Introdução: O avanço terapêutico e tecnológico em cardiologia tem possibilitado a sobrevivência de pessoas acometidas pela doença arterial coronária. Técnicas de cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (RM) sem o uso de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) possibilitaram resultados operatórios com menor dano sistêmico, menor ocorrência de complicações clínicas, menor permanência na sala de terapia intensiva e também no tempo de internação, gerando expectativas de melhor qualidade de vida (QV) dos pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a qualidade de vida em pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronária em múltiplos vasos, com angina estável e função ventricular preservada encaminhados para revascularização miocárdica com e sem circulação extracorpórea no período de 12 meses. Métodos: Utilizou-se o questionário genérico de avaliação de qualidade de vida Medical Outcomes Study 36-ItemShort-Form Health Survey (SF-36) e o questionário perfil demográfico em 202 pacientes randomizados para uma das duas técnicas cirúrgicas nos períodos préoperatório, 6 e 12 meses após o procedimento. Resultados: Entre janeiro de 2002 e dezembro de 2006, 105 pacientes foram encaminhados para cirurgia sem circulação extracorpórea e 97 deles foram submetidos à cirurgia com circulação extracorpórea. As características demográficas, clínicas, laboratoriais e angiográficas foram semelhantes nos dois grupos. A avaliação da qualidade de vida mostrou similaridade nos dois grupos em relação ao componente físico e mental, demonstrando melhora de todos os domínios analisados no decorrer do seguimento. Não foi também observada interferência da técnica cirúrgica em relação ao gênero. Entretanto, analisando a freqüência da melhora em cada dimensão ao final de 12 meses, conforme o tipo de cirurgia, foi observado que a cirurgia sem CEC foi um marcador independente de melhora no domínio estado geral de saúde, e os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia sem CEC apresentaram uma chance duas vezes maior de melhora neste domínio, quando comparados aos submetidos à cirurgia com CEC. Além disso, notou-se uma diferença significativa em relação ao número de pacientes que retornou ao trabalho no grupo sem CEC quando comparado ao grupo com CEC. Conclusão: Independente da técnica cirúrgica empregada, houve melhora da percepção da qualidade de vida em todos os domínios avaliados após 6 meses de seguimento que se prolongou até o final do estudo. / Introduction: The therapeutic and technological advances in cardiology have enabled the survival of people affected by coronary artery disease. Techniques for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has enabled surgical results, with less systemic damage, lower incidence of clinical complications, a shorter stay in the intensive care room and also in length of stay, generating expectations of better quality of life (QoL) of patients. Objective: To evaluate and compare the self-perceived quality of life in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease with stable angina and preserved ventricular function randomized for CABG with or without cardiopulmonary bypass during the twelve months period. Methods: The generic questionnaire of QoL Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and demographic profile questionnaire were applied on 202 patients randomized for one of the two surgical techniques options at baseline, 6 and 12 months follow-up. Results: Between January 2002 and December 2006, 105 and 97 patients were submitted to surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass or with cardiopulmonary bypass, respectively. The demographic, clinical, laboratory and angiographic characteristics were similar in both groups. The assessment of quality of life showed similarity in both groups regarding to physical and mental components, showing improvement in all 8 subscales domain of the SF-36 across the follow-up. Additionally, analyzing the frequency of improvement in each dimension at 12 months, stratified by the type of technical surgery, we found the off-pump surgery was an independent marker of improvement in overall health status. Patients underwent surgery without CPB had two-fold increase risk of improvement in health status. In addition, no interaction was found between surgical technique and gender. Regarding to return to work after surgery, higher number of patients on offpump group was observed compared to on-pump group. Conclusion: Regardless of surgical technique used, comparable improved perception of quality of life in all dimensions was observed after six months follow-up lasting until the end of the study.

Recent research in Australia has found that people with a mental illness experience higher mortality rates from preventable illnesses, such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and diabetes compared to the general population. Lifestyle and other behavioural factors contribute significantly to these illnesses. Lifestyle behaviours that affect these illnesses include lack of physical activity, consumption of a poor diet and cigarette smoking. Research on the influence of these factors has been mainly directed towards the mainstream population in Australia. Consequently, there remains limited understanding of health behaviours among individuals with psychiatric disabilities, their health needs, or factors influencing their participation in protective health behaviours. This thesis presents findings from two studies. Study 1 evaluated the utility of the main components of Roger’s (1983) Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to explain health behaviours among people with a mental illness. A clinical population of individuals with schizophrenia (N=83), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (N=70) and individuals without a mental illness (N=147) participated in the study. Respondents provided information on intentions and self-reported behaviour of engaging in physical activity, following a low-fat diet, and stopping smoking. Study 2 investigated the health care service needs of people with psychiatric disabilities (N=20). Results indicated that the prevalence of overweight, cigarette smoking and a sedentary lifestyle were significantly greater among people with a mental illness compared to that reported for individuals without a mental illness. Major predictors of the lack of intentions to adopt health behaviours among individuals with schizophrenia and MDD were high levels of fear of cardiovascular disease, lack of knowledge of correct dietary principles, lower self-efficacy, a limited social support network and a high level of psychiatric symptoms. In addition, findings demonstrated that psychiatric patients are disproportionately higher users of medical services, but they are under-users of preventive medical care services. These differences are primarily due to a lack of focus on preventive health, feelings of disempowerment and lower satisfaction of patient-doctor relationships. Implications of these results are discussed in terms of designing education and preventive programs for individuals with schizophrenia and MDD.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2006. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [174]-186). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2006. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Sept. 15, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2003. / Restricted until October 2004. Bibliography: leaves 95-101.

Thesis--University of Helsinki, 1990. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Orientador: Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei / Banca: Carlos Marcelo Pastre / Banca: Francis da Silva Lopes / Resumo: A perda de massa muscular secundária à idade e à inatividade física é clinicamente relevante na população cardíaca, contudo a prescrição do exercício resistido dinâmico para esses pacientes apresenta-se inconclusiva na literatura. Objetivo: Reunir informações sobre a especificidade dos componentes do treinamento resistido prescrito à população cardiopata. Metodologia: Foi realizada busca sistemática de literatura, a partir das bases de dados LILACS, SciELO e PubMed, utilizando os seguintes descritores na língua portuguesa: força muscular, exercício isométrico, esforço físico, cardiopatia e coronariopatia, e seus correspondentes na língua inglesa (muscle strength, isometric exercise, physical effort, heart disease e artery coronary disease), os quais foram ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Loss of muscle mass secondary to age and physical inactivity is clinically relevant in cardiac population, however dynamic resistance exercise prescription to these patients presents inconclusive in literature. Objective: Adjoin information about specific components of resistance exercise prescribed to cardiac population. Methodology: Systematic search was performed, using the data bases LILACS, SciELO and PubMed. The descriptors used were: muscle strength, isometric exercise, physical effort, heart disease and artery coronary disease, which were surveyed separately and combined, considering for this review articles that ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre