier, qui se manifeste par l'utilisation de modèles de processus configurables (CPM). Ceci évite le développement de processus à partir de zéro, qui est à la fois une démarche fastidieuse et sujette à de nombreuses erreurs, et facilite le partage d'une famille de variantes de processus métier pouvant être personnalisées en fonction d'exigences métier concrètes. Par ailleurs, l'adoption des ressources de l'Internet des objets (IoT) dans les processus d'entreprise inter-organisationnels est également en croissante constante. Cependant, ces ressources IoT doivent être utilisées efficacement. Ces dispositifs IoT sont hétérogènes en raison de leurs propriétés et de leurs fabricants (normes propriétaires), ce qui pose des problèmes d’interopérabilité. De plus, étant limitées, elles doivent être allouées (et consommées) en gardant à l'esprit des contraintes, tels que le coût énergétique, le coût de calcul, etc. pour éviter les pannes pendant leurs consommations par les processus. Il est donc essentiel de modéliser explicitement la perspective des ressources IoT dans les modèles de processus métiers lors de la phase de conception. Dans la littérature, divers travaux de recherche dans le domaine de gestion des processus métier (BPM) sont généralement axés sur la perspective du flux de contrôle. Bien qu'il existe certaines approches axées sur la perspective des ressources, elles sont généralement dédiées à la perspective des ressources humaines. Ainsi, les travaux sur l'intégration de la perspective des ressources IoT dans les processus métier sont limités pour résoudre des problèmes liés à l'hétérogénéité. De même, dans le contexte des CPM, il n’existe aucune prise en charge de la configuration permettant de modéliser la variabilité des ressources IoT au niveau des CPM. Cette variabilité résulte des fonctionnalités spécifiques aux ressources IoT, telles que la possibilité de partage, et réplication, qui sont pertinentes dans le contexte des processus métier. Dans cette thèse, nous abordons les limitations susmentionnées en proposant une approche pour intégrer la perspective IoT dans le domaine du BPM et soutenir le développement de CPM. Ce travail propose les contributions suivantes: (1) il fournit une description formelle de la perspective des ressources IoT, et de ses relations avec le domaine BPM à l'aide de la technologie sémantique, et (2) il fournit de nouveaux concepts pour permettre l'allocation de ressources IoT configurables dans les CPM. Pour valider notre approche et démontrer sa faisabilité, nous procédons comme suit: (1) implémenter des outils preuve de concept qui soutiennent le développement de processus métier et de modèles de processus configurables conscient des IoT, et (2) réaliser des expérimentations sur des jeux de données de modèles de processus qui démontrent l’efficacité de notre approche et affirment sa faisabilité / On the one hand, a growing number of multi-national organizations have embraced the Process-Aware Information Systems (PAIS) to reap the benefits of using streamlined processes that are based on predefined models, also called as Business Process (BP) models. However, today's dynamic business environment demands flexibility and systematic reuse of BPs, which is provided by the use of Configurable Process Models (CPMs). It avoids the development of processes from scratch, which is both time-consuming and error-prone, and facilitates the sharing of a family of BP variants that can be customized based on concrete business requirements. On the other hand, the adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) resources in various cross-organizational BPs is also on a rise. However, to attain the desired business value, these IoT resources must be used efficiently. These IoT devices are heterogeneous due to their diverse properties and manufactures (proprietary standards), which leads to issues related to interoperability. Further, being resource-constrained, they need to be allocated (and consumed) keeping in the mind relevant constraints such as energy cost, computation cost, to avoid failures during the time of their consumption in the processes. Thus, it is essential to explicitly model the IoT resource perspective in the BP models during the process design phase. In the literature, various research works in Business Process Management (BPM) domain are usually focused on the control-flow perspective. While there do exist some approaches that focus on the resource perspective, they are typically dedicated to the human resource perspective. Thus, there is limited work on integrating the IoT resource perspective into BPs, without any focus on solving issues related to heterogeneity in IoT domain. Likewise, in the context of CPMs, there is no configuration support to model IoT resource variability at the CPM level. This variability is a result of specific IoT resource features such as Shareability and Replication that is relevant in the context of BPs. In this thesis, we address the aforementioned limitations by proposing an approach to integrate IoT perspective in the BPM domain and to support the development of IoT-Aware CPMs. This work contributes in the following manner: (1) it provides a formal description of the IoT resource perspective and its relationships with the BPM domain using semantic technology and (2) it provides novel concepts to enable configurable IoT resource allocation in CPMs. To validate our approach and to show its feasibility, we do the following: (1) implement proof of concept tools that assist in the development of IoT-aware BPs and IoT-aware CPMs and (2) perform experiments on the process model datasets. The experimentation results show the effectiveness of our approach and affirm its feasibility

This master‘s thesis focuses on assessment of a particular part of information system of selected company and its ICT modification proposal. This thesis explains the problematics of information systems, business process management (BPM) and robotic process automation (RPA) in its theoretical part, then focuses on the current situation and detailed analysis of the selected business process. The final part provides a modification proposal using business process management and robotic process automation technology. The aim of the thesis is to design a solution that will optimize information system via process automation and robotization thus reducing work time, error rate and costs while increasing efficiency of this company.

This master’s thesis deals with the problems concerning the order process control in the company. The reader will find the most important theoretical definitions relating to the order process control. The analysis of the order process control in the company TOS KUŘIM – OS, a. s. is presented. The contribubution of this master´s thesisis the optimalization of actuall state proces of order in this organization.

Firma PEGRES obuv s.r.o. se již delší dobu potýká se stagnací v oblasti plánování a řízení výroby. Některé podnikové procesy jsou nyní značně zastaralé a v aktuálních podmínkách již neefektivní. Cíl práce je snížení nákladů s využitím procesní analýzy. Pro dosažení tohoto cíle bude provedena analýza současného stavu zastaralých procesů a budou popsány vybrané metody řízení výroby, které jsou svou povahou relevantní pro výrobu obuvi. Výstupem práce je sada doporučení a návrhů na změny v existujících procesech. Vybrané návrhy budou v prostředí firmy implementovány a práce zahrne zhodnocení výsledků po zavedení těchto změn.

Real estate development (RED) businesses are critical to closing the housing deficit gap in Nigeria. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies that successful business managers used to improve and sustain their business performance in Nigeria. The 7FE business process management framework was the conceptual framework used. Primary research data were collected through semistructured interviews held with a purposive population sample of 5 business managers who successfully improved and sustained their business performance in the Nigeria real estate sector. Secondary data were collected from company and public documents and extant literature. Data were analyzed using computer-aided data analysis software and methodological triangulation. Ten emergent themes were identified: business strategy; commitment to quality and building trust; industry and market research; training and knowledge acquisition; innovation and reward systems; operational effectiveness and project portfolio management; minimizing costs and financial leverage; marketing, promotions, and strategic partnerships; measuring business performance and assessing strategic success; and change management and documenting lessons learned. The implications of this study for positive social change include the potential to increase the number of sustainable RED businesses in Nigeria, providing more employment, housing for more people, offering better living conditions, improving quality of life, and contributing to both local and national economies.

In dieser Arbeit wird ein Ansatz zur automatischen Berechnung und Ausführung von strukturellen Anpassungsmöglichkeiten für Workflows auf Basis von Kontextinformationen entwickelt. Zur Sicherstellung der semantischen Korrektheit der Anpassungsmöglichkeiten werden zwei Arten von Einschränkungen berücksichtigt: Zustandsbezogene Einschränkungen (ZBE) und Aktivitätsabhängigkeiten (AA). ZBEs spezifizieren Einschränkungen zwischen Anpassungsoperationen und dem Ausführungszustand des Workflows. AAs beschreiben temporale Beziehungen zwischen Aktivitäten eines Workflows.

Offentlig verksamhet har historiskt legat i den digitala utvecklingens kölvatten. Delvis på grund av ett lägre intresse för effektivisering och lönsamhet, men också på grund av dess komplexitet i form av storlek, politiska förutsättningar och regulatoriska ramar. Denna utveckling har i olika grad börjat vända och offentlig verksamhet lägger allt större vikt vid intern utveckling och underhåll av digitala processer, vilket föranleder ett ökat intresse för hur metoder och verktyg som uppstått ur den privata sektorn, kan tillämpas inom offentlig verksamhet. Studien utgår från hur verktyg och metoder inom Business Process Management (BPM) tidigare använts i forskningssyfte för att förbättra processer inom offentlig sektor, också skulle kunna användas i ett fall av incidenthanteringsprocess i en medelstor svensk kommun. Denna fallstudie bygger på en kvalitativ metodansats för att få djupare insikt i processen och förstå sambandet mellan olika faktorer som påverkar möjligheten att nyttja simulationsbaserad processanalys enligt BPM. Resultatet visar på vilka förutsättningar som finns eller behövs för att använda simulationsbaserad processanalys, i syfte att förstå och vidare utveckla processen för incidenthantering i fallet. Det framgår av resultatet att en god grund finns för anammandet av verktyget, med potential att vidare utveckla processen i syfte att uppnå centrala nyckeltal. Resultatet visar också på relevanta nyckeltal att utgå från vid simulationer alternativt andra utvecklingssyften. Dock fanns processen ha vissa potentiella hinder, i form av begränsad loggning av de aktiviteter som utförs.

Titel: Den ofrivilligt digitala ledaren – en studie om den av Covid-19 pandemin påtvingade digitala omställning av ledarskap och styrning i kommunikations- och informationsväxling Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i företagsekonomi (Examensarbete på grundnivå) Författare: Mats Andersson & Marcus Bjuhr Handledare: Akmal Hyder Examinator: Aihie Osarenkhoe Datum: 2022-05-25   Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka och förstå hur Covid-19 pandemin påverkat ledarskapets digitala omställning i svenska företag samt att förklara hur verksamheterna hanterat den snabba förändringen av kommunikations- och informationskanaler. Metod: Denna studie använder en kvalitativ metod med en hermeneutisk kunskapssyn vilken erkänner komplexiteten i sociala strukturer och tolkar möjliga sanningar genom verkligheten. Vidare används en flerfallsstudie för att undersöka hur ledarskap och styrning förändrats, detta genom att intervjua chefer med personalansvar via semi-strukturerad intervjumetod. Resultat & Slutsats: De resultat som studien påvisar menar att den problematik som den påtvingade omställningen inneburit har varit mindre än förväntad och snarare inneburit förbättringspotentialer genom den ökade användningen av digitala verktyg. Detta relateras till den rapport som EU-kommissionen presenterat kring Sveriges högpresterande och digitala utveckling som land samt det ökade informationsflöde som detta möjliggjort. Examensarbetets bidrag: Arbetets bidrag till den aggregerade kunskapen relateras främst till att stödja VUCA-teorin som avser ökad komplexitet kring ledarskap i en volatil omvärld. Ett andra bidrag är att ge stödjande argument till att satsa på ökad digital infrastruktur verkar positivt för konkurrenskraft i relation till digitaliseringen samt den anpassningsbarhet som moderna ledare och organisationer behöver enligt aktuell forskning. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Denna studies förslag till framtida forskning är att undersöka andra länder, särskilt sådana som har en lägre digital mognad enligt EU-kommissionens bedömningsmatris (Digitaliseringsrådet, 2022).  Nyckelord: Business process management, Covid-19, Digitalization, Digital economy, Process innovation, Leadership, Manager / Title: The involuntary digital leader – a study on the Covid-19 pandemic´s forced digital transformation of leadership and organization in communication and information exchange  Level: Bachelor’s degree in business administration (student thesis) Authors: Mats Andersson & Marcus Bjuhr Supervisor: Akmal Hyder Examiner: Aihie Osarenkhoe Date: 2022-05-25   Aim: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate and understand how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the leadership digital transformation in Swedish businesses and explain how the organizations managed the rapid change of communication and information channels. Method: The thesis applies a qualitative method with a hermeneutic view of knowledge in which identifies the complexity of social structures and interpret the potential truths. The method also implements a multi-case study to examine the leadership and organizational change by interviewing managers with personnel responsibilities with a semi-structured method. Results and conclusions: The results this thesis presents point towards smaller problems with the forced digital transformations than expected. It also tends towards improvement potentials due to the increased usage of digital tools. This can be linked to the report that the EU-commission revealed where Sweden is a high-performance country with a high level of digital maturity. Contribution of the thesis: The contribution this thesis offers to the aggregated knowledge relates foremost towards the VUCA-theory which explain the complexity of leadership in a volatile world. A second contribution is the supportive claim of investing in a country’s digital infrastructure which affects the competitiveness in relation top the digitalization and the adaptability of modern leaders and organizations. Keywords: Business process management, Covid-19, Digitalization, Digital economy, Process innovation, Leadership, Manager