Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:12:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AdrianaDeAlmeidaDavid_DISSERT.pdf: 3101221 bytes, checksum: 58fbd1a2689bd9b96049fed85d87b05c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-25T23:13:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AdrianaDeAlmeidaDavid_DISSERT.pdf: 3101221 bytes, checksum: 58fbd1a2689bd9b96049fed85d87b05c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-25T23:13:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdrianaDeAlmeidaDavid_DISSERT.pdf: 3101221 bytes, checksum: 58fbd1a2689bd9b96049fed85d87b05c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / O umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) ? uma frut?fera nativa do nordeste brasileiro de grande import?ncia econ?mica, social e ecol?gica para o semi?rido nordestino. Apesar disso, o umbuzeiro tem sofrido press?o negativa gra?as ao extrativismo desordenado e ? sele??o negativa de seus frutos, que junto ao desmatamento e ? dorm?ncia de sementes contribuem para a diminui??o de sua produ??o ano a ano, tornando necess?rios estudos que contribuam n?o s? para o melhoramento dessa esp?cie como para sua conserva??o. Dados os riscos para a conserva??o do umbuzeiro e sua utilidade para a popula??o que a associa??o entre a biotecnologia vegetal, por ser uma ferramenta que pode ser utilizada para aumentar sua produ??o e a percep??o da comunidade extrativista, por valorizar o olhar e o saber da popula??o, podem favorecer sua conserva??o. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de desenvolver m?todos de propaga??o do umbuzeiro bem como contribuir com a sua conserva??o usando a biotecnologia, com os objetivos espec?ficos de contribuir para a conserva??o dessa esp?cie; determinar concentra??es de BAP e ANA na forma??o de brotos; testar a efici?ncia de diferentes substratos e concentra??es de ?cido giber?lico na germina??o in vitro e ex vitro, assim como captar a percep??o de fam?lias em comunidades que praticam o extrativismo de umbu. Para estudar a germina??o as sementes foram inoculadas em diferentes substratos (vermiculita, vermiculita + barro, barro, barro + esterco e esterco + vermiculita) e em diferentes concentra??es de ?cido giber?lico (0mg, 250g e 500mg). Para a forma??o de brotos BAP a 0,1 mg.L-1 foi associado a diferentes concentra??es de ANA (0,2; 0,4; 0,8mg.L-1 ). Para o estudo de percep??o foi realizado aplica??o de question?rio semiestruturado junto ? comunidade extrativista de Malhada Vermelha, localizada no munic?pio Campo Redondo, RN. Os experimentos resultaram em vermiculita e concentra??o de 500mg de ?cido giber?lico como os melhores para germina??o. A associa??o de 0,1 mg.L-1 de BAP ? 0,2 mg.L-1 de ANA proporcionaram maior forma??o de brotos. Quanto ? aplica??o de question?rios, estes revelaram que a popula??o percebe a diminui??o da quantidade de umbuzeiros e umbu na regi?o, bem como apresenta preocupa??o com sua conserva??o. / The umbu tree (Spondias tuberosa Arruda) is a fruit native to the northeast of Brazil with great economic, social and ecological importance for the northeastern semi-arid region. Despite its role, the umbu tree has suffered negative pressure thanks to cluttered extractivism and to negative selection of its fruits, which as the deforestation and the dormancy of seeds contribute to the decrease of its production year after year, making necessary studies that contribute to the improvement of this specie and its conservation. Given the risks to the conservation of the specie and its usefulness to the population, the association between plant biotechnology, for being a tool that can be used to increase its production. and the perception of gathering communities, by valuing the point of view and the knowledge of the population, can facilitate its conservation. This work aimed to develop methods of propagation for umbu tree as well as contribute to its conservation by using biotechnology, with specific objectives to contribute to the conservation of this species; determine concentrations of BAP and ANA in the formation of buds; testing the efficiency of different substrates and concentrations of gibberellic acid on germination in vitro and ex vitro, as well as capture the perception of families in communities that engage in the gathering of umbu. To study the germination, the seeds were inoculated in different substrates (vermiculite, vermiculite + clay, clay, clay + manure and manure + vermiculite) and in different concentrations of gibberellic acid (0 mg, 250 g and 500 mg). For the formation of buds BAP to 0.1 mg-1 was associated with different concentrations of ANA (0.2; 0.4; 0.8mg.L-1). The study of perception was conducted by applying semi-structured questionnaire with Malhada Vermelha community. The experiments resulted in vermiculite and concentration of 500 mg gibberellic acid as the best for germination. The association of 0.1 mg.L-1 of BAP to 0.2 mg.L-1 of ANA provided better formation of buds. As to the application of questionnaires, they revealed that the population understands the decreased amount of umbu plants and umbu fruit in the region, as well as shows concern for its conservation.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:12:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EmileRochaDeLima_DISSERT.pdf: 2345528 bytes, checksum: 4e4dc72bbdbe79ee0363c56322fe405d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-25T23:36:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EmileRochaDeLima_DISSERT.pdf: 2345528 bytes, checksum: 4e4dc72bbdbe79ee0363c56322fe405d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-25T23:36:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmileRochaDeLima_DISSERT.pdf: 2345528 bytes, checksum: 4e4dc72bbdbe79ee0363c56322fe405d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / As novas estrat?gias de desenvolvimento devem atuar principalmente nas ?reas de efici?ncia energ?tica e agricultura sustent?vel. Desta forma, a substitui??o de combust?veis f?sseis por biocombust?veis, como o biodiesel, est? cada vez mais em pauta. O cultivo de plantas oleaginosas para a produ??o de biodiesel deve acontecer em sistemas integrados que permitam melhores benef?cios ambientais e sejam mais significativos socioeconomicamente. Assim, os objetivos do presente estudo foram: avaliar as caracter?sticas morfoanat?micas e fisiol?gicas de plantas de c?rtamo (Carthamus tinctorius L., oleaginosa promissora para a produ??o de biodiesel) cultivadas em monocultivo e em cons?rcio com o feij?o caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.); al?m de caracterizar socioeconomicamente agricultores familiares e verificar a aceita??o deles acerca do c?rtamo como cultura energ?tica. A metodologia utilizada para as an?lises de crescimento do c?rtamo em monocultivo e consorciado com o feij?o, foram an?lises morfoanat?micas e histoqu?micas, feitas com amostras de plantas cultivadas em campo, nos dois sistemas de cultivo. N?o houve altera??es no crescimento e anatomia das plantas, mesmo em cons?rcio, o que ? satisfat?rio para indicar o sistema consorciado para essas culturas e pode ser uma boa alternativa para o produtor familiar, que pode ter o c?rtamo como fonte de renda, sem precisar abdicar de plantar sua fonte de subsist?ncia. Para a verifica??o da aceita??o do c?rtamo por agricultores, foram feitas entrevistas a agricultores familiares da agrovila Canudos, em Cear?-Mirim/RN. Percebeu-se que boa parte deles aceitam a introdu??o do c?rtamo como cultura oleaginosa, apesar de desconhecerem a esp?cie, al?m de que, por ser mais resistente ? seca, o c?rtamo auxiliaria na estabilidade das fam?lias, que dependem das condi??es do clima para o sucesso de seus cultivos atuais. De maneira geral, conclui-se que o c?rtamo possui caracter?sticas que o permite ser cultivado em cons?rcio para a produ??o de biodiesel aliada ? produ??o de alimentos, como o feij?o caupi, e pode ser utilizado possibilitando melhor desenvolvimento para a agricultura familiar. / The new development strategies should operate mainly in the areas of energy efficiency and sustainable agriculture. Thus, the substitution of fossil fuels with biofuels, such as biodiesel, is increasingly on the agenda. The cultivation of oilseed plants for biodiesel production must take place in integrated systems that enable best environmental benefits and are more economically significant. The objectives of this study were to assess the morphological, anatomic, and physiological characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L., promising oilseed for biodiesel production) grown in monoculture and intercropping with cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.); and identify socioeconomic family farmers and verify their acceptance about safflower as an energy crop. The methodology used for the analysis of safflower growth in monoculture and intercropped with beans, were morphoanatomical and histochemical analyzes, made with samples of plants grown in the field in two cropping systems throughout the range of the life cycle of these plants. There were no changes in growth and anatomy of plants, even in the consortium, which is satisfactory to indicate the intercropping system for those crops and can be a good alternative for the family farmer, who may have safflower as a source of income without giving up planting their livelihood. To check the acceptance of safflower by farmers, interviews were made to family farmers by Canudos agrovila in Cear?-Mirim/RN. It was noticed that many of them accept the introduction of safflower as oil crop, although unaware of the species, and that, being more resistant to drought, safflower help in the stability of families who depend on the weather conditions for success their current crops. In general, it is concluded that safflower has features that allows it to be grown in consortium for biodiesel production combined with the production of food, such as cowpea, and can be used enabling better development for family farmers.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:12:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LueniaKalineTavaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 4167618 bytes, checksum: 0804159c1fc8fcec8071b5903d75f978 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-25T23:57:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LueniaKalineTavaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 4167618 bytes, checksum: 0804159c1fc8fcec8071b5903d75f978 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-25T23:57:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LueniaKalineTavaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 4167618 bytes, checksum: 0804159c1fc8fcec8071b5903d75f978 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A pesca artesanal representa uma das mais importantes atividades econ?micas do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), constituindo-se na principal forma de sobreviv?ncia e renda para muitas fam?lias. O litoral sul do RN tem forte tradi??o pesqueira, tanto na explora??o de peixes quanto na coleta de moluscos ?s margens da Lagoa de Guara?ra (APA Bonfim-Guara?ra). Nos ?ltimos anos as comunidades pesqueiras se tornaram mais vulner?veis ?s influ?ncias externas, uma vez que est?o expostas as mudan?as socioecon?micas e ambientais. Essas mudan?as exigem adapta??es dos pescadores ?s distintas condi??es do meio, j? que os sistemas sociais e naturais s?o impulsionados por processos de reorganiza??o e readapta??o. Assim, o presente estudo tem o objetivo geral de analisar as principais mudan?as socioambientais ocorridas em comunidades pesqueiras, a partir do entendimento dos pescadores e marisqueiras sobre essa problem?tica. Como objetivos espec?ficos buscaram-se: delinear o perfil socioecon?mico, as perspectivas e dificuldades dos pescadores e marisqueiras e investigar as principais mudan?as sociais e ambientais ocorridas nas comunidades pesqueiras de Patan? e Camocim (Arez/RN). A metodologia utilizada foi qualitativo-quantitativa com as t?cnicas de observa??o em campo e entrevistas abertas e semiestruturadas aplicadas aos representantes da Col?nia de Pesca, aos pescadores e as marisqueiras. Entre os meses de Janeiro a Julho de 2014 foram aplicadas as entrevistas semiestruturadas com 41 interlocutores de Patan? e 23 de Camocim; totalizando 64 pessoas. Os resultados indicaram que os interlocutores t?m idade entre 40 a 60 anos; possuem apenas o n?vel de ensino fundamental incompleto; s?o casados e t?m filhos; sobrevivem com um rendimento mensal menor do que um sal?rio m?nimo e n?o est?o recebendo o seguro defeso. O estudo de caso tamb?m revelou que os problemas socioecon?micos e ambientais refletem em mudan?as na reprodu??o, organiza??o e divis?o social do trabalho, gerando modifica??es adaptativas das fam?lias ?s influ?ncias externas, advindas diretamente de outras atividades econ?micas e da press?o do mercado e indiretamente, do turismo. Dessa forma, as adapta??es ao cen?rio de mudan?as se apresentaram como favor?veis aos aspectos econ?micos e no que tange aos aspectos socioambientais, desfavor?veis. Em suma, a atividade pesqueira se desenvolve em meio a entraves t?cnicos, burocr?ticos e financeiros, circunscritas na necessidade cotidiana de homens e mulheres ? o fator determinante na disposi??o de continuar no exerc?cio da pesca e mariscagem na Lagoa de Guara?ra, espa?o que representa as rela??es sociais, pr?ticas e costumes transmitidos no decorrer da hist?ria local atrav?s da mem?ria social dos mais velhos para os mais jovens. / Artisanal fishing is one of the important economic activities of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), becoming the main form of survival and income for many families. The southern coast of RN has strong fishing tradition, both in exploitation of fish as in the collection of mollusks on the banks of Guara?ra Lagoon (APA Bonfim-Guara?ra). In recent years, fishing communities have become more vulnerable to outside influences, since the socio-economic and environmental changes are exposed. These changes require adjustments to the fishermen to different environmental conditions, as the social and natural systems are driven by reorganization and upgrading processes. The living conditions in fishing communities are objective and necessary in different ways, according to a selection that is cultural, so adaptable. This study has the general objective to analyze the main environmental changes in fishing communities, based on the understanding of fishermen and mollusk fisherwomen about this problem. The specific objectives searched to: describe the socioeconomic profile, prospects and difficulties of fishermen and mollusk fisherwomen; investigate the major social and environmental changes in the fishing communities of Patan? and Camocim (Arez/RN). The methodology was qualitative-quantitative with the techniques of observation in the field and open and semistructured interviews applied to representatives of Cologne fishing, fishermen and mollusk fisherwomen. Between the months of January to July 2014 were applied semistructured interviews with 41 interlocutors in Patan? and 23 of Camocim; totaling 64 people. The results indicated that the interlocutors are aged 40 to 60 years; have only completed elementary school level; are married and have children; survive on less than a minimum wage income and they are not receiving employment insurance. The case study also revealed that the socioeconomic and environmental problems reflected in changes in reproduction, organization and social division of labor, which generates adaptive changes of families to external influences, resulting directly from other economic activities and market pressure and indirectly from tourism. Therefore, adaptations to changes scenario presented as favorable to economic aspects and unfavorable to the social and environmental aspects. In short, the fishery develops on technical, bureaucratic and financial obstacles, in the everyday needs of men and women is the determining factor in willingness to continue exercising fishing and shell fishing on Guara?ra Lagoon, space representing relations social, practices and customs transmitted in the course of local history through social memory of the oldest to the youngest.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:12:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizClaudioCardozoChaves_DISSERT.pdf: 1604573 bytes, checksum: 8902b5b5dc8f0c595c2e22ec6d9b6b3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-26T00:07:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizClaudioCardozoChaves_DISSERT.pdf: 1604573 bytes, checksum: 8902b5b5dc8f0c595c2e22ec6d9b6b3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T00:07:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizClaudioCardozoChaves_DISSERT.pdf: 1604573 bytes, checksum: 8902b5b5dc8f0c595c2e22ec6d9b6b3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A contamina??o de corpos h?dricos por subst?ncias t?xicas causa a diminui??o da qualidade da ?gua, representando um risco para a sa?de p?blica. Neste contexto, atividades antr?picas s?o geralmente vistas como as principais fontes de degrada??o da ?gua. Entretanto, elementos encontrados naturalmente no ambiente tamb?m podem comprometer a qualidade da ?gua. Assim, o a?ude do Boqueir?o, localizado no munic?pio de Parelhas (RN/Brasil), foi escolhido como a ?rea para o desenvolvimento deste estudo uma vez que est? em uma regi?o geologicamente rica em emiss?o de radia??o ionizante natural que gera subprodutos como o chumbo e o rad?nio. Al?m disso, ? uma ?rea com forte influ?ncia humana que aumenta os riscos de descargas de poluentes para este corpo d??gua. Assim, os objetivos deste estudo est?o centrados (i) na an?lise da percep??o do risco da popula??o do munic?pio de Parelhas (RN/Brasil) acerca do consumo da ?gua do a?ude do Boqueir?o; e (ii) na avalia??o da qualidade da ?gua do a?ude empregando v?rias metodologias que quantifiquem, principalmente, os n?veis de metais pesados e radioatividade, assim como, o potencial destes t?xicos induzirem muta??es no material gen?tico. A an?lise da percep??o revelou que a popula??o do munic?pio percebe um risco na utiliza??o do a?ude e que conhecem os fatores que influenciam na qualidade de ?gua. Considerando o segundo objetivo, o conjunto de dados aponta para a contamina??o do a?ude por metais pesados, al?m de terem sido encontrados altos n?veis de part?culas radioativas e rad?nio ? tamb?m presente em altas concentra??es no ar e no solo. Desta forma, podemos inferir que a popula??o que reside nesta localidade est? sujeita ?s inj?rias provocadas pela exposi??o ? contamina??o natural e antropog?nica. Nossos resultados corroboram com a percep??o que a popula??o tem em rela??o ao risco do uso deste a?ude para diversas finalidades. Esperase que as informa??es reunidas neste trabalho fundamentem atividades e pesquisas subsequentes nesta regi?o semi?rida do Rio Grande do Norte/Brasil. Que os dados viabilizem uma melhor compreens?o do cen?rio espec?fico de risco toxicol?gico da popula??o e o efeito da contamina??o para a biota, o que auxilia o desenvolvimento de uma futura avalia??o do risco e consequente gerenciamento desta problem?tica local. Palavras Chave: Mutagenicidade; Agentes geog?nicos; Percep??o de risco; Qualidade de ?gua; Semi?rido. / The contamination of water bodies with toxic substances causes a decrease in water quality, representing a risk to public health. In this context, human activities are generally seen as the main sources of water degradation. However, elements found naturally in the environment can also compromise water quality. Thus, the Boqueir?o?s dam, located in the municipality of Parelhas (RN, Brazil), was chosen as area for the development of this study, as its geological region is rich in the emission of natural ionizing radiation that produces byproducts like lead and Radon. Moreover, the area has a strong human influence that enhances the risks of pollutant discharge in this body of water.Thus, the objectives of this study were centered (i) in the analysis of risk perception in the city of Parelhas (RN/Brasil) due to the use of the water from the Boqueir?o Dam; and (ii) in the assessment of water quality in the Dam using methods that quantify, mainly, heavy metals and radiation levels, as well as these toxics potential of inducing mutations on genetic material. The analysis of risk perception showed that the population in the city of Parelhas can perceive a risk in using the water from the dam and that they can recognize factors that influence the water quality. Regarding the second objective, the set of data point to the contamination of the Dam by heavy metals, as well as levels of radioactive parcicles and Radon ? also present in high concentrations in outdoor air and on soil. Thus, it is possible to infer that the population residing in this area is subjected to injuries caused by exposure to natural and anthropogenic contamination. Our findings corroborate with the perception of the population regarding the risks associated with the use of the Dam for several types of activities. It is expected that the information gathered in this study can substantiate activities and future researches in this semiarid region in the Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil. Also, that the set of data can enable a better understanding of the specific toxicological scenario of risk found for the population and the effect of the contamination for the biota, which aids the development of a future risk assessment and a consequent management of this local issue.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:12:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PiataDeMeloGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 2045322 bytes, checksum: c97574e0cf9c99147223d9afdcec71de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-26T00:14:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PiataDeMeloGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 2045322 bytes, checksum: c97574e0cf9c99147223d9afdcec71de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T00:14:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PiataDeMeloGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 2045322 bytes, checksum: c97574e0cf9c99147223d9afdcec71de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A contamina??o dos ambientes aqu?ticos ? um fen?meno que remonta ?s origens das civiliza??es humanas e foi amplificado pelo advento dos processos industriais. A cidade de Maca?ba/RN/Brasil tem como principal corpo h?drico o rio Jundia? que sofre descarga de efluentes de diversas ind?strias. O estudo se bifurcou numa frente de percep??o socioambiental, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas cujo efluente t?xtil foi apontado pela popula??o como o principal problema no rio. Observou-se que quase a totalidade dos entrevistados apresentava preocupa??o com o meio ambiente. Al?m disso, h? uma inclus?o dos indiv?duos como parte causadora da problem?tica, pois uma parte significativa reconhece que suas atividades podem causar preju?zos ao ambiente e ? sa?de da popula??o. A partir disto, o monitoramento experimental da qualidade de ?gua foi conduzido por meio de analises f?sicas e qu?micas e ensaios ecotoxicol?gicos que se propuseram a avaliar em Pomacea lineata e em Mysidopsis juniae o efeito isolado do efluente t?xtil e sua influ?ncia no rio em compara??o com os limites estabelecidos pela legisla??o brasileira. Apesar das analises f?sicas e qu?micas demonstrarem-se inconclusivas acerca da participa??o do efluente t?xtil na contamina??o ambiental do rio, os ensaios ecotoxicol?gicos demonstraram-se contundentes ao sinalizar que o efluente pode apresentar risco aos organismos aqu?ticos e consequentemente ? sa?de humana. Assim, por meio de uma abordagem interdisciplinar foi poss?vel estudar a causa do problema socioambiental apontado pela popula??o na fase de percep??o e o efeito mensur?vel com an?lises de qualidade de ?gua no rio por meios dos ensaios mencionados. / The contamination of aquatic environments is a phenomenon that dates back the origins of human civilizations and was amplified by the advent of industrial processes. The Jundia? river , Maca?ba's main water source, suffering discharge of effluents from various industries. The study work?s in two fronts, the environmental perception front was conducted through semistructured interviews whose textile effluent was appointed by the population as the main problem in the river. It was observed that nearly all respondents had concerns about the environment. In addition, there is an inclusion of individuals as the cause of the problem, because a significant part recognizes that its activities may cause damage to the environment and people's health. In other front, the experimental monitoring of water quality was conducted through ecotoxicological tests and physiochemical analysis that proposed to assess Pomacea lineata .Mysidopsis juniae isolated effect of textile effluent and its influence on the river compared with the limits established by Brazilian law. Although the physio-chemical analysis shows is inconclusive about the participation of the textile effluent in environmental contamination of the river, the ecotoxicological tests have shown to blunt the signal that the effluent may present a risk to aquatic organisms and consequently to human health. Thus, an interdisciplinary way it was possible to study the cause of the environmental problem identified by the population in the realization phase and measurable effect on water quality analysis in the river by means of the tests mentioned.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:12:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EmanuelAraujoDeMacedoSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 4300944 bytes, checksum: 45df5c71087eabcb92c6fc65d23ec7ec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-25T23:28:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EmanuelAraujoDeMacedoSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 4300944 bytes, checksum: 45df5c71087eabcb92c6fc65d23ec7ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-25T23:28:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmanuelAraujoDeMacedoSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 4300944 bytes, checksum: 45df5c71087eabcb92c6fc65d23ec7ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / O atual modelo de desenvolvimento predominante na sociedade global ? ditado por uma racionalidade econ?mica que p?e em risco meio ambiente e justi?a social. Cada vez mais se tem despertado para os riscos dessa forma de produ??o e consumo, impulsionando a busca pelo desenvolvimento sustent?vel, com uma racionalidade ambiental que concilie as atividades humanas com preserva??o da natureza e bem estar de todas as classes socioecon?micas. Um dos esfor?os nesse sentido ? a altera??o da matriz que atende ? demanda energ?tica, substituindo combust?veis f?sseis por fontes renov?veis e mais limpas, como os biocombust?veis. Carthamus tinctorius (c?rtamo) ? uma planta oleaginosa com potencial para produ??o de biodiesel, com bom rendimento e perfil qu?mico de ?leo aliados ? boa adapta??o a climas como o do semi?rido nordestino. Com fomento de pol?ticas p?blicas, o uso da esp?cie pode ser alternativa interessante ? agricultura familiar. Na agricultura em geral ? comum o uso de agrot?xicos para prevenir e combater doen?as e pragas, pr?tica n?o sustent?vel. Por isso, investiga-se o uso de subst?ncias alternativas menos danosas. Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar se o extrato foliar de nim (Azadirachta indica) (20% m/v) e a calda bordalesa (sulfato de cobre) exercem efeitos na esp?cie do c?rtamo. Objetivou-se tamb?m verificar a aceitabilidade da cultura entre agricultores do munic?pio de Apodi-RN, tendo em vista situarem-se na regi?o-alvo para o cultivo da esp?cie, al?m da compreens?o de que seu conhecimento e disposi??o para adotar a cultura ? fundamental para a introdu??o da esp?cie e crescimento socioecon?mico associado ? sua explora??o. Al?m disso, foi elaborada uma cartilha informativa sobre o c?rtamo. No experimento em campo, os referidos fungicidas alternativos foram pulverizados em plantas cultivadas em parcelas experimentais, havendo coleta de folhas para an?lise de anatomia, cut?cula foliar e morfologia da cera epicuticular, camada protetora que faz a interface planta-ambiente. Em Apodi, 45 agricultores da Cooperativa Potiguar de Apicultura e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustent?vel (COOPAPI) passaram por entrevistas semiestruturadas, abordando tamb?m a avalia??o das esp?cies atualmente cultivadas e a percep??o do uso de agrot?xicos e alternativas sustent?veis. Ap?s compara??o por an?lise de vari?ncia, constatou-se que n?o houve diferen?a entre tratamentos no experimento, tamb?m n?o sendo observadas modifica??es anat?micas ou morfol?gicas. A aceita??o do c?rtamo entre agricultores foi ampla, com 84% dos entrevistados acreditando na perspectiva de lucratividade. O cen?rio atual, com pouca diversidade de culturas, fr?gil ante estiagens e pragas, pode explicar parcialmente essa opini?o. A cartilha elaborada foi bastante eficaz em chamar aten??o das pessoas para o potencial da esp?cie. Houve amplo reconhecimento da import?ncia dos defensivos alternativos, justificados pela seguran?a ? sa?de. Com base no aspecto avaliado nos resultados da pesquisa, os tratamentos podem ser recomendados para uso como fungicidas em c?rtamo. Com a suscetibilidade da cultura aos fungos em per?odo chuvoso, aconselha-se que sua potencial introdu??o na regi?o se concentre no semi?rido. / The currently main development model on global society is driven by an economic rationality that endangers the environment and social justice. More and more, attention to this way of production and consumption is increasing, boosting research for sustainable development, with an environmental rationality that can harmonize nature preservation and welfare of all socioeconomic classes. One of the efforts on this sense is changing the sources supplying the energy demand, replacing fossil fuels for renewable and cleaner sources, such as biofuels. Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) is an oilseed crop with potential for biodiesel production, with good oil yield and chemical profile, allied to good adaptation to climates such like the northeastern semiarid lands of Brazil. With public policies fomentation, the use of this species may be an interesting alternative for family farming. In farming in general, the use of pesticides to prevent and combat diseases and plagues is common, which is not a sustainable practice. Thus, there are researched alternative, less dangerous substances. In this study, it was aimed to assess if neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract (20% m/v) and Bordeaux mixture (copper sulfate) have effects on safflower. It was also aimed to verify acceptance of farmers on safflower crop in Apodi, a municipality in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil, in view of it being localized in the aimed region for this crop cultivation. Besides that, understanding that the farmers? knowledge and inclination to adopt the crop is fundamental for the introduction of this species and socioeconomic growth due to its exploration. In addition, a booklet with basic information on safflower was produced. In the field experiment, the fungicides were pulverized on plants cultivated in field experimental plots, with collection of leaf samples for analysis on anatomy, cuticle, and epicuticular wax morphology, the protective layer that interfaces with the surrounding ambient. In Apodi, forty-five farmers from Potiguar Cooperative of Apiculture and Sustainable Rural Development (COOPAPI) underwent semi-structured interviews, which also addressed their assessment on currently cultivated crops and perception of pesticide uses and sustainable alternatives. After comparing using analysis of variance, it was found that there was no difference between treatments in the experiment, as well as no anatomical or morphological modifications. Safflower acceptation among farmers was wide, with 84% of interviewees believing in a perspective of good incomes. The current scenario, comprised of low crop diversity, fragile in face of droughts and plagues, can partially explain this opinion. The booklet was effective in catching people attention for the species potential. There was wide acknowledgement on the importance of alternative pesticides, justified by health security. Based on the assessed parameter in the results of this research, the treatments here utilized may be recommended as fungicides for safflower. Given the crop susceptibility to fungi in heavy rainy period, it is advised that its potential introduction on the region shall be focused on semiarid areas.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:12:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KatherineDeSousaCostaOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 2881416 bytes, checksum: bd4e52464eb1ad102414c3e10ed536fc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-25T23:50:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KatherineDeSousaCostaOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 2881416 bytes, checksum: bd4e52464eb1ad102414c3e10ed536fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-25T23:50:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KatherineDeSousaCostaOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 2881416 bytes, checksum: bd4e52464eb1ad102414c3e10ed536fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / A proposta desta pesquisa est? apoiada na defini??o de Seguran?a Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) estabelecida pela II Confer?ncia Nacional de SAN. Tomando como refer?ncia este conceito, o instrumento de pesquisa buscou analisar as estrat?gias e a??es relacionadas ? SAN, desenvolvidas pelos membros da Associa??o dos Produtores e Produtoras Org?nicas de Cear? Mirim, localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, a partir dos aspectos relacionados ? alimenta??o das fam?lias, bem como, suas formas de acesso, quantidade e cultura alimentar. Visando responder as seguintes perguntas: as fam?lias benefici?rias da Associa??o dos Produtores e Produtoras Org?nicas de Cear? Mirim possuem estrat?gias que garantam sua SAN? Se sim, essas estrat?gias originam-se de pol?ticas p?blicas ou de a??es pr?prias? Essas estrat?gias incidem sobre a renda das fam?lias? Nos gastos com alimentos e acesso ? alimenta??o adequada? Como essas estrat?gias se articulam entre si e quais redes sociais elas formam? Na pesquisa, tamb?m foram abordados questionamentos que contemplaram a abertura de mercados pela declara??o como Organismos de Controle Social (OCS), agrega??o de valor, participa??o em feiras agroecol?gicas, buscando identificar e caracterizar se essas estrat?gias contribuem para a Seguran?a Alimentar e Nutricional destas fam?lias. Os dados aqui analisados foram obtidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas nos locais de produ??o de cada produtor e partem de uma abordagem qualitativa. Foram aplicados 21 question?rios aos agricultores familiares em sete projetos de assentamentos de Reforma Agr?ria: (Carlos Marighella, Nova Esperan?a II, Alian?a, Marcoalhado I, Santa ?gueda, Santa Luzia e Uni?o). A partir do estudo, concluiu-se que a maior parte das estrat?gias de SAN identificadas, resultaram do encadeamento de diferentes pol?ticas p?blicas que potencializaram as estrat?gias existentes e criaram novas, como no caso da produ??o org?nica que constitui a motiva??o principal, inclusive para a organiza??o do grupo pesquisado. Estas estrat?gias trouxeram melhorias na alimenta??o, provocaram mudan?as em seus h?bitos alimentares, em especial, na diversifica??o da produ??o de autoconsumo. Isto por sua vez, tem garantido maior autonomia alimentar e ampliado os canais de comercializa??o, seja por meio de feiras ou dos mercados institucionais. Verificou-se, tamb?m, que as rela??es de reciprocidade se ampliaram ap?s a produ??o org?nica e que estas s?o imprescind?veis na garantia de alimentos em momentos de dificuldades, al?m de contribu?rem para fomentar a pr?pria produ??o org?nica, atrav?s das trocas de insumos. / The proposition of this research is supported by the definition of Food Safety and Nutrition (FSN), established by the II FSN National Conference. Taking this concept as reference, the research instrument aimed to analyze strategies and actions related to FSN, developed by members of Cear? Mirim Organic Producers Association, located in Rio Grande do Norte state (Brazil), from aspects related to family feeding, as well as means of access, quantity and food culture. It was aimed to answer the following questions: Do the families benefited from Cear? Mirim Organic Producers Association have strategies that assure their FSN? If so, do these strategies originate from public policies or own actions? Do these strategies focus on family revenue? In expenses with food and proper feeding? How do these strategies articulate together and which social networks do they form? In this research, there were also approached questionings which comprise market opening through the declaration of the products as Organization of Social Control (OSC), aggregate value and participation in agroecological fairs, aiming to identify and characterize if these strategies contribute for Food Safety and Nutrition of these families. The data here analyzed were obtained from semi-structured interviews, conducted in the production sites of each farmer, and have a qualitative approach. 21 questionnaires were applied to the family farmers, in seven projects of agrarian reform settlements (Carlos Marighella, Nova Esperan?a II, Alian?a, Marcoalhado I, Santa ?gueda, Santa Luzia and Uni?o). From this study, it was concluded that most of FSN strategies result from a series of distinct public policies, which potentiate the existing strategies and create new ones, such as in the case of organic production, which is the main motivation, even for the organization of the studied group. These strategies brought improvements in feeding and caused changes in eating habits, especially in the diversification of production for own consumption. This, on the other hand, is assuring greater food autonomy and increasing marketing channels, through fairs or institutional markets. It was also verified that reciprocity relations increased after the organic production, and they are indispensable to assure food in difficult times, also contributing to incentive organic production itself, through supplies exchange.