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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Bifurcação de Hopf e formas normais : uma nova abordagem para sistemas dinâmicos /

Silva, Vinicius Barros da. January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Edson Denis Leonel / Resumo: Este estudo objetiva provar que sistemas dinâmicos de dimensão N, de codimensão um e satisfazendo as condições do teorema da bifurcação de Hopf, podem ser expressos em uma forma analítica simplificada que preserva a topologia do espaço de fases da configuração original, na vizinhança do ponto de equilíbrio. A esta forma simplificada é atribuído o nome de forma normal. Para tanto, foi utilizado a teoria da variedade central, necessária para reduzir a dimensão de sistemas à sua variedade bidimensional, e o teorema das formas normais, utilizando-se como método para determinar a forma simplificada da variedade central associada aos sistemas dinâmicos, atendendo as condições do teorema da bifurcação de Hopf. A partir da análise dos resultados aqui encontrados foi possível construir a prova matemática de que sistemas de dimensão N, atendendo as condições do teorema de Hopf, podem ser reescritos em uma expressão analítica geral e simplificada. Enfim, através deste estudo foi possível resumir todos os resultados aqui obtidos em um teorema geral que, além de reduzir a custosa tarefa de obtenção de formas normais, abrange sistemas N-dimensionais com ocorrência da bifurcação de Hopf. / Abstract: In this work we prove the following: consider a N-dimensional system that is reduced to its center manifold. If it is proved the system satisfies the conditions of Hopf bifurcation theorem, then the original system of differential equations is rewritten in a simpler analytical expression that preserves the phase space topology. This last is also known as the normal form. The center manifold is used to derive a reduced order expression, and the normal form theory is applied to simplify the form of the dynamics on the center manifold. The key results here allow constructing a general mathematical proof for the normal form of N-dimensional systems reduced to its center manifold. In the class of dynamical systems under Hopf bifurcations, the present work reduces the work done to obtain normal forms. / Mestre
2

Differential Equations With Discontinuities And Population Dynamics

Arugaslan Cincin, Duygu 01 June 2009 (has links) (PDF)
In this thesis, both theoretical and application oriented results are obtained for differential equations with discontinuities of different types: impulsive differential equations, differential equations with piecewise constant argument of generalized type and differential equations with discontinuous right-hand sides. Several qualitative problems such as stability, Hopf bifurcation, center manifold reduction, permanence and persistence are addressed for these equations and also for Lotka-Volterra predator-prey models with variable time of impulses, ratio-dependent predator-prey systems and logistic equation with piecewise constant argument of generalized type. For the first time, by means of Lyapunov functions coupled with the Razumikhin method, sufficient conditions are established for stability of the trivial solution of differential equations with piecewise constant argument of generalized type. Appropriate examples are worked out to illustrate the applicability of the method. Moreover, stability analysis is performed for the logistic equation, which is one of the most widely used population dynamics models. The behaviour of solutions for a 2-dimensional system of differential equations with discontinuous right-hand side, also called a Filippov system, is studied. Discontinuity sets intersect at a vertex, and are of the quasilinear nature. Through the B&amp / #8722 / equivalence of that system to an impulsive differential equation, Hopf bifurcation is investigated. Finally, the obtained results are extended to a 3-dimensional discontinuous system of Filippov type. After the existence of a center manifold is proved for the 3-dimensional system, a theorem on the bifurcation of periodic solutions is provided in the critical case. Illustrative examples and numerical simulations are presented to verify the theoretical results.
3

Bifurcações em PLLs de terceira ordem em redes OWMS. / Bifurcations on 3rd order PLLs in OWMS networks.

Marmo, Carlos Nehemy 23 October 2008 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta um estudo qualitativo das equações diferenciais nãolineares que descrevem o sincronismo de fase nos PLLs de 3ª ordem que compõem redes OWMS de topologia mista, Estrela Simples e Cadeia Simples. O objetivo é determinar, através da Teoria de Bifurcações, os valores ou relações entre os parâmetros constitutivos da rede que permitam a existência e a estabilidade do estado síncrono, quando são aplicadas, no oscilador mestre, duas funções de excitação muito comuns na prática: o degrau e a rampa de fase. Na determinação da estabilidade dos pontos de equilíbrio, sob o ponto de vista de Lyapunov, a existência de pontos de equilíbrio não-hiperbólicos não permite uma aproximação linear e, nesses casos, é aplicado o Teorema da Variedade Central. Essa técnica de simplificação de sistemas dinâmicos permite fazer uma aproximação homeomórfica em torno desses pontos, preservando a orientação no espaço de fases e possibilitando determinar localmente suas estabilidades. / This work presents a qualitative study of the non-linear differential equations that describe the synchronous state in 3rd order PLLs that compose One-way masterslave time distribution networks with Single Star and Single Chain topologies. Using bifurcation theory, the dynamical behavior of third-order phase-locked loops employed to extract the syncronous state in each node is analyzed depending on constitutive node parameters when two usual inputs, the step and the ramp phase pertubations, are supposed to appear in the master node. When parameter combinations result in non hyperbolic synchronous states, from Lyapunov point of view, the linear approximation does not provide any information about the local behavior of the system. In this case, the center manifold theorem permits the construction of an equivalent vector field representing the asymptotic behavior of the original system in the neighborhood of these points. Thus, the local stability can be determined.
4

Sincronismo em redes mestre-escravo de via-única: estrela simples, cadeia simples e mista. / One-way master-slave synchronization networks: single star, single chain and mixed.

Marmo, Carlos Nehemy 31 July 2003 (has links)
Neste trabalho, são estudados os problemas de sincronismo de fase nas redes mestre-escravo de via única (OWMS), nas topologias Estrela Simples, Cadeia Simples e mista, através da Teoria Qualitativa de Equações Diferenciais, com ênfase no Teorema da Variedade Central. Através da Teoria das Bifurcações, analisa-se o comportamento dinâmico das malhas de sincronismo de fase (PLL) de segunda ordem que compõem cada rede, frente às variações nos seus parâmetros constitutivos. São utilizadas duas funções de excitação muito comuns na prática: o degrau e a rampa de fase, aplicadas pelo nó mestre. Em cada caso, discute-se a existência e a estabilidade do estado síncrono. A existência de pontos de equilíbrio não-hiperbólicos, não permite uma aproximação linear, e nesses casos é aplicado o Teorema da Variedade Central. Através dessa rigorosa técnica de simplificação de sistemas dinâmicos é possível fazer uma aproximação homeomórfica em torno desses pontos, preservando a orientação no espaço de fases. Desse modo, é possível determinar, localmente, suas estabilidades. / This work presents stability analysis of the syncronous state for three types of one-way master-slave time distribution network topologies: single star, single chain and both of them, mixed. Using bifurcation theory, the dynamical behavior of second-order phase-locked loops employed to extract the syncronous state in each node is analyzed in function of the constitutive parameters. Two usual inputs, the step and the ramp phase pertubations, are supposed to appear in the master node and, in each case, the existence and stability of the syncronous state are studied. For parameter combinations resulting in non hyperbolic synchronous states, the linear approximation does not provide any information, even about the local behaviour of the system. In this case, the center manifold theorem permits the construction of an equivalent vector field representing the asymptotic behaviour of the original system in the neighborhood of these points. Thus, the local stability can be determined.
5

Sincronismo em redes mestre-escravo de via-única: estrela simples, cadeia simples e mista. / One-way master-slave synchronization networks: single star, single chain and mixed.

Carlos Nehemy Marmo 31 July 2003 (has links)
Neste trabalho, são estudados os problemas de sincronismo de fase nas redes mestre-escravo de via única (OWMS), nas topologias Estrela Simples, Cadeia Simples e mista, através da Teoria Qualitativa de Equações Diferenciais, com ênfase no Teorema da Variedade Central. Através da Teoria das Bifurcações, analisa-se o comportamento dinâmico das malhas de sincronismo de fase (PLL) de segunda ordem que compõem cada rede, frente às variações nos seus parâmetros constitutivos. São utilizadas duas funções de excitação muito comuns na prática: o degrau e a rampa de fase, aplicadas pelo nó mestre. Em cada caso, discute-se a existência e a estabilidade do estado síncrono. A existência de pontos de equilíbrio não-hiperbólicos, não permite uma aproximação linear, e nesses casos é aplicado o Teorema da Variedade Central. Através dessa rigorosa técnica de simplificação de sistemas dinâmicos é possível fazer uma aproximação homeomórfica em torno desses pontos, preservando a orientação no espaço de fases. Desse modo, é possível determinar, localmente, suas estabilidades. / This work presents stability analysis of the syncronous state for three types of one-way master-slave time distribution network topologies: single star, single chain and both of them, mixed. Using bifurcation theory, the dynamical behavior of second-order phase-locked loops employed to extract the syncronous state in each node is analyzed in function of the constitutive parameters. Two usual inputs, the step and the ramp phase pertubations, are supposed to appear in the master node and, in each case, the existence and stability of the syncronous state are studied. For parameter combinations resulting in non hyperbolic synchronous states, the linear approximation does not provide any information, even about the local behaviour of the system. In this case, the center manifold theorem permits the construction of an equivalent vector field representing the asymptotic behaviour of the original system in the neighborhood of these points. Thus, the local stability can be determined.
6

Bifurcações em PLLs de terceira ordem em redes OWMS. / Bifurcations on 3rd order PLLs in OWMS networks.

Carlos Nehemy Marmo 23 October 2008 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta um estudo qualitativo das equações diferenciais nãolineares que descrevem o sincronismo de fase nos PLLs de 3ª ordem que compõem redes OWMS de topologia mista, Estrela Simples e Cadeia Simples. O objetivo é determinar, através da Teoria de Bifurcações, os valores ou relações entre os parâmetros constitutivos da rede que permitam a existência e a estabilidade do estado síncrono, quando são aplicadas, no oscilador mestre, duas funções de excitação muito comuns na prática: o degrau e a rampa de fase. Na determinação da estabilidade dos pontos de equilíbrio, sob o ponto de vista de Lyapunov, a existência de pontos de equilíbrio não-hiperbólicos não permite uma aproximação linear e, nesses casos, é aplicado o Teorema da Variedade Central. Essa técnica de simplificação de sistemas dinâmicos permite fazer uma aproximação homeomórfica em torno desses pontos, preservando a orientação no espaço de fases e possibilitando determinar localmente suas estabilidades. / This work presents a qualitative study of the non-linear differential equations that describe the synchronous state in 3rd order PLLs that compose One-way masterslave time distribution networks with Single Star and Single Chain topologies. Using bifurcation theory, the dynamical behavior of third-order phase-locked loops employed to extract the syncronous state in each node is analyzed depending on constitutive node parameters when two usual inputs, the step and the ramp phase pertubations, are supposed to appear in the master node. When parameter combinations result in non hyperbolic synchronous states, from Lyapunov point of view, the linear approximation does not provide any information about the local behavior of the system. In this case, the center manifold theorem permits the construction of an equivalent vector field representing the asymptotic behavior of the original system in the neighborhood of these points. Thus, the local stability can be determined.
7

Reduced order modeling, nonlinear analysis and control methods for flow control problems

Kasnakoglu, Cosku 10 December 2007 (has links)
No description available.
8

Βελτιστοποίηση διεργασιών υπό περιοδική λειτουργία

Δερμιτζάκης, Ιωάννης 19 August 2009 (has links)
Το Πι-κριτήριο των Bittanti et al. (1973) έχει χρησιμοποιηθεί εκτενώς σε εφαρμογές με στόχο την πρόβλεψη ενδεχόμενης βελτίωσης της απόδοσης ενός μη γραμμικού συστήματος υπό περιοδική είσοδο. Το κριτήριο όμως έχει τοπική ισχύ και περιορίζεται σε περιοδικές διαταραχές μικρού πλάτους. Η παρούσα εργασία αναπτύσσει μια μέθοδο προσδιορισμού διορθώσεων υψηλότερης τάξης στο πι-κριτήριο, προερχόμενη από βασικά αποτελέσματα της θεωρίας κεντρικής πολλαπλότητας (Center Manifold theory). Η προτεινόμενη μέθοδος βασίζεται στην επίλυση της μερικής διαφορικής εξίσωσης της κεντρικής πολλαπλότητας με χρήση δυναμοσειρών. Το τελικό αποτέλεσμα της προτεινόμενης προσέγγισης είναι ο κατά προσέγγιση υπολογισμός του δείκτη απόδοσης υπό μορφή σειράς, η οποία παρέχει ακριβή αποτελέσματα σε μεγαλύτερα εύρη. Η προτεινόμενη μέθοδος εφαρμόζεται σε έναν συνεχή αντιδραστήρα πλήρους ανάδευσης (CSTR), όπου στόχος είναι η μεγιστοποίηση της παραγωγής του επιθυμητού προϊόντος. Κατασκευάστηκε αλγόριθμος που προβλέπει την μόνιμη κατάσταση στην οποία καταλήγει ένα σύστημα απομάκρυνσης αζώτου που αποτελείται από αντιδραστήρα εμβολικής ροής και δεξαμενή δευτεροβάθμιας καθίζησης με ανακύκλωση. Με χρήση υπολογιστικού μοντέλου βασιζόμενο στο ASM3 υπολογίστηκαν οι μόνιμες καταστάσεις αυτού του συστήματος για ένα εύρος καταστάσεων λειτουργίας. Βρέθηκαν οι βέλτιστες τιμές των βαθμών ελευθερίας για την ελαχιστοποίηση του συνολικού αερισμού και για την ελαχιστοποίηση του συνολικού αζώτου στην απορροή. Και στις δύο περιπτώσεις στις βέλτιστες μόνιμες καταστάσεις παρατηρήθηκε έκπλυση των Nitrobacter δηλαδή παράκαμψη της παραγωγής των νιτρικών. / The frequency-dependent Pi criterion of Bittanti et al. (1973) has been used extensively in applications to predict potential performance improvement under periodic forcing in a nonlinear system. The criterion, however, is local in nature and is limited to periodic forcing functions of small magnitude. The present work develops a method to determine higher-order corrections to the pi criterion, derived from basic results of Center Manifold theory. The proposed method is based on solving the Center Manifold partial differential equation via power series. The end result of the proposed approach is the approximate calculation of the performance index in the form of a series expansion, which provides accurate results under larger amplitudes. The proposed method is applied to a continuous stirred tank reactor, where the yield of the desired product must be maximized. An algorithm was constructed, that predicts the steady state of a nitrogen removal system consisting of a plug flow reactor and a secondary clarifier with recycle. Using a numerical model based on ASM3 and a grid of degrees of freedom, the steady states of this system were calculated. The optimal values for minimizing the total aeration were found, as well as those for minimizing the total nitrogen exit flow. In both cases the Nitrobacter bacteria were washed out thus indicating the bypassing of nitrate production.

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