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The Community Policing should not take only the policing viewpoint into consideration, but be carried out by taking the community as the core network functioning conformity. Strategic formulation of Community Policing cannot be self-lauded as police professionalism, but be understood in the context of solving policing problems connected with other topics that depend on widespread opinion consultation, research questionnaires and public verification. Community Policing is precisely what police and people share in mutual governance; it is a witnessing of public affairs participation that carries out democracy at the grassroots level. However, its foundation is established on effective communication, mutual understanding and confidence between the police and citizens. It also depends on environmental social capital to develop gradually. Therefore, it is the key to learn how to respect and yet contain different societies and individuals with cognition of their roles in such societies. Accordingly, we can try to seek collective mutual recognition. This research puts emphasis on the operation pattern of the ¡§partnership spirit¡¨ and the ¡§network governance¡¨ from the ¡§acts as circumstances permit¡¨ characteristic of Community Policing. In addition, it discusses the problem of lack of people-participation in Community Policing in the Penghu area by literature discussion (including area background material analysis), expert interview, interactive management (IM), questionnaire survey of society judgment theory (SJT), cross-territory analysis and so on. Through question analysis and interactive conference, 12 items of the first plan and enhancement drawings are obtained. It belongs to the fourth level according to the IM success rank, i.e. it can discover a suitable plan that promotes the participation of the populace, and thus can be recommended to the policing governance and relevant administration agencies. This research takes Penghu as the background and the IM as the interface. The community populace and the performers of Community Policing network (including government institution, private enterprise and Non-governmental organizations) are the main participants. Then, the collective consensus containing multi-dimensional individual cognition was delivered. Furthermore, the endorsement of the local policing decision-making group was investigated through the V-C-S strategic triangle analysis and the SJT questionnaire. Overall, the twelve plans of top priority can be categorized into three essential strategies: ¡§strengthen the policing management to respond to the populace¡¨, ¡§enhance community empowerment to form a policing network¡¨ and ¡§specialization community policing¡¨, separately presenting the viewpoint of three main participants: the experts, the populace, and the basic unit police. Moreover, ¡§specialization of Community Policing¡¨ was considered to be the top priority. However, taking the above essential strategies as the judgment cues to perform the SJT questionnaire to the local policing decision-making group demonstrates that the policing decision-making commanding officer most take seriously the notion of ¡§strengthen the policing management to respond to the populace¡¨, but the ground-roots staff most take seriously the ¡§enhance community empowerment to form policing network¡¨ strategy. Through the investigation, the IM model is proven to be effective in enhancing public participation in Community Policing affairs and reaching a consensus; through SJT questionnaires, the local policing decision-making group gave high approval to the key strategies from interactive deliberation. The result of the survey also shows that people in different positions could have various considerations and judgments. Thus, this research suggests that enforcement authorities can actualize their policies by adopting IM and reach consensus through public participation and mutual understanding.

Diss. Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2005.

BARBOZA, Anderson Duarte. Policiamento comunitário e educação: discursos de produção de uma "nova polícia". 2013. 104f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2013. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-02-27T11:34:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-DIS-ADBARBOZA.pdf: 932662 bytes, checksum: fec2f31ed4dd692387597864db0cc937 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-02-27T14:09:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-DIS-ADBARBOZA.pdf: 932662 bytes, checksum: fec2f31ed4dd692387597864db0cc937 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-27T14:09:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-DIS-ADBARBOZA.pdf: 932662 bytes, checksum: fec2f31ed4dd692387597864db0cc937 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Through analytical tools bequeathed by Michel Foucault, the study aims to investigate the changes in the Police, particularly with the adoption of the Community Policing Doctrine, which became widespread in Brazil in the 1980’s, in which a variety of discourses was used, especially the education, as a way to justify the actions of the Communitarian policeman, now seen as a cop-educator. Analyzing such doctrine, it is realized that, although the progressive perspectives that the term “communitary” confers to it, it has been articulated by a neoliberal governmentality, using the form of large private company as a management model to the Police Corporation and, finally, establishing a entrepreneurship culture among the policemen. All this resulting in greater control and governance of the population. / Através das ferramentas analíticas legadas por Michel Foucault, este trabalho buscou investigar as mudanças ocorridas na polícia, especialmente com a adoção da doutrina de policiamento comunitário, que passou a ser difundida no Brasil na década de 1980, utilizando-se de vários discursos, especialmente o da educação, como forma de justificação da atuação do policial comunitário, agora visto como um policial-educador. Analisando a referida doutrina, percebeu-se que, embora esteja sob os ares progressistas que o termo “comunitário” lhe confere, tem sido articulada por uma governamentalidade neoliberal, utilizando a forma da grande empresa privada como modelo de gestão das corporações policiais e, finalmente, instaurando uma cultura do empreendedorismo entre os sujeitos policiais. Tudo isso implicando em um maior controle e governamento da população

Submitted by Fabiany Feitosa (fabiany.sousa@ufba.br) on 2016-03-15T22:01:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raimundo Cézar Magalhães Dantas.pdf: 1946447 bytes, checksum: 8078c3f94625c5784ede58e56cc5db63 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2016-03-22T21:33:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Raimundo Cézar Magalhães Dantas.pdf: 1946447 bytes, checksum: 8078c3f94625c5784ede58e56cc5db63 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T21:33:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raimundo Cézar Magalhães Dantas.pdf: 1946447 bytes, checksum: 8078c3f94625c5784ede58e56cc5db63 (MD5) / O presente trabalho trata da Gestão Participativa e Polícia Comunitária – uma análise da participação social na gestão da polícia ostensiva da Base Comunitária de Segurança do Calabar. Objetivou discutir como o conceito de participação social emerge desse instrumento de política pública de segurança na comunidade do Calabar, a partir das práticas e discursos dos moradores e policiais. Para tal estudo de caso, realizou-se pesquisa de campo (questionário online) e residência social mapeando aproximações, sobreposições, vazios, contradições em torno da participação social, como princípio constitucional organizativo e norteador das políticas públicas, tendo como matriz de análise o perfil da participação e o processo de construção do interesse coletivo. Verificou-se que os moradores do Calabar não participam da gestão da polícia ostensiva, apesar dos policiais considerarem altamente participativa a gestão da base comunitária de segurança. Os moradores vêm-na como forma de controle e colaboração sem necessariamente se sentirem movidos a participar. Os dados apresentados na pesquisa realizada evidenciaram que na comunidade do Calabar e na gestão da BCS é estimulada a participação de cidadãos a título individual e voluntário, e que há limites no processo de institucionalização da participação social na gestão da BCS, pois se verificou a existência de processos consultivos ao invés de deliberativos, além da falta de informações e esclarecimentos sobre a estrutura de gestão da segurança local. / ABSTRACT The present work deals with the participatory management and Community Police – an analysis of the social participation in the management of the Police Community Base of ostensible safety of Calabar. Aimed to discuss how the concept of social participation emerges from this public policy instrument of security in the community of Calabar, from the practices and discourses of the residents and police. For this case study, field research was carried out (online questionnaire) and social residence mapping approaches, overlaps, gaps, inconsistencies around social participation, as constitutional principle guiding organizational and public policy analysis matrix, as the profile of the participation and the process of construction of the collective interest. It was found that the residents of Calabar did not participate in the management of the police, despite the ostensible cops consider highly participatory community-based management of security. The residents have come in as a form of control and collaboration without necessarily feel moved to participate. The data presented in the survey conducted showed that in the community of Calabar and in managing the BCS is stimulated the participation of individual citizens and voluntary and that there are limits in the process of institutionalization of social participation in the management of the BCS, because if there was consultative rather than deliberative processes, in addition to the lack of information and clarifications about the site safety management structure.

This thesis deals with the tasks, activities, competences and education system of police and city police in order to comparing and proposing of the methodological tools for effective and efficient cooperation between the two components. Although each component has a very different structure and organization and substantive and territorial jurisdiction, activities of city police in some areas closely linked with the activities of police (supervision of public order in the city) or it is linked to the activities of police (reporting of crimes the police). Currently, there is necessary that the both components cooperated with one another, have functional channels and are constantly informed about important matters that take place within the activity of the components (police inform about search persons, about robberies, burglaries). Similarly, the education system and its form in the police and local police is very different simply because the police as a component of the state is organized from the central level, while the individual city police is controlled from the local level. Therefore depends on the decision of who controls the local city police, what kind of above standard training would provide police officers and what funds can allocate to this training. Currently, many city police have more available funds for equipment, instrumentation or training than the police, but on the other side missing some permissions that would help them operate more efficiently. The minor modification of an existing legislative authority of the municipal police would often resolve cases without the same time necessary police assistance The aim of this thesis is to outline how the city police could cooperate with the police more intensively and effectively in cities, provided that they solved some minor problems, and also propose optimal level of police officeres training in cities.

La thèse étudie la nature des formes locales de gouvernance dans le domaine de la police ; elle porte sur le Comté de Kisii situé au sud-ouest de la Kenya. L’étude reconstitue l’histoire des groupes locaux de police opérant dans le Comté de Kisii entre 1990-2016, en mettant l’accent sur la nature, les modes de fonctionnement et l’interaction avec les processus juridiques et politiques. Elle examine les acteurs au niveau local, leurs activités quotidiennes et leurs relations avec l’Etat en cherchant à expliquer les trajectoires de police locale (la police de proximité et les groupes de vigilantes d’autodéfense) sous l’influence de dynamiques juridique et non juridique ; en particulier la place du droit dans la mise en application de la loi et son rôle dans la réforme des pratiques policières d’autodéfense (Vigilantes) et de la police de proximité communautaire. Les facteurs sociaux et politiques sont pris en considération dans la mesure où ils affectent le maintien de l’ordre, les pratiques et les résultats, l’amélioration de la gouvernance. Ces facteurs sont mis en contexte en raison de grands changements suite aux réformes constitutionnelles. Pour ce faire, la recherche s’est appuyée sur des méthodes qualitatives d’enquête, principalement l’utilisation des entrevues et sur des sources primaires et secondaires pertinentes, sur une bibliographie, des lois et des recueils de jurisprudence. L’étude révèle des gains, une plus large participation et une « inclusivité » dans les mécanismes de gouvernance locale en comparaison avec les stratégies policières préexistantes pratiquées par la police et les groupes d’autodéfense, qui reposaient sur une participation communautaire minimale. Si l’usage accru du Droit associé au développement de formes nuancées de la police communautaire, reste minime pour l’Etat, les changements sont plutôt attribuables à des usages quotidiens dynamiques du droit et l’action sociale par les membres des communautés dans le cadre de mécanismes de gouvernance locaux désireux d’accroître et d’améliorer le potentiel et les relations État-société. L’étude conclut que malgré un certain nombre de changements dans la lutte contre la criminalité non violente, la transition n’a pas été sans faille : les améliorations dans les relations État-société et dans un meilleur respect sociétal du droit sont compromises par des épisodes de recours à la force, par des asymétries dans la coopération entre l’administration locale et la Communauté, et suite à un soutien inadéquat à la police communautaire et à ses supports culturels. (Gouvernance, police communautaire, groupe vigilante, Kisii, Kenya). / The thesis entails the study of the changing nature of local forms of governance in Kisii County situated in south-western Kenya. The study entails situating the histories of local policing groups operating in Kisii County between 1990-2016, focusing on the nature, modes of operation and interaction with legal and political processes. It examines actors at the societal level, their everyday activities and their relationship with the state in seeking to explain local policing (community policing and vigilante) trajectories as influenced by legal and non-legal dynamics. It examines the place of law in determining the nature of non-state enforcement of law and order and the extent to which it has played a role in reforming policing practices from vigilantism to community policing in Kisii County. It also examines social and political factors, how they affect policing practices and outcomes with an objective of advancing alternatives for better representations of the function of law and for purposes of improving governance. These factors are contextualized within the broad changes in the macro governance structure catalyzed by constitutional reforms. The study undertakes such examination through the use of qualitative methods of inquiry primarily the use of interviews and also review of relevant primary and secondary sources including books, scholarly journals, legislation and law reports. The study reveals that generally there are gains on wider participation and inclusivity in local governance mechanisms compared to pre-existing policing strategies as practiced by police and vigilante which had minimal community involvement. The increased instrumentalization of law by the state has made little contribution to the gains associated with the development of nuanced forms of community policing. Rather the changes in policing are attributable to dynamic everyday uses of law and societal action by community members in joint local governance mechanisms hence increasing the potential for better state-society relations. The study concludes that notwithstanding a number of changes towards non-violent crime fighting, the transition has not been seamless as gains on state-society relations and improved societal adherence to law are compromised by episodes of use of force, asymmetries in the co-operation between the local government administration and the community, inadequate support for community policing and existing cultural constructs on governance. (gouvernance, local policing group, vigilante, community policing, Kissi Kenya).

The purpose of this study will explore increasing gang membership, gang structure, and strategies utilized by the criminal justice system in attempting to curb gang-related crime and activities. Through a quantitative research study, the researcher examined crime in the cities of Garden Grove, California and Santa Ana, California in an attempt to determine the success of the Santa Nita Gang Injunction in reducing crime within the injunctions "safety zone."

Police and the community--COP program.

[pt] Esta pesquisa aborda a questão de segurança pública no Rio de Janeiro a partir da perspectiva de cultura cívica, como elaborado por autores como Alexis de Tocqueville (2000), Almond e Verba (1963), Putnam (1993), José Álvaro Moisés (2010), e Elisa Reis (1995). Mais especificamente, ela procura entender os resultados das várias tentativas de reformas policiais que usaram o modelo de policiamento comunitário sem de fato mudar a estrutura do aparato de segurança no estado. Feitas estas análises, a pesquisa tentará colocar os Conselhos Comunitários de Segurança do Rio de Janeiro e CONSPERJ dentro do contexto das reformas policiais no estado para entender por que que este modelo foi escolhido e o que de fato mudou na política de segurança política com esse programa. O intuito maior é entender o papel da cultura cívica nas escolhas políticas em relação à segurança pública no estado. Muitas pesquisas já elaboradas2 focam nas dificuldades estruturais e culturais dentro da corporação policial, e uma pesquisa que também considera o papel da sociedade civil carioca pode fornecer uma perspectiva importante sobre as influências na segurança pública no estado e as saídas possíveis para um modelo de segurança mais justo e menos opressivo. / [en] This study addresses public security in Rio de Janeiro from the perspective of civic culture, following along the lines of Alexis de Tocqueville (2000), Almond and Verba (1963), Putnam (1993), José Álvaro Moisés (2010), and Elisa Reis (1995). More specifically, it seeks to understand the result of various police reforms which modeled themselves on community policing without truly changing the structure of the State s public security institutions. The study will attempt to place CONSPERJ and the Rio de Janeiro Community Security Councils within this content in order to understand why this model was chosen and what it managed to change regarding public security policy in the state. The study also seeks to understand the role that civil society plays in RJ public security policy decisions. Many studies have already focused on the cultural and structural difficulties faced when attempting police reform in the state, and a study on how civil society influences this process can provide an important perspective on public security in the state as well as potential models for a fairer, less oppressive model of public security.