This thesis deals with the subject of dry cargo chartering. The aim is to describe the issues, which are not common in Czech Republic, from both the theoretical and practical side. Both parts emphasize the main aspects, which are followed by suitable findings and comments. All examples used in the work are based on internal information of a shipping company.

[pt] Nos dias atuais, as empresas vêm tratando a questão logística de forma estratégica, ou seja, ao invés de otimizar pontualmente as operações, focalizando os procedimentos logísticos como meros geradores de custo, as empresas participantes da cadeia de suprimento passaram a buscar soluções novas, usando a logística para ganhar competitividade e também para induzir novos negócios. Desta forma, há uma nova concepção no tratamento dos problemas logísticos: o gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimento (supply chain management – SCM). Dentro dos processos contidos na gestão da cadeia de suprimento, a área de compras sofreu um grande avanço em termos de pesquisa dentro do mundo acadêmico. O conhecimento dos mercados fornecedores, as habilidades de compras, a busca por alternativas de suprimento e a disponibilidade dos recursos para o processo de compra fazem com que a função Compras exerça um papel cada vez mais estratégico dentro das empresas. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma matriz de estratégia de compras do modelo de Kraljic (1983) para o afretamento de navios na logística de abastecimento de uma empresa verticalizada de petróleo no Brasil. Para isto, o trabalho descreveu as peculiaridades do processo de afretamento, além de analisar e posicionar os contratos na matriz de portfólio de Kraljic (1983) para o afretamento nessa empresa. O estudo analisou o retrato atual da gestão dos contratos de afretamento adotados na empresa e aplicou os conceitos do estudo de Kraljic nesses contratos. Concluiu-se que alguns contratos da empresa fazem parte do quadrante de alavancagem, outros do quadrante estratégico e outros do quadrante de itens não críticos da matriz de Kraljic (1983), e, para cada um desses quadrantes, foram identificados os possíveis riscos e as necessidades de ajustes nos processos. Dessa forma, o estudo fez recomendações para a empresa de como atuar na gestão desses contratos considerando os conceitos da literatura atual sobre o assunto. / [en] Nowadays, companies deal with logistics in a strategical way, in other words, instead of promptly optimize operations, focusing on the logistical procedures as mere cost drivers, supply chain companies are now looking for new solutions using logistics to gain competitiveness and also to induce new business. Thus, there is a new concept in the treatment of logistical matters: the supply chain management (SCM). One of the processes in supply chain management, the purchasing area suffered a major breakthrough in terms of research in academia. Knowledge of supplier markets, purchasing skills, searching for alternative supply sources and availability of resources for the purchasing process make the purchasing function plays strategic role increasingly strategic in companies. The objective of this research is to propose a Kraljic purchasing strategy matrix (1983) to vessels chartering on the supply chain of an oil company in Brazil. For this purpose, the peculiarities of the chartering process of this company is described and analyzed, and the contracts are positioned in the Kraljic portfolio matrix (1983). The study analyzed the current management situation of the charter processes adopted in company and applied the concepts of Kraljic study on these contracts. It was concluded that some of the company contracts are part of the leverage quadrant whereas others are part of strategic quadrant, and others of noncritical items quadrant of Kraljic matrix (1983). For each of these quadrants, possible risks and adjustment needs have been identified in the process. Thus, the study made recommendations to the company how to act in the management of these contracts considering the concepts of the current literature on the subject.

Thesis (Ph.D)--Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. / Committee Co-Chair: George L. Nemhauser; Committee Co-Chair: Martin W. P. Savelsbergh; Committee Member: Bruce K. Sawhill; Committee Member: Joel Sokol; Committee Member: Ozlem Ergun. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

This thesis addresses two planning problems motivated by the operations of PSOD air transportation: scheduled maintenance planning, and base location and fleet allocation. In the first part of the thesis, we study tactical planning for scheduled maintenance which determines the daily maintenance capacities for two operating conditions: a growth phase and the steady state. We model tactical maintenance capacity planning during the growth phase as an integer program and develop an optimization-based local search to solve the problem. Tactical planning of steady state maintenance capacity concerns a special case for which we determine the optimal and the long run capacities with a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm. In the second part of the thesis, we address operational planning for scheduled maintenance which is concerned with assigning itineraries to jets and determining the specific jets to be scheduled for maintenance on a daily basis given a certain maintenance capacity. We present a solution methodology that employs a look-ahead approach to consider the impact of our current decisions on the future and decomposes the problem exploiting the differences between jets with respect to the proximity to their next maintenance. We further develop an integrated framework in order to capture the interaction between operational level maintenance decisions and flight scheduling. In the third and final part of the thesis, we present the tactical level base location and fleet allocation problem. As PSOD air transportation experiences changes in travel demand and fleet size, decisions regarding where to open new bases and how to allocate the number of jets among the bases are made. We first present a solution approach in which high level information about flight scheduling is used in a traditional facility location problem. We next develop a model that works directly with transportation requests and integrates a simplified version of flight scheduling with the base location and fleet allocation decisions in order to capture more detail.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:21:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarianaGama.pdf: 821073 bytes, checksum: 402b9864ba857f81db2e8321d820abb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-18 / The legal basis of the contract of carriage of goods by sea is the main object of the present work. The choice of this topic was influenced by the great importance that it presents and by the little prominence that the current Brazilian doctrine grants to it. Furthermore, due to the increase of the Brazilian exportation, the subject-matter is each time more appreciated by the national courts. In the present work were considered not only rules of domestic law, mainly represented by the Civil Code of 2002, but also principles of international law represented by two international conventions about the subject: the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading (Brussels Convention, of 1924), and the United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea (the Hamburg Rules, of 1978). Certain rules of comparative law had also been indicated mainly when the subject is not regulated by the domestic legal system. Finally, it was made an analysis of two other kinds of economic exploitation of the ship: the chartering contract (time and voyage charter) and the bare boat charter, comparing them to the contract of carriage of goods by sea, and although they present some contact points with the contract, they differ from it. / O regime jurídico do contrato de transporte de mercadorias por via marítima é o principal objeto de estudo do presente trabalho. A escolha do tema foi influênciada pela grande importância que apresenta e devido ao pouco destaque que a doutrina brasileira atual lhe concede. Ademais, em função do aumento das exportações brasileiras, a matéria é cada vez mais apreciada pelos tribunais nacionais. No presente ensaio foram abordadas não somente as normas de direito interno, representadas principalmente pelo Código Civil de 2002, mas também as normas de direito internacional, consubstanciadas em duas convenções internacionais sobre a matéria: a Convenção Internacional para a Unificação de Certas Regras em Matéria de Conhecimentos (Convenção de Bruxelas, de 1924) e a Convenção das Nações Unidas para o Transporte de Mercadorias por Mar (Regras de Hamburgo, de 1978). Foram também indicados dispositivos de direito comparado, principalmente quando a matéria não for abordada pelo ordenamento jurídico pátrio. Por fim, foi feita uma análise de outras duas formas de exploração econômica do navio: o contrato de afretamento (por tempo e por viagem) e a locação, confrontando-as com o contrato de transporte marítimo de mercadorias, que, embora apresentem alguns pontos de contato, não se confundem com o contrato, objeto de comparação.