Orientador: Thomas Patrick Dwyer / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T22:09:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernandez_RogerioGarcia_M.pdf: 1332166 bytes, checksum: ba596650497e4b5639dae41c9170f852 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: As campanhas eleitorais têm conquistado um novo espaço, trata-se da rede mundial de computadores, a Internet. Esta pesquisa buscou analisar os sites de campanhas eleitorais na Internet para cargos executivos nas eleições de 1998, 2000, e 2002, iniciando um debate sobre o papel dos meios de comunicação em sociedades democráticas e, em especial, da Internet. Em seguida, faço um levantamento das metodologias aplicadas ao estudo dos meios de comunicação e dos métodos de análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa, então, propõe um método próprio baseado nos indicadores de fluxos de comunicação dos sites. São, portanto, analisados mais de 22 mil dados referentes a 50 sites de campanhas eleitorais. Identifiquei ao mesmo tempo um aumento da personificação do conteúdo e uma discussão política, mais voltada a soluções práticas do que ideológicas. A Internet, no Brasil é uma ferramenta que pode ampliar o debate democrático pelo seu conteúdo mais aprofundado do que o de outros meios de comunicação, apesar de ter identificado, também, barreiras técnicas. Concluo observando que os sites das campanhas eleitorais vem, a cada ano, se modificando em função do desenvolvimento tecnológico e das necessidades, cada vez maiores, de uma sociedade que anseia por mais informações / Abstract: Electoral campaigns have moved into a new space formed by the World Wide Web, the Internet. This dissertation analyzes the use of websites in election campaigns in Brazil in the years 1998, 2000 and 2002. In these years mayoral, state governors and presidential campaigns were analyzed. The dissertation also discusses the role of the mass media, and in particular the Internet, in democratic societies. The methodologies used to study the media are analyzed and special attention is paid to the technique of content analysis. This method was adapted from the bibliography in order to empirically study the web sites selected in the three election periods. Over the short time period covered by this dissertation it was possible to identify an increasingly personal content in sites, at the same time as political discussion was seen to be more pragmatic, making proposals of a practical nature, than ideological. Websites in Brazil appear as tools which are capable of widening the democratic debate because they provide more content than is available in other media. The research also detected the role of technological change, as internet technology permits the use of new resources, these are incorporated into web sites which change to accompany technological evolution. Politicians who use websites seek to provide citizens with greater information than would be otherwise available, however, this is provided in a space which is increasingly configured and controlled in function of the needs and perceptions of the candidate / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência Política

The following Thesis deals with problems concerning human resources management in the area of Health Care and its failures. Furthemore, it seeks for the reasons for such failures, analyzes the legal background and compares it with the day-to-day life of hospitals. The goal of this Thesis is to reveal the real roots of the ongoing crisis, which was demonstrated e.g. by so called Děkujeme, odcházíme campaign, and to find out possible solutions to stabilize the Health Care system and minimaze the risk of lose of health care professionals.

Uppsatsens syfte är att göra en filmanalys av kampanjfilmer om bröstcancer som var skapade av kosmetiska företag i Indien och U.S.A. I uppsatsen undersöks hur semiotiska resurser var påverkade av kulturen och hur kampanjerna har använt kulturell adaption i marknadsföringssyfte. Jag beskriver en denotation av två filmer från varje land följd utav en konnotation som stödjs av artiklar och böcker om respektive kultur. Avslutningsvis tar jag upp och diskuterar de olika teorierna om hur kulturell adaption kan påverka en människa ur ett marknadsföringsperspektiv. Slutsatsen är att nationalism och appropriation är några av de viktiga elementen i kulturell adaption som förstärker marknadsföring. Dessa element skapar självidentitet och förtrogenhet hos individen som tittar på filmen. Några semiotiska resurser som hade förändrats i kulturell adaption och som hälpte till att skapa de elementen var etnicitet, gester, kläder, miljö, och symboler.

Advertisers setting up search engine advertising campaigns for the first time need to place bids on keywords, but typically lack experience and data to determine ranks that maximize a keyword's profit (generally referred to as a cold-start problem). This article aims at solving the problem of bidding on keywords in newly set-up search engine advertising campaigns. We suggest that advertisers collect data from the Google Keyword Planner to obtain precise estimates of the percentage increases in prices per click and clickthrough rates, which are needed to calculate optimal bids (exact approach). Together with the profit contribution per conversion and the conversion rate, the advertiser might then set bids that maximize profit. In case advertisers cannot afford to collect the required data, we suggest two proxy approaches and evaluate their performance using the exact approach as a benchmark. The empirical study shows that both proxy approaches perform reasonably well-the easier approach to implement (proxy 2) sometimes performs even better than the more sophisticated one (proxy 1). As a consequence, advertisers might just use this very simple proxy when bidding on keywords in newly set-up SEA campaigns. This research extends the stream of literature on how to determine optimal bids, which so far focuses on campaigns that are already running and where the required data to calculate bids is already available. This research offers a novel approach of determining bids when advertisers lack the aforementioned information.

Black electoral politics has undergone a profound transformation in the half century since African Americans statutorily secured equal voting rights with whites. Once confined to a small number of exceptional cases, the population of black elected officials has multiplied dramatically. The genre which studies African American politics has, likewise, vigorously proliferated, but theoretical deficiencies persist. In particular, the dominant model used to explain the choice of racial campaign strategies by African American candidates in jurisdictions where most of their voters are white is incomplete. The model's underlying hypothesis is premised on limited and increasingly outdated assumptions. Commentators continue to argue that successful black candidates must discard their racial identity in order to win white votes, yet a careful examination of the actual practices of black politicians in majority-white jurisdictions demonstrates that this argument is not substantiated empirically. As a result, scholars are mischaracterising the potential for black candidates to win elections in majority-white contexts. This thesis is an attempt to advance the scholarship through a theoretical reconceptualisation of racial campaign strategies underpinned by original, empirical research. The thesis sets out to achieve two goals. The first goal is to provide a rich, analytical account based on primary research of the range of campaign strategies available to office-seeking African American candidates outside of majority-black election contexts. The thesis demonstrates the capacity for black candidates to embrace their racial identity and champion policies which redress racial inequality while still seeking support from white voters. The second objective is to offer plausible explanations as to the strategic decision-making process in these campaigns. The thesis highlights the shifting importance of three sets variables which candidates face when choosing their racial campaign strategies: racial context and history, the racial attitudes of supportive and opposing elite actors, and candidates' own racial biographies.

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Masters of Science / The origin of HIV/AIDS has puzzled scientists ever since the illness first became known in the early 1980s. It is now over twenty years down the line, still the pandemic is the subject of fierce debate and the leading cause of death in the world with sub-Saharan Africa being the worst hit region. With almost everything put in place in 21st century, the rates of infection continues to rise, thus this study tries to find out the undermining factors for full utilization of HIV services in higher institutions of learning,particularly the University of the Western Cape.The services are; free HIV testing and counseling, free medication; provision of free condoms to the students in their halls of residences, peer education programs, and making them easy to access, and prevention of mother to child transmissions.This qualitative study was conducted from June to November 2009, using designed questionnaires for sixty three (63) registered students and five (5) HIV program staff .The main reason for this study was to understand the underlying factors for why students may utilize or may not utilize the available HIV services on campus. The willingness of students to express their views was a positive finding in this study. Majority students who answered the questionnaires were quite aware of these HIV services. They also agreed that services provided are good. The study also found out that females utilized these services more than males and majority of students learnt of the HIV services from the HIV programs pamphlets and website thus indicating that the HIV program at UWC is function. However the research study also found out that the though students are aware of these services few utilize them and majority are females thus leaves a question why males do not utilize.

Project management methods can be used in many areas of human activity. In this diploma thesis they are applied to the creation of an e-shop communication campaign. The theoretical part describes the basic concepts of project management and presents the stages of the life cycle of the project. The main part of the theoretical part is the project planning phase with a focus on time analysis, analysis of resources, costs and risks. The described methods and analyzes are applied in the practical part to a real project - the communication campaign of the newly created e-shop Motovidlo.cz, which offers various printed products. The final part of the thesis deals with the success of the project, the fulfillment of the goals and recommendations for the project team.

The first chapter explores the extent to which campaign contributions to politicians in the financial sector can influence the economic performance of the banks. In this paper, I study the relationship between campaign contribution, probability of failure and portfolio investment. I find that there is a significant effect of campaign contributions on the probability of failure and riskier investment portfolio using U.S. state banks. This effect is more pronounced for smaller and less geographically diversified banks. The results are robust for the overall risk taking measure ($Z-score$ and volatility of the return). The result is also robust using the magnitude of contributions. Using bivariate model and Blundell-Bond estimate to control for endogeneity of campaign contributions, I find that the results are robust. Using US legislative data on congressmen from congress.gov, the second chapter (co-authored with Aggey Semenov) investigates the effect of U.S. Congress legislators' non roll--call activity in bill sponsorship and co--sponsorship on campaign contributions from the financial industry. We found that bill sponsorship has positive and significant effect on campaign contributions in both Chambers. Co--sponsorship has positive and significant effect on contributions in the House but not in the Senate. We link this observation to a longer term of senators compare to congressmen; senators have more time to engage in more profitable sponsorship than congressmen. Legislators' efficiency in promoting bills to laws is rewarded by the financial industry. We also conduct robustness checks. Motivated by a large literature on the determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), the third chapter (co-authored with Roland Pongou) is assigned to understand whether a leader's longevity in office promotes FDI inflows? We answer this question with a novel dataset on the personal characteristics of African leaders covering the period from 1960 to 2011. We find that political longevity increases FDI inflows. The effect is robust to controlling for leader heterogeneity using leader fixed effects. The results remain unchanged when using plausible instrumental variables for political longevity to address possible endogeneity issues, and when estimating a dynamic model. Importantly, the effect of longevity on FDI inflows is only positive for more democratic regimes. Exploring the mechanism, we find that longevity of leaders improves the rule of laws, bureaucracy, property rights, and infrastructure, and reduces corruption. We also find that unobserved characteristics of leaders such as his ability play a role in its longevity and the improvement of institutions.