Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-13T15:59:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - ANDR?A PEREIRA DA FONSECA.pdf: 2103296 bytes, checksum: dca780e8029b629fbff3f70724ad309d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-13T15:59:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - ANDR?A PEREIRA DA FONSECA.pdf: 2103296 bytes, checksum: dca780e8029b629fbff3f70724ad309d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-26 / CAPES / The culture of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is an agricultural activity of great socio-economic importance. In recent years, its production has increased in Brazil due to the introduction of new cultivars and use of quality plants. The vegetative propagation by stolons, usual in the species of the genus Fragaria also provide a limited number of plants and can spread viral diseases. The production of healthy plants can be obtained by meristem culture. Been strawberry cultivars in vitro responsive, with this technique it is possible to obtain a greatest number of plants. However the increase in the number of subcultures may induce somaclonal variation. In order to expand the availability of healthy plants of strawberry with genetic identity guarantee, this study aimed to analyze, with the use of morphological and molecular markers, with precision, the number of subcultures that allows large scale multiplication of strawberry, without loss of genetic identity. Explants of the cultivars Aromas, Camarosa and Camino Real, at the Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, in a first step, was submitted to twelve cycles of subculture, and in the following year, explants of the same cultivars, from the same mother plants, were subcultured for three cycles. The acclimatization and evaluation of the plants in the field were conducted in a greenhouse at Horticulture Sector of the Instituto de Agronomia of UFRRJ. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme 3x2, with the three genotypes being a factor and the two subculture levels other factor. In the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of the Instituto de Biologia of UFRRJ, extraction of DNA was proceeded from leaves of regenerated in vitro plantlets of the three cultivars submitted to three, five and twelve subcultures and of the mother plants that were not produced by tissue culture. During the in vitro multiplication, in two levels of subcultures, we observed a greater tendency of hyperhydricity in Camino Real cultivar and a higher frequency of callus production in ?Camarosa?. After the acclimatization, plants exposed to twelve subcultures showed a higher average height. However, the average root length was not significantly different between the two levels of subcultures. In the field evaluation, for other quantitative traits, there were no significant differences between the two levels of subcultures. Cultivars Camarosa and Camino Real showed the highest number of characteristics with a variation between the two levels of subcultures, with the greatest variations observed in plants subjected to three subcultures. Analysing the field qualitative characteristics, the variation observed between the third and 12th subcultures, was present only the frequency distribution of leaf brightness, length and width of terminal leaflet. / A cultura do morangueiro (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) ? uma atividade agr?cola de grande import?ncia s?cio-econ?mica. Nos ?ltimos anos, o seu cultivo tem aumentado no Brasil devido ? introdu??o de novas cultivares, sendo a produ??o de mudas de qualidade um dos fatores que afetam a expans?o da produ??o. A propaga??o vegetativa de plantas do g?nero Fragaria al?m de fornecer um n?mero limitado de prop?gulos, pode disseminar doen?as vir?ticas e radiculares. A produ??o de mudas sadias pode ser obtida atrav?s da cultura de meristemas. Considerando que cultivares de morangueiro s?o responsivas a propaga??o in vitro, atrav?s desta t?cnica ? poss?vel obter o maior n?mero de plantas, aumentando o n?mero de subcultivos, contudo, este acr?scimo pode induzir a ocorr?ncia de varia??o somaclonal. A fim de ampliar a disponibilidade de mudas sadias de morangueiro e com garantia de identidade gen?tica, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar, a partir do uso de marcadores morfol?gicos, o n?mero de subcultivos que permita a multiplica??o do morangueiro em larga escala, sem que ocorra a perda da identidade gen?tica dos clones submetidos a este processo. No Laborat?rio de Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais, explantes das cultivares Aromas, Camarosa e Camino Real, foram submetidos em uma primeira etapa a doze ciclos de subcultivos e, no ano seguinte, os explantes das mesmas cultivares provenientes das mesmas plantas matrizes foram subcultivados por tr?s ciclos. A aclimatiza??o e avalia??o das plantas a campo foram realizadas em estufa no Setor de Horticultura do Instituto de Agronomia da UFRRJ. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo um fator os tr?s gen?tipos e o outro, os dois n?veis de subcultivos. Durante a fase de multiplica??o in vitro, nos dois n?veis de subcultivos, foi observado um maior n?mero de frascos com brota??es com sintoma de hiperhidricidade na cultivar Camino Real e forma??o de calos na cultivar Camarosa. Ap?s a fase de aclimatiza??o foi observado que plantas submetidas a doze subcultivos apresentaram maior altura m?dia da parte a?rea, entretanto, para o comprimento m?dio da raiz n?o foi observada diferen?a significativa entre os dois n?veis de subcultivos. Na avalia??o a campo das demais caracter?sticas quantitativas, n?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os dois n?veis de subcultivos. Com doze subcultivos in vitro de plantas de morangueiro, das cultivares Aromas, Camarosa e Camino Real, ? poss?vel obter maior n?mero mudas micropropagadas sem perda da estabilidade gen?tica. A cultivar Camarosa apresentou valores m?dios superiores para altura da parte a?rea ap?s a fase de aclimatiza??o e a campo e, massas fresca e seca da parte a?rea, quando submetida a doze ciclos de subcultivos. As cultivares Camarosa e Camino Real apresentaram maior n?mero de caracter?sticas quantitativas com varia??o entre os dois n?veis de subcultivos, sendo as maiores varia??es observadas em plantas submetidas a tr?s subcultivos. A cultivar Camino Real seguida da ?Camarosa? apresentaram um maior n?mero de caracter?sticas qualitativas com varia??o na distribui??o das frequ?ncias entre os dois n?veis de subcultivos. A cultivar Aromas apresentou uma maior estabilidade gen?tica em rela??o ?s caracter?sticas quantitativas e qualitativas.

This doctoral research comprises a practitioner-based reflective enquiry to bridge the gap between theory and practice and enhance my compositional output. In tandem with the composition of my chamber opera, The Exile, I have undertaken research into characterisation within the context of opera and musical theatre, with a focus on both the delineation of individual characters and the context in which they appear. Parameters of the work are discussed in comparison with canonic works of both opera and music theatre. Contemporary uses of leitmotif, representation of speech and folk music within operatic works are acknowledged and their influence on the composition is presented along with musical examples. The conventional composer-librettist partnership is discussed, along with suggestions for how respective roles for composer and librettist have evolved in recent times. An insight into the collaborative compositional process is presented in the final chapter, as my work with librettist Gillian Pencavel is discussed. The Exile is an original work informed by this research and is a contribution to the repertoire as well as an investigation into many compositional techniques presented in this thesis.

Logographic character handwriting, such as Hanzi in Chinese, Kanji in Japanese, or Hanja in Korean, is notoriously challenging for foreign language learners. Fortunately, computer-assisted learning systems for handwriting are being improved to meet the instructional needs of teachers and learners in foreign language education. However, the effect of computer-assisted language learning in logographic handwriting has never been explored. To anchor the inquiry of the current study, the extensive complementarity approach was adopted, in which SLA research complements L2 instruction by studying the impact of a theory-based instructional method on the learning of an aspect of the L2. The present study explores the orthographic development at the initial stage of character learning among non-heritage, beginning-level learners of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) by investigating the effect of Interactionist-instructed mediations on orthographic attrition and maintenance and by examining the relationships among awareness of internal formation sequencing, character recognition and production. Data was collected from 167 first-year CFL students in a Chinese program at a large research university in North America. In phase one, 63 students completed all the six-week lab writing tasks. In phase two, 125 students completed all the end-of-semester correlation tasks in their first semester of learning Chinese. The findings of the study are multifold. First, by closely examining the roles of input, output, and feedback in the Interactionist model, the results show that, to maximize orthographic retention and reduce attrition, the effect of working memory needs to be taken into consideration in the design of instruction for immediate kinesthetic skill training and for better development of orthographic awareness among CFL non-heritage beginners. Second, the effect of multimedia input enhancements along with handwriting output on reducing variations of character formation in character learning is also significant. Third, the effect of the handwriting feedback is not found to be significant when compared to its counterpart without feedback in computer-assisted handwriting instruction; however, its influence on the participants' writing motivations and learning objectives were observed and addressed in the study. Finally, the CFL non-heritage beginning learners' awareness of internal formation sequencing was found to be correlated with their performance in character recognition and reproduction. The pedagogical implications are discussed.

I investigated the paired sternum V glands in thirty-eight trichopteran families and all lepidopteran families possessing the gland or associated structures. Using my morphological data and literature data on sternum V gland secretions, I examined phylogenetic trends in morphology and gland products and reconstructed ancestral states. I investigated correlations between gland products, between morphological traits and between chemistry and morphology. The gland is present in twenty-five trichopteran families. It is generally present in Annulipalpia, except Dipseudopsidae, and in Spicipalpia. It is widespread in Plenitentoria, but is often absent in Brevitentoria, especially in males. In Lepidoptera, I present the first report on the reduced, but functional glands in Neopseustidae and Nepticulidae. The gland is typically an invagination from sternum V with a duct leading to a reservoir surrounded by secretory tissue. An opening muscle inserts just inside the opening. I found two non-homologous opening-muscle types, one in Lepidoptera and some Trichoptera, another in the remaining Trichoptera. Muscle fibres often surround the reservoir, sometimes also the secretory tissue. Exceptions are found in Psychomyiidae (no opening muscle), female Philopotamidae (fenestra with separate glandular complex), Agathiphagidae (several unique features), Neopseustidae and Nepticulidae (gland present without gland opening). Using variations in gland structure, I identified phylogenetically useful characters from the superorder to the species level. The fenestrae in female Philopotamidae, Eriocraniidae, Neopseustidae and Nepticulidae are perforated, and perforated patches are present in female Psychomyiidae. The perforated patches are associated with a reservoir, secretory tissue and a distinctive sunburst musculature in both Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. The probable ancestral gland compounds are heptan-2-ol, 4-hepten-2-one, 4-hepten-2-ol, nonan-2-one, 6- nonen-2-one and 6-nonen-2-ol, making pheromone production a plausible ancestral function. The most widespread gland compounds are heptan-2-one, heptan-2-ol, nonan-2-one and nonan-2-ol, but these are absent from Apataniidae + Limnephilidae, which instead produce methylated 3-ketones and -ols, unique within Trichoptera. These compounds all probably function as pheromones. Both large and small glands in females can function in sex pheromone production, while large glands in male Hydropsyche (Hydropsychidae) are likely linked to male aggregation pheromone production. Relative sizes of regular gland reservoirs and fenestral gland reservoirs in female philopotamids suggest a complementary function. / Systematics and Evolution

Due to a scarcity of research on young children’s Chinese character writing development and learning, there is insufficient empirical evidence to support the practices of helping young children learn to write in the context of Hong Kong. Grounded on the views about the nature of Chinese language and from the perspective of emergent literacy, this study looked into young children’s Chinese character writing forms under free writing conditions and focused attention on categorizing the forms and identifies the developmental patterns. In consideration of the purpose of study to pursue a better understanding about the field of study, this study used qualitative methods to research. The design adopted a strategy of multiple-case study, longitudinal approach and qualitative data collection methods. Data analysis employed an inductive and analytical approach incorporating some quantitative techniques to aggregate results in order to generate findings. The categorization of writing forms gave rise to a classification scheme based on aggregated time-order emergences of writing categories. Synthesis of the findings led to identifying the developmental patterns that was framed by a general progression of two-stage development. Under a pattern of gradual change in the two-stage development, variations of writing forms indicated patterns of variability in relation to the stroke, component, and character units of Chinese character, which encompass a range of linguistic features including stroke-order writing. These findings revealed child’s underlying knowledge in Chinese characters, which will be useful for the educational field. The findings contribute to a tentative theory of early Chinese character writing about children demonstrating a gradual progression in two stages embracing individual differences in forms and time of development in early Chinese character writing during the preschool years. Insights derived from the findings of this study enabled the author to discuss the relation of the unique nature and characteristics of Chinese character to children’s learning to write, and point to inadequacies of some current thinking and practices. The thesis ends with educational implications of orthographic-focused Chinese character writing instruction and research implications of the tentative framework of understanding. / published_or_final_version / Education / Doctoral / Doctor of Education

Given that the role of Heinrich Heine as a precursor to Charles Baudelaire has long been recognized and examined in the critical literature, this dissertation aims to explore congruities in their respective poetic universes, by conducting a parallel reading of the image of woman in their poetry. Contrary to a feminist critique, which denounces the writers' reductive and hence misogynist use of such images, we will remove the anathema momentarily in order to allow a discourse of love to be expressed, in a complex language which reveals the fears and desires of the loving subject in the 19th century. / The representation of the woman by Heine and Baudelaire points to a rupture characteristic of modern poetry. In accordance with the principle of irony, in which a strategy of evasion and detachment is employed, the various female characters presented by the two poets can never be reduced to the two-dimensionality of a pure object. The relationship to woman is marked by distance, suffering and dissonance. Occupying a liminal position between life and death, between animate and inanimate, the image of woman exercises a power of seduction which constitutes a challenge to the social order, extended from its margins. / The image of the prostitute will be analyzed in terms of its close relationship with the metropolis. Subsequently, Freudian theories will shed light on the stakes of the erotic experience which occurs in contact with the demimondaine. The symbolic exchange established with the commodified body of the prostitute ends in the transmission of illness, and ultimately, in the woman's death. In a vain attempt to control his fear of death, the modern poet displaces this fear onto an object as other: the female cadaver, whose horrible beauty emits a "disturbing uncanniness". The object of desire, put to death in this manner, returns to haunt the fetishist, even to take vengeance in the form of the vampire woman whose body resists death, but breathes it into the one she seduces. Finally, through the images of the statue and the sphinx, the poets reveal a divine and revolutionary dimension in the realm of love.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 2004. / "Printed in 2005 by digital xerographic process on acid free paper"--Prelim. p. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-69).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 2004. / "Printed in 2005 by digital xerographic process on acid free paper"--Prelim. p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-69).

No description available.