O Brasil é o maior produtor e exportador de café do mundo. O café em grãos é um dos principais produtos da balança comercial brasileira. Duas espécies de café são as mais importantes economicamente: o Coffea arabica L. e Coffea canephora Pierre sendo o maior representante do Coffea canephora Pierre o conillon. A irradiação de alimentos é uma área de pesquisa que tem por objetivo aumentar a vida útil de prateleira dos alimentos e controlar as pragas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar se as variáveis físico-químicas do café arábica e conillon foram afetadas quando submetidas à doses de radiação gama do Cobalto-60. As amostras foram cedidas pelo Polo de Tecnologia em Qualidade do Café da Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA. As amostras de café foram submetidas à irradiação com doses de: 0 (testemunha), 5 kGy e 10 kGy, em um irradiador multiproposito do IPEN - Instituto de Pesquisas Energética e Nucleares da Universidade de São Paulo, sob uma taxa de 7,5 kGy/hora. Para a irradiação as amostras foram embaladas a vácuo em embalagens aluminizadas apropriadas. Após o processo de irradiação as amostras foram armazenadas a uma temperatura de 15 ± 1ºC e umidade relativa de 17 ± 1%. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises: teores de açucares totais, glicose, sacarose, cafeína, umidade, pH, acidez total titulável, fibras e condutividade elétrica. As análises foram realizadas 1, 30, 60 e 90 dias após a irradiação e os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. Observou-se que os resultados das análises das amostras irradiadas com doses de 5 kGy e 10 kGy apresentaram valores semelhantes ao da testemunha. Foi concluído que a irradiação não induziu efeitos deletérios nas sementes de café arábica e conillon irradiados com 5 kGy e 10 kGy até 90 dias após a irradiação / Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of coffee in the world. The coffee bean is one of the main products of the Brazilian trade balance. Two species of coffee are the most economically important: the Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre is the largest representative of the Coffea canephora Pierre is the coffea conillon. Food irradiation is an area of research that aims to increase the shelf life of foods and controlling pests. This study aimed to verify the physicochemical variables of Arabica coffee and conillon were affected when exposed to doses of gamma radiation from cobalt-60. The samples were provided by Polo in Coffee Quality Technology, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA. The coffee samples were subjected to irradiation doses: 0 (control), 5 kGy and 10 kGy, a multipurpose irradiator of IPEN - Research Institute of Nuclear Energy and the University of São Paulo, at a rate of 7.5 kGy / hour. For irradiation the samples were vacuum-packed in appropriate packaging aluminised. After the process of irradiation the samples were stored at a temperature of 15 ± 1 º C and relative humidity of 17 ± 1%. The following analyzes were performed: levels of total sugars, glucose, sucrose, caffeine, humidity, pH, total acidity, electrical conductivity and fibers. Analyses were performed 1, 30, 60 and 90 days after irradiation, and the results were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5%. It was observed that the analysis results of the samples irradiated with 5 kGy and 10 kGy showed values similar to the control. It was concluded that irradiation did not induce deleterious effects on arabica coffee seeds and conillon irradiated with 5 kGy and 10 kGy to 90 days after irradiation

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-19T13:38:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardonascimentomenezes.pdf: 1362786 bytes, checksum: c27ab10823cdfab9679f2aee30f40678 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-06-29T12:24:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardonascimentomenezes.pdf: 1362786 bytes, checksum: c27ab10823cdfab9679f2aee30f40678 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T12:24:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardonascimentomenezes.pdf: 1362786 bytes, checksum: c27ab10823cdfab9679f2aee30f40678 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-01 / A proposta dessa pesquisa é realizar um estudo sobre a história ecológica tomando como objeto a cidade de Cataguases, situada na porção noroeste da Zona da Mata mineira. Nossa intenção é investigar a relação entre os condicionantes naturais e a ação humana na determinação da estrutura social e agrária e quais as forças econômicas que induziram a produção cafeeira na região e mais especificamente no município de Cataguases. Para tal empreendimento definimos como marco cronológico os anos de 1870, com o objetivo de contextualizar a produção cafeeira da década que assistiu no ano de 1877 a elevação de Cataguases à categoria de município e a chegada da estrada de ferro no mesmo ano, e 1930, ano em que a produção cafeeira entra em crise. / The purpose of this research is to produce a study about the ecological history adopting as object the city of Cataguases, located in the northwestern portion of Zona da Mata in the state of Minas Gerais. Our intention is to investigate the relationship between natural conditions and human action in determination of the social and agrarian structure and which the economic forces that led to coffee production in the region and more specifically in the city of Cataguases. For such an achievement we defined as chronological mark the year 1870, in order to contextualize the coffee production of the decade that witnessed in the year 1877 the lift Cataguases to a municipality and the arrival of the railroad in the same year, and 1930, year in which the coffee production enter in crisis.

The aim of the diploma thesis is a comprehensive analysis of the coffee market in the Czech Republic and Slovakia based on retail audit data. The analysis provides an overview of the development of this dynamic category. It also compares the similarities and differences in both countries. I proceed from the historical development of the market to the current situation in terms of its size, market trends and structure. I also focus on the promotion importance of the coffee category and the seasonality of its sales. I compare the Czech and Slovak markets in terms of the share of top manufacturers and brands, the popularity of private brands in the coffee category and the importance of the sales channels. I also focus on the regional structure of coffee sales, segments and price trends over time. The conclusion of the thesis is a comprehensive view on the structure and development of coffee markets in both countries and the expression of their common features and differences.

L'objectif principal de ce travail était de mieux comprendre les processus et la dynamique d'érosion des sols sur pentes raides sous culture permanente (café sous arbres d'ombrage).Huit parcelles expérimentales ont été installées dans une plantation de café avec une pente moyenne de 65 % avec Erythrina sp. comme arbre d'ombrage. Le ruissellement superficiel a été mesuré chaque 5 min et collecté pour la mesure de la concentration en sédiments et l'évaluation de l'érosion.La pluviométrie annuelle a été de 2206, 1778 et 2220 mm en 2011, 2012 et 2013 respectivement avec une alternance marquée de saison sèche et saison des pluies. La lame ruisselée totale a été en moyenne de 103, 54 et 33 mm respectivement pour les trois années. La concentration moyenne en sédiments a été d'environ 1.3 g l-1 avec des variations temporelles réduites entre événements pluvieux et entre années. La perte de sol annuelle moyenne a diminué de 1.69 à 0.91 puis 0.58 t ha-1 an-1 de 2011 à 2013. La dynamique temporelle a été analysée à trois échelles de temps : annuel-mensuel, événement et intra-événement. Environ 60% de la pluie et 90% du ruissellement et de l'érosion s'est produit pendant les périodes d'octobre à aout, dont plus de la moitié en octobre. La hauteur de pluie de chaque événement et la teneur en d'eau du sol ont expliqué l'essentiel de la variabilité du ruissellement et de la perte en terre. Le stockage d'eau de sol hérité de l'année précédente a joué un rôle important sur le ruissellement. Un modèle d'infiltration simple (Diskin et Nazimov) a été utilisé pour évaluer la hauteur de ruissellement pendant une pluie.En 2012 quatre traitements ont été appliqués avec deux répétitions chacun : 1. traitement de référence avec renouvellement de mini-terrasses et désherbage manuel ; 2. idem 1 sans renouvellement de mini-terrasses ; 3. idem 1 sauf désherbage avec un herbicide ; 4. idem 1 avec taille réduite des arbres d'ombrage. On a considéré trois périodes : P1 avant application des traitements, P2 les deux mois suivants traitement et P3 l'année suivante (2013). Les différences significatives entre les ratios de traitements/référence pour les trois périodes indiquent une augmentation du ruissellement et de la concentration en sédiments après renouvellement des mini-terrasses avec un effet toujours présent pour P3. Le désherbage avec un herbicide n'a pas montré d'influence claire. Le traitement avec taille réduite des arbres d'ombrage a réduit l'érosion pour les conditions d'humidité de sol > 30 % seulement.Le ruissellement superficiel, la concentration en sédiments et la perte en terre ont été mesurés à l'exutoire d'un petit bassin versant (31 ha, de pente moyenne de 60 %) en 2012 et 2013. Seules les pluies de hauteur supérieure à 5 mm (169 événements) ont produit du ruissellement et l'essentiel des volumes ruisselés a été produit lors des fortes averses (> 40 mm). Les coefficients de ruissellement ont été faibles (0.9 %) aux deux échelles en 2013. Ils ont atteint 2.44 % pour les parcelles et 0.9 % pour le bassin versant en 2013. L'écoulement de base était également faible pour le bassin versant (13-16 % de la pluie totale) avec une grande partie de la pluie (environ 20 %) perdue par percolation. La concentration moyenne en sédiments a été d'environ 1.65 g l-1 à l'échelle de la parcelle avec des valeurs maximales de 5.64 g l-1. La concentration moyenne en sédiments à l'échelle du bassin versant a été de 0.51 g l-1. La perte de sol annuelle a été de 0.73 et 0.36 t ha-1 an-1 à l'échelle parcellaire (tous traitements confondus) pour 2012 et 2013 respectivement et de 0.46 et 1.24 t ha-1 yr-1 à l'échelle du bassin versant pour les mêmes années.Le système caféier étudié a présenté une perte en terre modérée liée à une protection importante de la surface du sol par la végétation. / The main objective of this work was to better understand soil erosion processes and dynamics on steep lands cultivated with a permanent crop (shade coffee).Eight large experimental plots were installed in a 65% average slope coffee plantation with Erythrina sp. as shade tree. The superficial runoff was measured every 5 min. and collected for sediment concentration measurement and soil loss assessment.Rainfall depth was 2206, 1778 and 2220 mm in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively with a marked succession of dry season and rainy season. Total runoff was 103, 54 and 33 mm along those three years. Annual average sediment concentration at plot scale was about 1.3 g l-1 with reduced temporal variations between years or rainfall events. The plots' average annual soil loss (under normal management) decreased from 1.69 to 0.91 and 0.58 t ha-1 from 2011 to 2013. An analysis of the temporal dynamics was performed in three time scales: annual-monthly, event and intra-event. Around 60% of rainfall and 90% of runoff and soil loss occurred each year during the August-October periods and more than half of it in October. Total event rainfall and soil water content explained most of surface runoff and soil loss dynamics, while inherited soil water storage from previous year played an important role on the relationship between rainfall and runoff dynamics the following year. A simple infiltration model (Diskin and Nazimov) was used to estimate runoff during a rainfall event.In 2012 four treatments were applied with two replicates each: no mini-terraces renewal, weed control with herbicide, reduced pruning pressure on shade trees and reference management. Three periods were considered: P1 before treatment application, P2 the next two months afterwards and P3 the year after (2013). The significant differences between treatments/reference ratios for the three periods suggested higher runoff and sediment concentration when mini-terraces were renewed and the effect decreased but was still present in P3. Chemical weed control did not show a clear trend. The reduced pruning treatment reduced erosion only for superficial soil moisture >30%.Superficial runoff, average sediment concentration and soil loss were monitored at the outlet of a small watershed (31 ha, 60% average slope) during 2012 and 2013. Rainfall events greater than 5 mm (169 events) produced runoff at both scales and most of runoff amount was produced for strong rainfalls (> 40 mm). The runoff coefficients were very low (0.9%) at both scales in 2013. But it was 2.44% for plots and 0.9% for watershed in 2013. The base flow was also very low on this watershed (13-16% of total rainfall) with a large part of the rainfall (about 20%) being lost by percolation. The average sediment concentration at the plots was about 1.65 g l-1 and the maximum value was 5.64 g l-1. The average sediment concentration at watershed scale was 0.51 g l-1. Estimated annual soil loss were 0.73 and 0.36 t ha-1 yr-1 at plots scale (all managements included) for 2012 and 2013 respectively and 0.46 and 1.24 t ha-1 yr-1 at watershed scale for thesame years.The shade coffee system studied showed a tolerable soil loss compared to the potential erosion due to the efficient vegetal surface protection.

The paper is to explore a model of supply chain management organic coffee in San Martin Region, which was by a long-term research project for organic coffee supply chain management in Peru. The investigation was consolidated with items of researchers who have experiences in the evaluation and analysis of the supply chain of agricultural products worldwide; on the other hand, it is also taken into account the risks affecting the development and fluency through whole supply chain. The contributions here is proposed model of supply chain management organic coffee is suitable for exploring external and internal problems encountered decrease the efficiency of the supply chain. The model is important to analyze and require observations of specialists to collaborate to perform basic modeling that can help solve the problems that improving processes and organizations in the coffee farmers’ cooperatives in the domestic and foreign market, and achieve recognition for their quality and sustainability in Peru.

The goal of this diploma thesis was to create a new marketing strategy for the chosen company. The company is seated in Prague and has been in the coffee industry business since 2003. The thesis was written to fulfill academic standards and to be a practical guide for the company itself. The first part of the thesis is the theoretical part containing theoretical principals of company strategy, situational analysis and marketing mix. In the second part we applied theory, real data, internal company workshops and our own survey to create a marketing strategy. The goal of the diploma thesis was fulfilled by creating a marketing strategy based on the company´s identity and values, carrying out a situational and market analysis and creation of a marketing mix.

This diploma thesis deals with the development of world coffee market and impacts for economic development of Ethiopia. First part is focused on characteristics of and trends in the world coffee market in terms of cultivation demands, world production, exports and domestic consumption in coffee growing regions. The analysis of world coffee prices, consequences and potential solutions of the global coffee crisis builds the core of the first part. The second part continues with analysis of economic development and economic structure of Ethiopia, from which follows the enormous economic importance of coffee for this poor country. Further, the coffe market and its developments is characterized - as far as produced and exported volume and prices paid to producers in the country are concerned. In conclusion of the second part the implications of Ethiopian development strategies into coffee sector are examined.

Since coffee was first introduced to Indonesia by Dutch merchants in the late seventeenth century, power relationships have shifted as a result of coffee trade between Indonesia and the Netherlands. In this thesis I analyse changes and recurrent themes in the struggles around coffee, structured around three main narratives spanning over 300 years: colonialism, Indonesian independence, and Fairtrade. The time-frames are chosen on the basis of significant development in the socio-economic and socio-political environment in the Indonesian coffee industry. The first narrative depicts the link between the Max Havelaar novel and the Max Havelaar Foundation, which sets the scene for bridging past and present in the triangular drama between coffee, colonialism and the Dutch-Indonesian relationship. In the second narrative, I will look at the history of relationships between Indonesia and the Netherlands, from the perspective of coffee. The inclusion of the lens of a feature or commodity, like coffee, provides a new approach to the Dutch-Indonesian history. The third narrative entails a discussion on the coffee supply chain, its environmental impact, and the price volatility that characterises the global coffee market. Additionally, the rise of sustainability certifications in the coffee sector are discussed, in relation to its impact on the Indonesian coffee industry. Finally, the three narratives come together in a final discussion, in which I reflect on the history of power struggles that arose from coffee trade between Indonesia and the Netherlands. The chapter links past and present by revealing similarities in the contest for power during colonial times and modern times in the Indonesian coffee industry.

This thesis set out to explore the changing nature of consumption patterns in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century London through the analysis of archaeological evidence previously excavated by the Museum of London Archaeology. The aim of this research was to address existing gaps and limitations within the existing methodology related to the excavation and analysis of these environments, to establish a more holistic method of approaching consumption practices from this period, and to explore the complexities which were being performed within the setting of these establishments. To do this, a typological system for artefact classification was developed which enabled the categorization of material by their fabric, form and their associated functions. The distribution patterns of the various types and functions across three sites and five establishments in the City of London were analyzed. The material was then assessed for patterns indicating changes in consumption. Linkages from these patterns are then made between historical themes and theoretical frameworks outlined within the thesis. Particular focus will be given to developing a better understanding of how these venues changed over time based on the degree of variation that can be perceived between the late seventeenth to the late eighteenth centuries. By exploring the character of consumption practices, I will demonstrate how they work together to provide a more complete picture of the complex systems at work. During the course of this research, specific objectives have been achieved and conclusions reached which make original contributions to the wider dialogues surrounding how meaningful patterns of consumption can be perceived and interpreted through material goods from establishments of social or public consumption. The focus on the everyday materials from closed deposits related to clearance episodes (Pearce 2000) from these establishments and their how they relate to emergent and shifting patterns of social trends in consumption is what separates this thesis from other scholarship on these and similar spaces. Significantly, this research differs from the previous examples by attempting to detect social change across a variety of classes and in a variety of different settings, all brought together in relatively modest atmospheres of social and public consumption. This has allowed for both the subtle and the overt shifts in social patterns to be detected, and from there, conclusions are drawn regarding wider social ideology.

The aim of the thesis is to make a marketing strategy of chosen coffee shop, which is situated in Slovakia. Therefore the analysis needed to achieve the given aim were analysis of macroenvironment in Slovakia, current trends in coffee drinking, coffee shop business (in Europe), competition in the town. Interviews with the owner of given coffee shop, owners of other successful coffee shops and the summarization of related theory, also contributed to the achievement of the aim. A partial aim was to gain knowledge about target group "women 40-65 years old", which was the object of a questionnaire. Acquired information was then summarized and used for designing the marketing strategy and proposals for improving the marketing mix that deals with issues of coffee shop.