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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Designing a Griotte for the Global Village: Increasing the Evidentiary Value of Oral Histories for Use in Digital Libraries

Dunn, Rhonda Thayer 2011 August 1900 (has links)
A griotte in West African culture is a female professional storyteller, responsible for preserving a tribe's history and genealogy by relaying its folklore in oral and musical recitations. Similarly, Griotte is an interdisciplinary project that seeks to foster collaboration between tradition bearers, subject experts, and computer specialists in an effort to build high quality digital oral history collections. To accomplish this objective, this project preserves the primary strength of oral history, namely its ability to disclose "our" intangible culture, and addresses its primary criticism, namely its dubious reliability due to reliance on human memory and integrity. For a theoretical foundation and a systematic model, William Moss's work on the evidentiary value of historical sources is employed. Using his work as a conceptual framework, along with Semantic Web technologies (e.g. Topic Maps and ontologies), a demonstrator system is developed to provide digital oral history tools to a "sample" of the target audience(s). This demonstrator system is evaluated via two methods: 1) a case study conducted to employ the system in the actual building of a digital oral history collection (this step also created sample data for the following assessment), and 2) a survey which involved a task-based evaluation of the demonstrator system. The results of the survey indicate that integrating oral histories with documentary evidence increases the evidentiary value of oral histories. Furthermore, the results imply that individuals are more likely to use oral histories in their work if their evidentiary value is increased. The contributions of this research – primarily in the area of organizing metadata on the World Wide Web – and considerations for future research are also provided.
2

What is the Real Question? / An Empirical-Ontological Approach to the Interpretative Analysis of Archival Reference Questions

Hennicke, Steffen 06 November 2017 (has links)
Die Forschung zum Informationsverhalten in Archiven hat wiederholt gezeigt, dass der Zugang zu Archivbeständen durch einen grundlegenden Wissensmangel über die Informationsbedürfnisse von Archivnutzern eingeschränkt wird. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Vertiefung des empirischen Verständnisses der spezifischen Informationsbedürfnisse von Archivnutzern und damit die Leistung eines grundlegenden Beitrags zur Verbesserung von archivischen Informationssystemen. Dazu untersucht die primäre Forschungsfrage die Möglichkeit der Erarbeitung einer Ontologie, die in angemessener Weise das Erkenntnisinteresse von Nutzern an Archive repräsentiert, und auf formale Anfragen, adäquate Antworten erzeugt. Zu diesem Zweck analysiert die Studie schriftliche Nutzeranfragen an das Bundesarchiv und das Nationalarchiv von Norwegen (Arkivverket). Die primären Forschungsergebnisse umfassen einen methodischen Ansatz, der eine interpretative Analyse schriftlich formulierter Fragen an Archive vertritt und, als Ergebnis seiner erfolgreichen Anwendung, das Archival Knowledge Model (AKM) erarbeitet. Das AKM ist eine ontologische Repräsentation des Gegenstandbereichs, der typischerweise als das Erkenntnisinteresse von Fragen an Archiven erscheint. Die Studie zeigt, dass derartige Anfragen dominante, grundlegende ontologische Muster aufweisen, die auf einen relativ kleinen Satz ontologischer Entitäten formalisiert werden können. Das AKM repräsentiert damit formal und explizit die Informationsbedürfnisse von Archivnutzern in Form einer Ontologie. Diese stellt ein konstitutives Modell für die Evaluierung bestehender Archivinformationssysteme und Datenschemata zur Verfügung und kann die Entwicklung neuer Katalogisierungsregeln oder musterbasierter Abfrageanwendungen unterstützen. / Research on the information behaviour of archive users has repeatedly shown that access to archival knowledge bases such as via finding aids is hindered by a certain deficiency in knowledge about users and their information needs. The objective of this study is to increase our empirical understanding of the information needs of archive users in order to facilitate access to archival information systems. The primary research question explores the possibility of creating an ontology that can reasonably represent archival inquiries and their probable interpretations as formal queries to the model of the archival target world that would generate an adequate response. For this purpose, the study analyzes archival information needs as expressed in written natural language questions submitted to the German Federal Archives (Bundesarchiv) and the National Archives of Norway (Arkivverket). The primary results point to a methodological approach that advocates an interpretative analysis of written natural language inquiries and, as the result of its practical and successful application, the Archival Knowledge Model (AKM). This constitutes an ontological representation of the subject matter typically appearing as the interest of archival inquiries. The study thus shows that written natural language questions submitted to archives exhibit dominant fundamental ontological patterns, which can be formalized to a relatively small set of entities utilizing the CIDOC CRM and compatible extensions wherever its semantics are found to be inadequate. The AKM formally and explicitly represents the information needs of archive users in the form of an ontology, thus providing a constitutive model for the evaluation of existing archive information systems and data schemas and may inform the development of new cataloguing rules or pattern-based query applications.

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