This study examines Sustainable Community Development (SCD) in the context of the Baltic Sea Region. The research focuses on understanding a model for SCD piloted in Robertsfors, Sweden. The model is said to be transferable to any community around the world. This study seeks to understand the concepts and tools used in the Robertsfors Model. It also examines whether the model is strategic with regards to sustainability and whether it is successful in engaging the local community around these issues. Considerations for transferability are also addressed, focusing specifically on the Eastern Baltic Sea Region. Opportunities for improving the model are also studied. A combination of secondary research, in the form of literature review and primary research (structured interviews and questionnaires) was used to explore these questions. Propositions about SCD and questions for further research emerged from this study.

The disposal of large amounts of waste still containing energetic value is a central challenge in the waste management of the Brazilian sugarcane industry. As a sustainable solution, the biogas process appears to be a suitable technology for treating sugarcane waste products and for providing valuable commodities such as energy-rich biogas and digestate with fertilizer properties. Additionally, the proper treatment of the four major waste types (straw, bagasse, filter cake and vinasse) would avoid greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution and environmental contamination of soil and water. In order to investigate the feasibility and reliability of biogas production from sugarcane wastes, the microbial community dynamics of laboratory-scale reactors were assessed under different start-up strategies. Despite the promising results of the methane potential for all the waste products, chemical and physical pre-treatments were applied successfully to increase the methane yield of straw, bagasse and filter cake. The microbial community dynamics observed during co-digestion of filter cake and bagasse showed, together with the process parameters, that cattle manure can be effectively used as an inoculum for the start-up of a biogas process in the remote-located sugarcane industry. Monitoring methanogenic community dynamics at high organic loading rate of filter cake and bagasse demonstrated that the genera Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium are the major methanogens that produce biogas, even under process imbalances. Moreover, the results obtained from the process parameters and methanogenic community analyses revealed that the stable isotope fingerprinting technique may be a potential monitoring tool for quickly identifying changes in the methanogenic pathway, which indicates process disturbances. In conclusion, these studies established techniques for the efficient substrate processing and start-up procedure of a biogas process designed for the anaerobic digestion of sugarcane wastes, and by these means provided a highly detailed profile of the microbial community in relation to process parameters.

The Philadelphia Public History Truck is a nearly two-year-old mobile museum project which creates interdisciplinary exhibitions about the history of Philadelphia neighborhoods with those who live, work, and play within the places and spaces of the city. Since I founded the project in 2013, I have navigated partnerships with both grassroots organizations and larger institutions and faced a wide-ranging gamut of experiences worthy of examination by public historians concerned with power and production of history as well as practice-based reflexivity. The first half of this thesis documents my key reflections of the first eighteen months of work and serves as a primary source on the project. This paper also places History Truck into a long historiography of both public history and mobility in the United States of America to explain the emergence of what I am calling the New Mobile History, an emerging form of practice in which community members and public historians work together from the onset of project development using ephemerality and movement as a tool for creativity and civic-driven history making. By analyzing oral history interviews with Cynthia Little and Michael Frisch, I argue firstly that Philadelphia was the birthplace of this New Mobile History. Secondly, I posit that for this New Mobile History to continue evolving, public historians must balance digital work and relationship-based process to create exhibitions which directly serve communities of memory. Lastly, I consider one possible future for History Truck, including its transformation from project to nonprofit organization manned by post-M.A. fellows who have the ability to work passionately on city streets and with new media. / History

This study examines Sustainable Community Development (SCD) in the context of the Baltic Sea Region. The research focuses on understanding a model for SCD piloted in Robertsfors, Sweden. The model is said to be transferable to any community around the world. This study seeks to understand the concepts and tools used in the Robertsfors Model. It also examines whether the model is strategic with regards to sustainability and whether it is successful in engaging the local community around these issues. Considerations for transferability are also addressed, focusing specifically on the Eastern Baltic Sea Region. Opportunities for improving the model are also studied. A combination of secondary research, in the form of literature review and primary research (structured interviews and questionnaires) was used to explore these questions. Propositions about SCD and questions for further research emerged from this study. / Den här magister uppsats berättar on hållbar kommunal utveckling i Blatik havet region. / Postal address: Götgatan 58 11826 Stockholm; mobil: 0734-434149, e-mail: koyurygen1@yahoo.com

文中所稱之「文化取向的傳播研究」，是以英國的文化研究（CULTURAL STUDIES）為 代表。第一章導論，分析傳播之主流研究，並指出其極限，進而說明文化研究正可補 其不足。第二章試圖勾勒出研究的內涵。第三、四、五章闡釋文化研究的巨擘──雷 蒙•威廉斯之三組核心概念，分別是：１•文化、傳播與過程社區（COMMUNITY OF PROCESS） ；2•感知結構（STRUCTURE OF FEELING） ；３•整體傳播過程中的意圖 （INTENTION） 與霸權（HEGEMONY）。第六章結論，檢討威廉斯所代表之文化研究， 並嘗試指出威廉斯論點中何供本地文化及傳播研究借鏡之處。

Sweden should be internationally leading in taking advantage of the opportunities offered by digitalization. Though several industries report successes, the community-building sector is far behind. The Swedish government has initiated several assignments to enable and push the digitalization of the community-building process forward. The process that has been analogous, time-consuming, fragmented and resulted in a loss of valuable information, shall become digital, uniform, and cohesive, as well as facilitate decision-making, collaboration, information- and knowledge flows. This thesis has been limited to studying the planning and building permit process, a central part of the community-building process, from an innovation ecosystem perspective. The purpose has been to understand how actors collaborate to realize the goal of a digital community-building process. It includes understanding also how actors work and relate to digitalization internally in their organization, how they interact with others, what roles they take, as well as what values, challenges, and success factors they identify. Literature- and document studies have been completed to understand innovation ecosystems, digitalization in the sector and how the innovation ecosystem perspective can be used to understand the digitization of the planning and building permit process. Interviews have been held with eight different actors who in various ways are significant for the digitization of the process. The result clarifies that the actors have reached different digital maturity. While some have taken on a leadership role, are innovative and explore opportunities, others are waiting to see which direction the sector takes and are open to adapting to the results of other actors' exploring and innovations. Moreover, the history of a long collaboration has served as a foundation for the actors' work with digitalization and proved crucial for achieving the goal of a cohesive digital process. The results have also clarified that actors have different knowledge and specializations that consequently established dependence on other actors and affect each actor's capacity for action. Furthermore, several identified challenges of legal, economic, and political character, need to be solved for the process to be digitized. Challenges also relate to some of the digital technology that is implemented neither meets legal requirements nor the requirements of the actors. Simultaneously digitalization requires new working methods and new knowledge among employees. The central identified values are efficiency, and the increased collective understanding and knowledge visual models enable. It can also result in higher quality and consensus on decisions and detailed plans, as well as new opportunities for evaluation, analysis, and optimization, and hopefully enable more sustainable development. / Sverige ska vara bäst i världen på att tillvarata digitaliseringens möjligheter, men trots att flera branscher redovisar framgångar ligger samhällsbyggandssektorn långt efter. För att pådriva och möjliggöra en digitalisering av samhällsbyggnadsprocessen har regeringen initierat en rad uppdrag. Processen som varit analog, tidskrävande, fragmenterad och resulterat i att värdefull information går förlorad, ska bli digital, enhetlig, sammanhållen och underlätta beslutsfattande, samverkan, informations- och kunskapsflöden. Uppsatsen har avgränsats till att studera digitaliseringen av skedena plan- och bygglovsprocessen från ett innovationsekosystemperspektiv. Syftet har varit att förstå hur aktörer samverkar för att realisera målbilden om en digital samhällsbyggnadsprocess. Det har även inneburit att förstå hur aktörerna arbetar och förhåller dig till digitalisering internt, vilka roller de tar, hur de samverkar och vad för värden, utmaningar och framgångsfaktorer de identifierar. Litteratur- och dokumentstudier har genomförts för att skapa en förståelse för innovationsekosystem, digitalisering inom sektorn samt för hur innovationsekosystemperspektivet kan användas för att förstå digitaliseringen av plan- och bygglovsprocessen. Intervjuer har hållits med åtta olika aktörer som på olika sätt är betydande för digitaliseringen av processen. Resultatet har tydliggjort att aktörerna arbetar med digitalisering på olika sätt. Medan vissa tagit på sig en ledartröja, är innovativa och utforskar möjligheter, är andra mer inväntande för att se vilken riktning sektorn tar och är öppna för att anpassa sig till resultaten av andra aktörers utforskande. Den samverkan som länge funnits etablerat har lagt en grund för digitaliseringsarbetet och visat sig vara avgörande för att målbilden om en digital sammanhållen process ska kunna uppnås. Resultatet har även visat att aktörer har olika specialiseringar som skapat ett beroende till andra aktörers kompetenser och utrymme för agerande. Det finns flera identifierade utmaningar som behöver lösas för att processen ska gå att digitalisera. De är av såväl juridisk, ekonomisk och politisk karaktär. Det handlar även om att den digitala teknik som finns inte uppfyller aktörernas krav. Digitaliseringen innebär även nya arbetsmetoder och att anställda behöver nya kunskaper. De främsta identifierade värdena är effektivisering och att man genom visuella modeller får en ökad kollektiv förståelse och kunskap. Det kan även resultera i högre kvalitet och samsyn på beslut och detaljplaner, samt helt nya möjligheter för utvärdering, analys och optimering vilket förhoppningsvis kan möjliggöra en hållbarare utveckling.