Global ETD Search

91	Plasticity in the intermediolateral cell column of the spinal cord following injury to sympathetic postganglionic axons Gannon, Sean Michael 11 August 2014 (has links) No description available. Biology Neurobiology Neurosciences Cellular Biology intermediolateral cell column IML transneuronal effects of injury superior cervical ganglion SCG sympathetic plasticity paraventricular nucleus PVN choline acetyltransferase ChAT transsynaptic corticotropin-releasing factor CRF spinal cord
92	Endokrinní a metabolické aspekty vybraných spánkový ch poruch / Endocrine and Metabolic Aspects of Various Sleep Disorders Vimmerová-Lattová, Zuzana January 2013 (has links) Endocrine and Metabolic Aspects of Various Sleep Disorders MUDr. Zuzana Vimmerová Lattová Abstract: Recent epidemiological and experimental data suggest a negative influence of shortened or disturbed night sleep on glucose tolerance. However, no comparative studies of glucose metabolism have been conducted in clinical sleep disorders. Dysfunction of the HPA axis may play a causative role in some sleep disorders and in other sleep disorders it may be secondary to the sleep disorder. Moreover, dysfunction of the HPA axis is regarded as a possible causative factor for the impaired glucose sensitivity associated with disturbed sleep. However, data on HPA system activity in sleep disorders are sparse and conflicting. We studied 25 obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, 18 restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients, 21 patients with primary insomnia and compared them to 33 healthy controls. We performed oral glucose tolerance test and assessed additional parameters of glucose metabolism. The dynamic response of the HPA system was assessed by the DEX-CRH-test which combines suppression (dexamethasone) and stimulation (CRH) of the stress hormone system. Compared to controls, increased rates of impaired glucose tolerance were found in OSA (OR: 4.9) and RLS (OR: 4.7), but not in primary insomnia. In addition, HbA1c...
93	Female-Specific Role of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in the Medial Amygdala in Promoting Stress Responses Jia, Cuihong, Gill, Wesley D., Lovins, Chiharu, Brown, Russell W., Hagg, Theo 01 March 2022 (has links) Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is produced by astrocytes which have been implicated in regulating stress responses. We found that CNTF in the medial amygdala (MeA) promotes despair or passive coping, i.e., immobility in an acute forced swim stress, in female mice, while having no effect in males. Neutralizing CNTF antibody injected into the MeA of wildtype females reduced activation of downstream STAT3 (Y705) 24 and 48 h later. In concert, the antibody reduced immobility in the swim test in females and only after MeA injection, but not when injected in the central or basolateral amygdala. Antibody injected into the male MeA did not affect immobility. These data reveal a unique role of CNTF in female MeA in promoting despair or passive coping behavior. Moreover, 4 weeks of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) increased immobility in the swim test and reduced sucrose preference in wildtype CNTF+/+, but not CNTF-/- littermate, females. Following CUS, 10 min of restraint stress increased plasma corticosterone levels only in CNTF+/+ females. In males, the CUS effects were present in both genotypes. Further, CUS increased CNTF expression in the MeA of female, but not male, mice. CUS did not alter CNTF in the female hippocampus, hypothalamus and bed nucleus of stria terminalis. This suggests that MeA CNTF has a female-specific role in promoting CUS-induced despair or passive coping, behavioral anhedonia and neuroendocrine responses. Compared to CNTF+/+ mice, CNTF-/- mice did not show differences in CUS-induced anxiety-like behavior and sensorimotor gating function as measured by elevated T-Maze, open field and pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response. Together, this study reveals a novel CNTF-mediated female-specific mechanism in stress responses and points to opportunities for developing treatments for stress-related disorders in women. anhedonia BLA basolateral amygdala BNST bed nucleus of stria terminalis CNTF ciliary neurotrophic factor CRF corticotropin releasing factor CUS chronic unpredictable stress CeA central amygdala Chronic unpredictable stress HPA hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Hyp hypothalamus IL-6 interleukin-6 LIF leukemia inhibitory factor MeA medial amygdala neuroendocrine response Neutralizing antibody PAG periaqueductal grey PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder PVN paraventricular nucleus passive stress-coping stereotaxic injection TNF tumor necrosis factor mPFC medial prefrontal cortex Biomedical Sciences

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