Submitted by Kenia Bernini (kenia.bernini@ufpel.edu.br) on 2018-10-23T20:43:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Taslins_Ferreira_Herbstrith_Dissertação.pdf: 3014892 bytes, checksum: 344c9e442547134b98da4e5dc2bcc273 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-11-06T18:53:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Taslins_Ferreira_Herbstrith_Dissertação.pdf: 3014892 bytes, checksum: 344c9e442547134b98da4e5dc2bcc273 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-11-06T18:53:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Taslins_Ferreira_Herbstrith_Dissertação.pdf: 3014892 bytes, checksum: 344c9e442547134b98da4e5dc2bcc273 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-06T18:54:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Taslins_Ferreira_Herbstrith_Dissertação.pdf: 3014892 bytes, checksum: 344c9e442547134b98da4e5dc2bcc273 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-16 / Esta dissertação analisa as relações de gênero, história e sociedade, a partir da trajetória de duas mulheres artistas ativamente inseridas no campo da Arte na França no final do século XIX: Mary Cassatt e Camille Claudel. Mary Cassatt (1844-1920) artista estadunidense, passa sua vida adulta em Paris e estabelece conexões com os impressionistas e críticos de arte, alavancando sua produção para além das fronteiras entre os dois países. Camille Claudel (1864-1943), artista francesa, tem uma intensa produção na área da escultura no final do século XIX, alternando referências simbolistas e autorais, em meio a um contexto conturbado junto ao artista Auguste Rodin, com quem produz grande parte de sua vida. Este trabalho tem por objetivo questionar suas trajetórias, obscurecidas em meio a uma historiografia tradicional e em grande parte masculina. Utilizam-se como fontes documentais cartas e biografias, assim como as obras produzidas por elas no período em questão. A metodologia empregada na pesquisa é a análise comparativa das imagens e textos como narrativas, tendo como foco a discussão acerca das categorias do público x privado, propostas por Griselda Pollock (1988), no que diz respeito às diferentes formas como homens e mulheres se locomoviam na França no final do século XIX, e à relação existente entre sexualidade, modernidade e modernismo. Também é referencial da investigação Marcel Detienne (2004) pela possibilidade de se comparar objetos distantes, como a trajetória de duas artistas que viveram em temporalidades distintas apesar de mesma espacialidade, de modo a entender de que forma o protagonismo artístico se deu na trajetória das artistas, em meio a seu papel social e contexto de produção. Nesse sentido, compreendeu-se que ambas inseriram-se no sistema das Artes por intermédio de suas relações pessoais. Ainda que distintas, suas posições sociais influenciaram para que obtivessem espaço em um campo dominado pela masculinidade. Mary Cassatt conheceu o sucesso e o desfrutou o mesmo não aconteceu com Camille Claudel que teve de lidar com uma sociedade com padrões rígidos no que diz respeito ao comportamento de uma mulher independente demais para a época. / This dissertation analyzes the relations of gender, history and society, from the trajectory of two women artists actively inserted in the field of Art in France in the late nineteenth century: Mary Cassatt and Camille Claudel. Mary Cassatt (1844-1920), an American artist, spends her adult life in Paris and establishes connections with the impressionists and critics of art, leveraging her production beyond the borders between the two countries. Camille Claudel (1864-1943), French artist, has an intense production in the area of sculpture in the late nineteenth century, alternating symbolist and authorial references, amidst a troubled context next to the artist Auguste Rodin, with whom he produces much of his life. This work aims to question their trajectories, obscured in the middle of a traditional and largely male historiography. Letters and biographies, as well as the works produced by them in the period in question, are used as documentary sources. The methodology used in the research is the comparative analysis of images and texts as narratives, focusing on the discussion about the categories of the public x private, proposed by Griselda Pollock (1988), regarding the different ways men and women move in France at the end of the nineteenth century, and the relationship between sexuality, modernity and modernism. It is also a reference of the Marcel Detienne (2004) research for the possibility of comparing distant objects, such as the trajectory of two artists who lived in different temporalities despite the same spatiality, in order to understand how the artistic protagonism occurred in the trajectory of the artists, in the midst of its social role and production context. In this sense, it was understood that both were inserted in the system of Arts through their personal relations. Although different, their social positions influenced to obtain space in a field dominated by masculinity. Mary Cassatt knew the success and enjoyed the same did not happen with Camille Claudel who had to deal with a society with rigid standards regarding the behavior of a woman too independent for the time.

Camille Claudel is a sculptor who has traditionally been approached in terms of her relationship to Rodin and his influence on her work. Indeed, the two shared a passionate relationship and there are certainly similarities between the two sculptors' work which provide for fascinating analyses. However, one of the acknowledged but previously unexplored speculations on Claudel's art suggests that it involves a measure of veiled spirituality sealed within its stone. It is precisely this sacred element within her sculptures that offers viewers an opportunity to experience transcendence while identifying with fundamental themes. Furthermore, Claudel created her figures as a method of interior healing and deliverance. This theme of redemption will be essential to arriving at the more profound, multifaceted interpretations of her sculptures. To highlight the connections to the various artists and movements discussed in the thesis, Claudel's piously thematic art can be compared to the nontraditional illustrations by Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, and the religious depictions of James Tissot, as well as being seen as engaging with the idea of theosophy and the Symbolist art movement. It is true that in fin-de-siècle France, due to the advancing secularization of society, viewers did not understand religious and spiritual symbolism in art as comprehensively as they had in the past. However, it will be necessary to show that Claudel was not the only artist interested of her era who persisted in conveying spiritual themes within supposedly secular scenes. Yet, Claudel's work remains unique in that it communicates the theme of redemption through its creation as well as through its creator. Chez Claudel, the art and the artist are united and one cannot be fully understood without the other. Moreover, through her masterpieces, she did not only offer insight into the meaning of existence; through her redemptive works she found momentary salvation for herself and for others from the excruciating outward oppression present at the close of the 19th century. Unfortunately, since the moment she began to successfully achieve recognition for her work critics have been content to view each of Camille Claudel's sculptures as a deliberate response to her tumultuous relationship with Rodin. This thesis will investigate more enlightened interpretations made possible when one simultaneously considers the role of her spirituality. It will become unmistakably clear that Camille's brother Paul was right when he stated that her work is vastly different from all other artists' "because it welcomes light and radiates the inner dream that inspired it" (Ayral-Clause 157).

The desire to recognize and celebrate a forgotten artist and her work presents an opportunity for an investigation into the meeting of art and architecture. The dialogue between these two entities highlights the complexity of exhibiting works of art within a space of architectural integrity. The challenge is to successfully address both the art and the architecture in order to achieve a relationship that is mutually beneficial and equally powerful. This thesis investigates the transcendent themes created in such a dialogue. An innovative approach creates opportunities for extraordinary spatial experiences of the architecture and the artwork itself while addressing the challenges proposed by the site, one that has tremendous historical and cultural significance. The ultimate goal is a place where the architectural conditions provide a canvas for the acknowledgment and celebration of the artistic endeavors. / Master of Architecture