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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Predicting removal efficiency of reverse osmosis membranes with respect to emerging substances of concern using a discriminant function analysis

Unknown Date (has links)
This paper presents the results of the spike tests performed in the alternative water supply pilot testing program for the City of Pembroke Pines. It establishes the effectiveness of a protocol that can be used to gain further insight on the rejection capacities of RO membranes. An in-depth study of the molecular descriptors affecting rejection by RO membranes is presented and used in the development of a discriminant function analysis. This analysis proved to be an effective way to predict the passage of Emerging Substances of Concern (ESOCs) through RO membrane. Further, a principal component (PC) analysis was performed to determine which factors accounted the largest variation in RO permeability. Additionally, this paper defines the groundwork for a discriminant analysis model that, if further developed, could serve as an important tool to predict the rejection capabilities of RO treatment when handling with ESOCs. / by Fernando J. Pleitez Herrera. / Thesis (M.S.C.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2012. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.
22

Quimitaxonomia e fitoquímica de espécies da tribo Heliantheae (Asteraceae) e uso de Quimioinformática em elucidação estrutural / Chemotaxonomy and phytochemistry of Heliantheae (Asteraceae) species and the use of Chemoinformatics in structure elucidation

Stefani, Ricardo 02 October 2002 (has links)
A química de produtos naturais sempre foi uma fonte importante de novas substâncias e de substâncias bioativas. No mundo moderno, o homem utiliza os produtos naturais para diversos fins: corantes, edulcorantes, essências, defensivos agrícolas e principalmente medicamentos. Com o desenvolvimento das técnicas de isolamento de substâncias, cresceu a necessidade de organizar as informações obtidas e também a criação de meios para a identificação mais rápida das substâncias isoladas. Esta foi uma das necessidades que fez surgir a Quimioinformática. Quimioinformática é uma disciplina que utiliza os métodos da informática para organizar dados químicos, analisar estes dados e gerar novas informações a partir destes dados. Esta ferramenta tem sido utilizada com sucesso em procura por novas drogas (QSAR/QSPR), elucidação estrutural automatizada de substâncias orgânicas e em cálculos e previsão de propriedades físico-químicas de diversas moléculas. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram o estudo fitoquímico de espécies dos gêneros Dimerostemma e Ichthyothere com o intuito de isolar novas substâncias e o desenvolvimento de técnicas envolvendo quimioinformática com o intuito de auxiliar a elucidação estrutural de produtos naturais. Realizou-se a técnica de microamstragem de tricomas glandulares de diversas espécies pertencentes a gêneros da tribo Heliantheae (Viguiera, Tithonia, Dimerostemma). Através da microamostragem foi possível identificar diversas substâncias presentes nos tricomas glandulares das espécies analisadas. Das duas espécies de Dimerostemma investigadas (D. brasilianum e D. rotundifolium) foi possível identificar dois germacrolidos e dois eudesmanolidos, enquanto que de Ichthyothere terminalis foi possível a identificação de dois melampolidos, todos eles lactonas sesquiterpênicas. Foram treinadas redes neurais artificiais para a realização da identificação dos esqueletos carbônicos de determinadas substâncias a partir dos dados obtidos através dos espectros de RMN 13C, sendo que os resultados obtidos podem ser considerados satisfatórios. Foi desenvolvido um software para efetuar a identificação automática de substâncias através da comparação com uma biblioteca de padrões que possui dados cromatográficos de 51 lactonas sesquiterpênicas. Esse software, chamado de NAPROSYS, também é capaz de fazer comparação de dados de RMN de amostra com dados de RMN presentes em uma biblioteca de dados, tornando possível a identificação imediata de substâncias presentes na biblioteca e também auxiliar a elucidação estrutural de substâncias que não estão nela presentes. Para testar a eficiência do NAPROSYS, o programa foi utilizado com sucesso para identificar LSTs através da microamostragem de tricomas glandulares. A eficiência do NAPROSYS em identificar dados de RMN de substâncias presentes na biblioteca foi testada com substâncias isoladas do gênero Tithonia e Viguiera que possuem substâncias bem descritas na literatura e já isoladas no nosso laboratório, sendo que os resultados apresentados foram excelentes. Criou-se também dois modelos de redes neurais para prever tempos de retenção de lactonas sesquiterpênicas em cromatografia líquida (QSRR) com o objetivo de melhorar o desempenho do NAPROSYS em análises de dados cromatográficos. Os resultados para este caso, embora coerentes, precisam ser melhorados. Neste trabalho concluimos que o uso das técnicas clássicas juntamente com as novas técnicas de Quimoinformática pode se tornar uma ferramenta muito eficaz para a elucidação estrutural e busca de substâncias com determinadas propriedades químicas ou mesmo na bioprospecção de novas substâncias bioativas. / Natural products chemistry has always been an important source for new andbioactive compounds. In modern world, mankind uses natural products to do many tasks: colouring, as essences, as agricultural defensives and many as medicines. Within the development of compound isolation techniques, the need for information organisation has grown. The need for quickly identification of isolated compounds has also grown. This was one of the necessities that made Chemoinformatics emerge. Chemoinformatics is a discipline that uses informatics as a tool to organise, analise and to generate new knowledge from chemical data. This tool has been used with success in automate structure elucidation, drug development (QSAR/QSPR) and to predict chemical-physical data of many molecules. The aims of the present work were the phytochemical study of species of the genera Dimerostemma and Ichthyothere to isolate new compounds, and the development of chemoinformatics techniques to aid natural products structure elucidation. The glandular trichome microsampling was made for diverse species of genera from the tribe Heliantheae (Viguiera, Tithonia, Dimerostemma). Many compounds were identified through glandular trichome microsampling. Two germacrolides and two eudesmanolides were identified from Dimerostemma species (D. brasilianum and D. episcopale), while from Ichthyothere terminalis two melampolides were identified, all of them being sesquiterpene lactones. Artificial Neural Networks were trained to make skeleton identification from data obtained from 13C NMR and the obtained results can be considered satisfactory. A software was developed to make automatic compound identification through the comparation with a compound library that possesses data from 51 STLs. This software is called NAPROSYS is also able to compare the NMR data of the sample with the NMR data stored into a compound library, making the imediate identification of compounds present into library possible and also help the structure elucidation of unknown compounds. To test NAPROSYS\' efficience to identify NMR data of compunds sored into the library was made with compounds isolated from species of Tithonia and Viguiera genera, because these genera has well describe compounds in the literature and that has been isolated in our laboratory, and the obtained results are excellent. Two Artificial Neural Network models were created to predict the retention time of sesquiterpene lactones in liquid cromatography (QSRR) with the aim of improve NAPROSYS performance in cromatographic data analysis. The results for this case, although coherent, can be improved. The conclusion of this work is that the use of classical techniques with the new techniques of chemoinformatics can be a very efficient tool to make structure elucidation, search for compounds with certain chemical properties and even the search for new bioactive compounds.
23

Scalable Feature Selection and Extraction with Applications in Kinase Polypharmacology

Jones, Derek 01 January 2018 (has links)
In order to reduce the time associated with and the costs of drug discovery, machine learning is being used to automate much of the work in this process. However the size and complex nature of molecular data makes the application of machine learning especially challenging. Much work must go into the process of engineering features that are then used to train machine learning models, costing considerable amounts of time and requiring the knowledge of domain experts to be most effective. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate data driven approaches to perform the feature selection and extraction steps in order to decrease the amount of expert knowledge required to model interactions between proteins and drug molecules.
24

Bioclipse : Integration of Data and Software in the Life Sciences

Spjuth, Ola January 2009 (has links)
New high throughput experimental techniques have turned the life sciences into a data-intensive field. Scientists are faced with new types of problems, such as managing voluminous sources of information, integrating heterogeneous data, and applying the proper analysis algorithms; all to end up with reliable conclusions. These challenges call for an infrastructure of algorithms and technologies to supply researchers with the tools and methods necessary to maximize the usefulness of the data. eScience has emerged as a promising technology to take on these challenges, and denotes integrated science carried out in highly distributed network environments, or science that makes use of large data sets and requires high performance computing resources. In this thesis I present standards, exchange formats, algorithms, and software implementations for empowering researchers in the life sciences with the tools of eScience. The work is centered around Bioclipse - an extensible workbench developed in the frame of this thesis - which provides users with instruments for carrying out integrated research and where technical details are hidden under simple graphical interfaces. Bioclipse is a Rich Client that takes full advantage of the many offerings of eScience, such as networked databases and online services. The benefits of mixing local and remote software in a unifying platform are demonstrated with an integrated approach for predicting metabolic sites in chemical structures. To overcome the limitations of the commonly used technologies for interacting with networked services, I also present a new technology using the XMPP protocol. This enables service discovery and asynchronous communication between the client and server, which is ideal for long-running analyses. To maximize the usefulness of the available data there is a need for standards, ontologies, and exchange formats, in order to define what information should be captured and how it should be structured and exchanged. A novel format for exchanging QSAR data sets in a fully interoperable and reproducible form is presented, together with an implementation in Bioclipse that takes advantage of eScience components during the setup process. Bioclipse has been well received by the scientific community, attracted a large group of international users and developers, and has been awarded three international prizes for its innovative character. With continued development, the project has a good chance of becoming an important component in a sustainable infrastructure for the life sciences.
25

Quimitaxonomia e fitoquímica de espécies da tribo Heliantheae (Asteraceae) e uso de Quimioinformática em elucidação estrutural / Chemotaxonomy and phytochemistry of Heliantheae (Asteraceae) species and the use of Chemoinformatics in structure elucidation

Ricardo Stefani 02 October 2002 (has links)
A química de produtos naturais sempre foi uma fonte importante de novas substâncias e de substâncias bioativas. No mundo moderno, o homem utiliza os produtos naturais para diversos fins: corantes, edulcorantes, essências, defensivos agrícolas e principalmente medicamentos. Com o desenvolvimento das técnicas de isolamento de substâncias, cresceu a necessidade de organizar as informações obtidas e também a criação de meios para a identificação mais rápida das substâncias isoladas. Esta foi uma das necessidades que fez surgir a Quimioinformática. Quimioinformática é uma disciplina que utiliza os métodos da informática para organizar dados químicos, analisar estes dados e gerar novas informações a partir destes dados. Esta ferramenta tem sido utilizada com sucesso em procura por novas drogas (QSAR/QSPR), elucidação estrutural automatizada de substâncias orgânicas e em cálculos e previsão de propriedades físico-químicas de diversas moléculas. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram o estudo fitoquímico de espécies dos gêneros Dimerostemma e Ichthyothere com o intuito de isolar novas substâncias e o desenvolvimento de técnicas envolvendo quimioinformática com o intuito de auxiliar a elucidação estrutural de produtos naturais. Realizou-se a técnica de microamstragem de tricomas glandulares de diversas espécies pertencentes a gêneros da tribo Heliantheae (Viguiera, Tithonia, Dimerostemma). Através da microamostragem foi possível identificar diversas substâncias presentes nos tricomas glandulares das espécies analisadas. Das duas espécies de Dimerostemma investigadas (D. brasilianum e D. rotundifolium) foi possível identificar dois germacrolidos e dois eudesmanolidos, enquanto que de Ichthyothere terminalis foi possível a identificação de dois melampolidos, todos eles lactonas sesquiterpênicas. Foram treinadas redes neurais artificiais para a realização da identificação dos esqueletos carbônicos de determinadas substâncias a partir dos dados obtidos através dos espectros de RMN 13C, sendo que os resultados obtidos podem ser considerados satisfatórios. Foi desenvolvido um software para efetuar a identificação automática de substâncias através da comparação com uma biblioteca de padrões que possui dados cromatográficos de 51 lactonas sesquiterpênicas. Esse software, chamado de NAPROSYS, também é capaz de fazer comparação de dados de RMN de amostra com dados de RMN presentes em uma biblioteca de dados, tornando possível a identificação imediata de substâncias presentes na biblioteca e também auxiliar a elucidação estrutural de substâncias que não estão nela presentes. Para testar a eficiência do NAPROSYS, o programa foi utilizado com sucesso para identificar LSTs através da microamostragem de tricomas glandulares. A eficiência do NAPROSYS em identificar dados de RMN de substâncias presentes na biblioteca foi testada com substâncias isoladas do gênero Tithonia e Viguiera que possuem substâncias bem descritas na literatura e já isoladas no nosso laboratório, sendo que os resultados apresentados foram excelentes. Criou-se também dois modelos de redes neurais para prever tempos de retenção de lactonas sesquiterpênicas em cromatografia líquida (QSRR) com o objetivo de melhorar o desempenho do NAPROSYS em análises de dados cromatográficos. Os resultados para este caso, embora coerentes, precisam ser melhorados. Neste trabalho concluimos que o uso das técnicas clássicas juntamente com as novas técnicas de Quimoinformática pode se tornar uma ferramenta muito eficaz para a elucidação estrutural e busca de substâncias com determinadas propriedades químicas ou mesmo na bioprospecção de novas substâncias bioativas. / Natural products chemistry has always been an important source for new andbioactive compounds. In modern world, mankind uses natural products to do many tasks: colouring, as essences, as agricultural defensives and many as medicines. Within the development of compound isolation techniques, the need for information organisation has grown. The need for quickly identification of isolated compounds has also grown. This was one of the necessities that made Chemoinformatics emerge. Chemoinformatics is a discipline that uses informatics as a tool to organise, analise and to generate new knowledge from chemical data. This tool has been used with success in automate structure elucidation, drug development (QSAR/QSPR) and to predict chemical-physical data of many molecules. The aims of the present work were the phytochemical study of species of the genera Dimerostemma and Ichthyothere to isolate new compounds, and the development of chemoinformatics techniques to aid natural products structure elucidation. The glandular trichome microsampling was made for diverse species of genera from the tribe Heliantheae (Viguiera, Tithonia, Dimerostemma). Many compounds were identified through glandular trichome microsampling. Two germacrolides and two eudesmanolides were identified from Dimerostemma species (D. brasilianum and D. episcopale), while from Ichthyothere terminalis two melampolides were identified, all of them being sesquiterpene lactones. Artificial Neural Networks were trained to make skeleton identification from data obtained from 13C NMR and the obtained results can be considered satisfactory. A software was developed to make automatic compound identification through the comparation with a compound library that possesses data from 51 STLs. This software is called NAPROSYS is also able to compare the NMR data of the sample with the NMR data stored into a compound library, making the imediate identification of compounds present into library possible and also help the structure elucidation of unknown compounds. To test NAPROSYS\' efficience to identify NMR data of compunds sored into the library was made with compounds isolated from species of Tithonia and Viguiera genera, because these genera has well describe compounds in the literature and that has been isolated in our laboratory, and the obtained results are excellent. Two Artificial Neural Network models were created to predict the retention time of sesquiterpene lactones in liquid cromatography (QSRR) with the aim of improve NAPROSYS performance in cromatographic data analysis. The results for this case, although coherent, can be improved. The conclusion of this work is that the use of classical techniques with the new techniques of chemoinformatics can be a very efficient tool to make structure elucidation, search for compounds with certain chemical properties and even the search for new bioactive compounds.
26

Modeling the Interaction Space of Biological Macromolecules: A Proteochemometric Approach : Applications for Drug Discovery and Development

Kontijevskis, Aleksejs January 2008 (has links)
<p>Molecular interactions lie at the heart of myriad biological processes. Knowledge of molecular recognition processes and the ability to model and predict interactions of any biological molecule to any chemical compound are the key for better understanding of cell functions and discovery of more efficacious medicines.</p><p>This thesis presents contributions to the development of a novel chemo-bioinformatics approach called proteochemometrics; a general method for interaction space analysis of biological macromolecules and their ligands. In this work we explore proteochemometrics-based interaction models over broad groups of protein families, evaluate their validity and scope, and compare proteochemometrics to traditional modeling approaches.</p><p>Through the proteochemometric analysis of large interaction data sets of multiple retroviral proteases from various viral species we investigate complex mechanisms of drug resistance in HIV-1 and discover general physicochemical determinants of substrate cleavage efficiency and binding in retroviral proteases. We further demonstrate how global proteochemometric models can be used for design of protease inhibitors with broad activity on drug-resistant viral mutants, for monitoring drug resistance mechanisms in the physicochemical sense and prediction of potential HIV-1 evolution trajectories. We provide novel insights into the complexity of HIV-1 protease specificity by constructing a generalized IF-THEN rule model based on bioinformatics analysis of the largest set of HIV-1 protease substrates and non-substrates.</p><p>We discuss how proteochemometrics can be used to map recognition sites of entire protein families in great detail and demonstrate how it can incorporate target variability into drug discovery process. Finally, we assess the utility of the proteochemometric approach in evaluation of ADMET properties of drug candidates with a special focus on inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes and investigate application of the approach in the pharmacogenomics field.</p>
27

Técnicas de transferência de aprendizagem aplicadas a modelos QSAR para regressão / Transfer learning techniques applied to QSAR models for regression

Simões, Rodolfo da Silva 10 April 2018 (has links)
Para desenvolver um novo medicamento, pesquisadores devem analisar os alvos biológicos de uma dada doença, descobrir e desenvolver candidatos a fármacos para este alvo biológico, realizando em paralelo, testes em laboratório para validar a eficiência e os efeitos colaterais da substância química. O estudo quantitativo da relação estrutura-atividade (QSAR) envolve a construção de modelos de regressão que relacionam um conjunto de descritores de um composto químico e a sua atividade biológica com relação a um ou mais alvos no organismo. Os conjuntos de dados manipulados pelos pesquisadores para análise QSAR são caracterizados geralmente por um número pequeno de instâncias e isso torna mais complexa a construção de modelos preditivos. Nesse contexto, a transferência de conhecimento utilizando informações de outros modelos QSAR\'s com mais dados disponíveis para o mesmo alvo biológico seria desejável, diminuindo o esforço e o custo do processo para gerar novos modelos de descritores de compostos químicos. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem de transferência de aprendizagem indutiva (por parâmetros), tal proposta baseia-se em uma variação do método de Regressão por Vetores Suporte adaptado para transferência de aprendizagem, a qual é alcançada ao aproximar os modelos gerados separadamente para cada tarefa em questão. Considera-se também um método de transferência de aprendizagem por instâncias, denominado de TrAdaBoost. Resultados experimentais mostram que as abordagens de transferência de aprendizagem apresentam bom desempenho quando aplicadas a conjuntos de dados de benchmark e a conjuntos de dados químicos / To develop a new medicament, researches must analyze the biological targets of a given disease, discover and develop drug candidates for this biological target, performing in parallel, biological tests in laboratory to validate the effectiveness and side effects of the chemical substance. The quantitative study of structure-activity relationship (QSAR) involves building regression models that relate a set of descriptors of a chemical compound and its biological activity with respect to one or more targets in the organism. Datasets manipulated by researchers to QSAR analysis are generally characterized by a small number of instances and this makes it more complex to build predictive models. In this context, the transfer of knowledge using information other\'s QSAR models with more data available to the same biological target would be desirable, nince its reduces the effort and cost to generate models of chemical descriptors. This work presents an inductive learning transfer approach (by parameters), such proposal is based on a variation of the Vector Regression method Adapted support for learning transfer, which is achieved by approaching the separately generated models for each task. It is also considered a method of learning transfer by instances, called TrAdaBoost. Experimental results show that learning transfer approaches perform well when applied to some datasets of benchmark and dataset chemical
28

Técnicas de transferência de aprendizagem aplicadas a modelos QSAR para regressão / Transfer learning techniques applied to QSAR models for regression

Rodolfo da Silva Simões 10 April 2018 (has links)
Para desenvolver um novo medicamento, pesquisadores devem analisar os alvos biológicos de uma dada doença, descobrir e desenvolver candidatos a fármacos para este alvo biológico, realizando em paralelo, testes em laboratório para validar a eficiência e os efeitos colaterais da substância química. O estudo quantitativo da relação estrutura-atividade (QSAR) envolve a construção de modelos de regressão que relacionam um conjunto de descritores de um composto químico e a sua atividade biológica com relação a um ou mais alvos no organismo. Os conjuntos de dados manipulados pelos pesquisadores para análise QSAR são caracterizados geralmente por um número pequeno de instâncias e isso torna mais complexa a construção de modelos preditivos. Nesse contexto, a transferência de conhecimento utilizando informações de outros modelos QSAR\'s com mais dados disponíveis para o mesmo alvo biológico seria desejável, diminuindo o esforço e o custo do processo para gerar novos modelos de descritores de compostos químicos. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem de transferência de aprendizagem indutiva (por parâmetros), tal proposta baseia-se em uma variação do método de Regressão por Vetores Suporte adaptado para transferência de aprendizagem, a qual é alcançada ao aproximar os modelos gerados separadamente para cada tarefa em questão. Considera-se também um método de transferência de aprendizagem por instâncias, denominado de TrAdaBoost. Resultados experimentais mostram que as abordagens de transferência de aprendizagem apresentam bom desempenho quando aplicadas a conjuntos de dados de benchmark e a conjuntos de dados químicos / To develop a new medicament, researches must analyze the biological targets of a given disease, discover and develop drug candidates for this biological target, performing in parallel, biological tests in laboratory to validate the effectiveness and side effects of the chemical substance. The quantitative study of structure-activity relationship (QSAR) involves building regression models that relate a set of descriptors of a chemical compound and its biological activity with respect to one or more targets in the organism. Datasets manipulated by researchers to QSAR analysis are generally characterized by a small number of instances and this makes it more complex to build predictive models. In this context, the transfer of knowledge using information other\'s QSAR models with more data available to the same biological target would be desirable, nince its reduces the effort and cost to generate models of chemical descriptors. This work presents an inductive learning transfer approach (by parameters), such proposal is based on a variation of the Vector Regression method Adapted support for learning transfer, which is achieved by approaching the separately generated models for each task. It is also considered a method of learning transfer by instances, called TrAdaBoost. Experimental results show that learning transfer approaches perform well when applied to some datasets of benchmark and dataset chemical
29

Modeling the Interaction Space of Biological Macromolecules: A Proteochemometric Approach : Applications for Drug Discovery and Development

Kontijevskis, Aleksejs January 2008 (has links)
Molecular interactions lie at the heart of myriad biological processes. Knowledge of molecular recognition processes and the ability to model and predict interactions of any biological molecule to any chemical compound are the key for better understanding of cell functions and discovery of more efficacious medicines. This thesis presents contributions to the development of a novel chemo-bioinformatics approach called proteochemometrics; a general method for interaction space analysis of biological macromolecules and their ligands. In this work we explore proteochemometrics-based interaction models over broad groups of protein families, evaluate their validity and scope, and compare proteochemometrics to traditional modeling approaches. Through the proteochemometric analysis of large interaction data sets of multiple retroviral proteases from various viral species we investigate complex mechanisms of drug resistance in HIV-1 and discover general physicochemical determinants of substrate cleavage efficiency and binding in retroviral proteases. We further demonstrate how global proteochemometric models can be used for design of protease inhibitors with broad activity on drug-resistant viral mutants, for monitoring drug resistance mechanisms in the physicochemical sense and prediction of potential HIV-1 evolution trajectories. We provide novel insights into the complexity of HIV-1 protease specificity by constructing a generalized IF-THEN rule model based on bioinformatics analysis of the largest set of HIV-1 protease substrates and non-substrates. We discuss how proteochemometrics can be used to map recognition sites of entire protein families in great detail and demonstrate how it can incorporate target variability into drug discovery process. Finally, we assess the utility of the proteochemometric approach in evaluation of ADMET properties of drug candidates with a special focus on inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes and investigate application of the approach in the pharmacogenomics field.
30

L'analyse structurale de complexes protéine/ligand et ses applications en chémogénomique / Structural analysis of protein/ligand complexes and its applications in chemogenomics

Desaphy, Jérémy 09 October 2013 (has links)
Comprendre les interactions réalisées entre un candidat médicament et sa protéine cible est un enjeu crucial pour orienter la recherche de nouvelles molécules. En effet, ce processus implique de nombreux paramètres qu’il est nécessaire d’analyser séparément pour mieux comprendre leurs effets.Nous proposons ici deux nouvelles approches observant les relations protéine/ligand. La première se concentre sur la comparaison de cavités formées par les sites de liaison pouvant accueillir une molécule. Cette méthode permet d’inférer la fonction d’une protéine mais surtout de prédire « l’accessibilité » d’un site de liaison pour un médicament. La seconde tactique se focalise sur la comparaison des interactions non-covalentes réalisées entre la protéine et le ligand afin d’améliorer la sélection de molécules potentiellement actives lors de criblages virtuels, et de rechercher de nouveaux fragments moléculaires, structuralement différents mais partageant le même mode d’interaction. / Understanding the interactions between a drug and its target protein is crucial in order to guide drug discovery. Indeed, this process involves many parameters that need to be analyzed separately to better understand their effects.We propose two new approaches to observe protein/ligand relationships. The first focuses on the comparison of cavities formed by binding sites that can accommodate a small molecule. This method allows to infer the function of a protein but also to predict the accessibility of a binding site for a drug. The second method focuses on the comparison of non-covalent interactions made between the protein and the ligand to improve the selection of potentially active molecules in virtual screening, and to find new molecular fragments, structurally different but sharing the same mode of interaction.

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