Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais, 2008. / Submitted by Jaqueline Oliveira (jaqueoliveiram@gmail.com) on 2008-12-05T16:39:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_2008_JoanisvalBritoGoncalves.pdf: 3326471 bytes, checksum: 0ab0da5b0f5e851a6bda2fd15a6a33ab (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Georgia Fernandes(georgia@bce.unb.br) on 2009-02-17T17:41:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_2008_JoanisvalBritoGoncalves.pdf: 3326471 bytes, checksum: 0ab0da5b0f5e851a6bda2fd15a6a33ab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-02-17T17:41:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_2008_JoanisvalBritoGoncalves.pdf: 3326471 bytes, checksum: 0ab0da5b0f5e851a6bda2fd15a6a33ab (MD5) / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo o estudo do controle da atividade de inteligência em regimes democráticos, com ênfase no controle externo exercido pelo Poder Legislativo. A primeira parte da Tese dedica-se à apresentação da influência da atividade de inteligência nas relações internacionais, aos aspectos conceituais, teóricos e metodológicos da inteligência e do controle da Administração Pública e dos serviços secretos. A partir desse embasamento doutrinário, segue-se para a segunda parte, na qual são estudados os casos do Brasil e do Canadá, considerando-se a maneira como os sistemas de inteligência se estruturaram em cada país e como se exerce o controle da comunidade de informações. Conclui-se comparando os modelos de supervisão e revisão brasileiro e canadense, e discutindo-se a possibilidade de aproveitamento da experiência de ambos para o perfeiçoamento do controle. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The main objective of this Dissertation is to study intelligence and the mechanisms of control over secret services, particularly in Brazil and Canada. The first part of the Dissertation is dedicated to analyze the influence of intelligence in international relations along history. It also contains a presentation of theoretical and methodological approaches of intelligence, and a general perspective of control related to secret services. The second part evolves the study of the intelligence systems in Brazil and in Canada, and the particular mechanisms of control and accountability in each country. To conclude, a comparison between Brazil and Canada is made, considering the control of the intelligence community, especially in terms of external review and oversight.

This research will analyze the impact of bipartisan politics and the media's conflicting role in influencing public perceptions regarding national security issues. The central focus is on popular media narratives, critically examined as an impediment to fostering unified public solidarity or opposition regarding the enactment of controversial legislation. In light of the increase in geopolitical conflict and the pervasive nature of terrorism, this study attempts to analyze the media's public role versus the privacy of clandestine agencies whose policies, albeit controversial address critical national security concerns. As a result, the conflict inherent between institutional and public spheres provides the groundwork for discursive and objective analysis.Empirical data collection and critical analysis of relevant materials; academic journals, online archives and published works by individuals active in media and national security, provide the primary source of qualitative data. Research was primarily inductive. Analysis effectively combined data from various qualitative sources in an effort to justify the central hypothesis. Contemporary tragic events also provided a supplemental source of relevant content. It is important to note, such events resonate with the rationalization arrived at in the conclusion.The principle aim of this research was to address the question: Does the media's promotion of the bipartisan political agenda impede or enhance national security policies? In addition, is the role of the media reflective of state subservience or does the media actively challenge national security initiatives, e.g. curtailing of civil liberties, human rights violations and loss of constitutional freedoms? The analysis further subjected by cross-disciplinary inquiry and academic theories pertinent to achieving the principle aims of this research.The theoretical framework and methodology utilized was consistent with political discourse analysis (PDA), specifically textual, as all discursive elements were present within the collected source materials. Additional analysis utilizing mediatization and audience theories provides the proper contextualization within communicative and media studies. Contemporary events surrounding geopolitical conflict, race relations and terrorism in relation to the institutional and international response, provides further demonstrable results, which is commensurate with the overall conclusions of this study.The outcome and results of this research indicate that mainstream media provides both a support role, emphasizing status quo narratives concerning national and international political perspectives and policy, and also a contradictory role impeding domestic solidarity by exacerbating political division along the usual bipartisan lines. The specific focus on legislation that results in expanding judicial powers surrounding national security concerns. Such policies often interpreted as contrary to the preservation of domestic freedoms. These findings correlate with Couldry and Hepp's notions of institutionalist mediatization theory regarding the media as innately powerful agents of change, imparting influence on audiences and non-media actors.

This thesis examines how Shinzo Abe’s historical perspectives on “comfort women” and the Nanjing Massacre are influenced by global demands. Abe’s official account on these issues have been affected by pressures to reconcile with South Korea and to face China’s rise for strategic reasons. This originates from sources including think tanks such as the Center for Strategic and International Studies and media. Joseph Nye’s concept of soft power will provide the theoretical background to analyze Abe’s views on both issues. The existence and method through which these pressures are applied will be detailed and explored. This research will hope to contribute to the understanding of historical memory in the Asia-Pacific and how it remains an issue that undergoes changes in the current political climate. / Graduate