CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Este trabalho de pesquisa teve como objetivo perscrutar a compreensÃo leitora crÃtica de alunos concluintes do Ensino MÃdio de uma escola pÃblica de Fortaleza a partir da leitura de charges jornalÃsticas. O corpus deste trabalho à constituÃdo das anÃlises dos alunos-leitores, mediante resposta de instrumental, referentes a duas charges. Ao refletir sobre a anÃlise, tomamos por base a relaÃÃo entre os elementos semiÃticos (verbal e nÃo-verbal) na constituiÃÃo do posicionamento crÃtico dos sujeitos. Ao se pressupor ser o conhecimento de mundo que subjaz à anÃlise crÃtica, fruto das prÃticas sociais, optamos tambÃm por investigar a gÃnese desse conhecimento. Nossas hipÃteses seriam que o leitor crÃtico se posicionaria mediante a elaboraÃÃo de tese e criaÃÃo de argumentos que a embasassem; consideramos, tambÃm, que as imagens na charge se apresentariam como fortes recursos expressivos e influenciadores na criaÃÃo das teses e de seus possÃveis argumentos; em relaÃÃo Ãs influÃncias exercidas pelas interrelaÃÃes, acreditÃvamos que a mÃdia seria a maior influenciadora. A pesquisa, entÃo, norteada por uma concepÃÃo de lÃngua bakhtiniana, fundamentada nas pesquisas sobre o senso crÃtico de Carraher e embasada na anÃlise semiolinguÃstica do discurso de Charraudeau, reflexionou sobre o ato de linguagem protagonizado pelos sujeitos produtor/locutor (EUe/EUc) e leitor/interlocutor (TUd/TUi), atravÃs do qual se desenha o dispositivo argumentativo composto de trÃs quadros: proposta, proposiÃÃo e persuasÃo. Os resultados nos permitiram concluir que a linguagem nÃo-verbal cumpre um papel importantÃssimo no processo de significaÃÃo crÃtica nas charges e subsidia a interpretaÃÃo crÃtica dos leitores. Confirmamos tambÃm: a) a hipÃtese de que os leitores mais perspicazes fariam uma anÃlise crÃtica das charges mediante a elaboraÃÃo de uma tese embasada por argumentos; b) a forte influÃncia da mÃdia na constituiÃÃo do conhecimento enciclopÃdico dos leitores. A anÃlise dos dados nos permitiu ainda comprovar que a leitura de charges se constitui uma oportunidade de o leitor, enquanto indivÃduo autÃnomo, interpretar as ideologias que subjazem os discursos que permeiam o nosso cotidiano sociocultural. Sendo assim, nossa pesquisa, em termos de implicaÃÃo pedagÃgica, constata o quÃo relevante à a inserÃÃo do gÃnero charge nas prÃticas de leitura, em sala de aula, com o propÃsito de propiciar a formaÃÃo de leitores crÃticos. / This research paper aims to evaluate senior students of the Brazilian public high school system in Fortaleza, CearÃ, Brazil as far as their critical reading comprehension of newspaper cartoons are concerned. The corpus of the paper is composed of the student-readersâ analysis of two cartoons. My reflection of their analysis was based upon the relationship between the verbal and non-verbal semiotic elements in the constitution of the subjectsâ critical point of view. Since I assumed that their critical analysis depended on their knowledge of the world, which is a result of their social practices, I chose to investigate the origin of this knowledge as well. My hypotheses were that the critical readers would form their opinions through the development of a thesis and through the creation of supporting arguments. I also took into account that the pictures in the cartoon would present themselves as strong, expressive resources that would influence the creation of the theses and their likely supporting arguments as far as the influences exercised by the interrelations are concerned. I believed that the media would be the most influential aspect. Therefore, the research, which was oriented by a Bakhtinian perspective on language and founded on Carraherâs research about critical thinking and on Charraudeauâs semiolinguistic analysis, aimed to reflect upon the language act played by the subjects called producer/interlocutor (EUe/EUc) and reader/interlocutor (TUd/TUi), through which the argumentative device is designed, composed of three elements â proposal, proposition, and persuasion. The results allowed me to come to the conclusion that the nonverbal language plays an important role in the process of critical meaning in the cartoons and it subsidizes the critical interpretation of the readers. The research has also confirmed a) the hypothesis that the more perceptive readers would make a critical analysis of the cartoons through the development of a thesis supported by arguments; b) the strong influence of the media in the constitution of the knowledge of the world of the readers. The data analysis also allowed me to draw the conclusion that the reading of cartoons represents an opportunity for the reader, as an autonomous individual, to interpret the ideologies that are underneath the discourses within our sociocultural daily life. Therefore, the pedagogical implications of this research are to confirm the relevance of the insertion of newspaper cartoons as a genre to be used in classroom reading materials in order to form critical readers.

As LGBTQ issues come to the forefront of discussion, the acceptance of queer television is becoming more common. However, research has shown that seemingly progressive shows often reinforce dominant ideologies, despite the presence of queer characters or themes. This analysis seeks to understand whether the children's animated series, Steven Universe, is as progressive as reviews would make it seem. Two open-ended research questions are used to explore the constructions of gender and romance in the series. Through the use of queer analysis, this study reveals that the series is indeed queer. The series narrative subverts gender through the deconstruction of societal binaries. Likewise, love is treated inclusively, and is not limited to heterosexual romances. Steven Universe, though not perfect, is an amicable example of how children's cartoons can educate upcoming generations in what it means to defy expectations and go beyond labels.

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Forskningen om Concept Cartoons® och matematik är begränsad, varförforskningsfältet behöver kompletteras med kunskaper kring arbetsmetodens praktiskatillämpning i matematik. Syftet med detta arbete är att utreda karaktären hos denelevkommunikation som föranleds av metoden, därtill om den tentativa utformningenav Downings modell är tillämplig för att bedöma elevsamtalens kvalitet. Den empiriskaundersökningen genomfördes i en friskola i mellersta Sverige, där deltagarna var 24elever i åldrarna 10-13 år. Elevernas gruppdiskussioner dokumenterades med hjälp avbåde bild- och ljudupptagning. När empirin tolkades utifrån ett sociokulturelltperspektiv på lärande blev det tydligt att Downings modell var otillräcklig för attbedöma elevsamtalens kvalitet. Empirin upplevdes istället visa på sociala processersom syftar till att föra det effektiva samtalet framåt, vilket sedan kom att utmynna i endiskussion kring en utvidgad definition av kvalitetsbegreppet.

Guided by Sonja Foss' (2005) theory of visual rhetoric, this thesis is an exploration of political cartoons from Bangladesh, published between October 2016 - October 2020. The study is framed by the Digital Security Act (DSA), an anti-freedom of speech law enacted by the ruling Awami League government in October 2018. The cartoons analyzed in this study are divided into two sets – 16 published in a two-year period prior to the enactment of the DSA, and 16 published within two years after the enactment of the law. A criterion-based sampling technique was used to select cartoons published online by two Bangladeshi cartoonists' – Mehedi Haque and Sadatuddin Ahmed Amil. A thematic analysis of the cartoons revealed that corruption and threats to freedom of expression are recurring themes in both sets of data, while cartoons published pre-DSA also contain commentary on the prime minister and the government's feelings of contentment. Declining democratic practices is a major theme in cartoons published post-DSA. By utilizing the method of visual rhetorical analysis on six cartoons, the study delved deeper into the cartoons' construction of visual arguments for each theme. Finally, a comparative analysis of the themes and visual arguments in cartoons from each data set revealed that cartoons published after October 2018 are differentiated by disappearing characters and storylines, the use of indirect language, and implicit visual arguments, as well as increased usage of metaphors. Cartoons published post-DSA also have a sharper focus on specific news events as indicators of national issues. This study contributes to a growing body of research on the DSA, highlights how a specific medium of expression can be affected by anti-freedom of speech laws, and provides implications for media industries facing legal challenges. / MACOM / Bangladesh, a country in South Asia, is currently following a democratic parliamentary system where Prime Minister (PM) Sheikh Hasina is the leader of the government. Her party, Awami League (AL) has been in power since 2008. Since AL's enactment of the draconian Digital Security Act (DSA) in October 2018, a culture of fear has persisted within the country's media industry as well as the public, as the law's vague wording allows people to be charged for the mildest criticism of the government and the PM. Guided by the theory of visual rhetoric (Foss, 2005), this study is framed by the DSA in its analysis of editorial cartoons published online by cartoonists Mehedi Haque and Sadatuddin Ahmed Amil between October 2016 – October 2020. A thematic analysis of cartoons published before and after the enactment of the law shows the major topics that emerge from Bangladeshi political cartoons, such as corruption, threats to freedom of expression, contentment of the government, and declining democratic practices. Visual rhetorical analysis performed on one cartoon that best represents each theme explains in detail how the cartoons use visual arguments to convey their message. Finally, a comparison between the pre- and post-DSA data sets shows that cartoons published after October 2018 are marked by disappearing characters and storylines, the use of indirect language, and implicit visual arguments, as well as increased usage of metaphors. Cartoons published post-DSA also have a sharper focus on specific news events as indicators of national issues. This study adds to developing scholarship on the DSA, highlights how editorial cartoons are affected by anti-free speech laws, and offers insights on the media sector encountering legal challenges.

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Blundered by the Borrower attempts to illustrate the potential loneliness and anxiety that is experienced by the individual, amidst the contemporary and panicked social climate, domestically and globally--using the mediated jetsam of everyday life, violent entertainment and the disarming characteristics of cartoons to better understand and possibly illuminate a chronic lack of empathy in American society and popular culture.

Connecting people to the past through thought-provoking interpretations is one of the chief aims of history museums. The submarine USS Becuna at the Independence Seaport Museum (ISM), however, has been without critical interpretation since its opening as a museum in 1976. In order to better fulfill its mission, the museum must interpret Becuna’s Cold War history. This project explores the Cold War though the history of the submarine’s service and the lives of the submariners. First by examining submarines during the early decades of the Cold War, this paper fills in the gaps in the historiography of this overlooked part of naval history and reveals the major transitions that the submarine fleet underwent during the 1940s and 1950s. Then, by studying cartoons drawn by the submariners and other naval personal, this paper showcases their unfiltered attitudes about Cold War Era military life. Analyzing the naval cartoons reveals a number of themes, including tensions between enlisted crew and officers, hyper-sexualization of women, and underlying racism. These themes allow us to understand the Navy’s culture during those years since they reflect accepted social norms. Finally, this thesis details how the interpretation of the cartoons along with the submarine’s Cold War history can be integrated into a new app-based tour on the USS Becuna so that visitors can explore and interact with this socially important and forgotten history. / History

During the First World War, ideas of duty and sacrifice were a dominant characteristic of public discourse in New Zealand. Specifically, concern centred on a perceived inequality of sacrifice, which saw brave soldiers die on the front lines, whilst other men remained on the home front, apparently avoiding duty. This thesis charts the prevailing and powerful ideas that circulated during wartime New Zealand around these two stereotypes; on the one hand there was the soldier, the ideal of service and duty; on the other, the conscientious objector, a target for the derogatory label of 'shirker'. While there are a few select critical works which examine the experiences of New Zealand World War One conscientious objectors, such We Will Not Cease (1939) and Armageddon or Calvary (1919), there is a near complete absence of studies which examine the home front and ask how conscientious objectors were perceived and consequently judged as they were. It is the contention of this thesis that ideas around the soldier and the 'shirker' were interrelated stereotypes and that both images emerged from the process of mass mobilisation; a highly organised war effort which was largely dependent for its success upon the cooperation of wider civilian society. In sum, the thesis examines and analyses the ideas within mainstream New Zealand society as they appeared in public sources (notably newspapers, cartoons and government publications), and in doing so, tracks how social mores and views towards duty, sacrifice and service were played out at a time of national and international crisis.