This Master's degree thesis addresses the issue of the decision making process about settlement of the relationship between parents and their underage children after their divorce or separation. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse current regulation of this field in the Czech Republic and evaluate changes brought about by new Civil Code Act No. 89/2012 Coll., which is coming into force on 1st January 2014. The thesis is composed of nine chapters. The chapter one starts with a description of the historical development of family law since the Austrian Civil Code of 1811 up to now with emphasis on situation of the minor child after parental divorce or separation. Its second part deals with new Civil code which includes the family law and government bill of civil procedure code with procedure concern the minor child. Chapter Two focuses on minor child and legal instruments concerning his protection when parents are getting divorce or do not live together. The chapter consists of three parts. Part one describes who are parents and who is child in the Czech civil law. Part two refers to the role of the court in protection of child's best interests. The third part seek to draw attention to participatory rights of the child. The following chapter, divided into four section, looks at the procedure in...

Thesis (LLM)--Macquarie University, Division of Law. / Bibliography: leaves 192-208.

The thesis concerns two pathways for legal intervention in cases of suspected child abuse at the hands of parents. One pathway is based on social law, where society's utmost tool is child protective custody. The other pathway is criminal law, where the abuse is investigated and enforced as a criminal offence. Sometimes only one of these pathways becomes relevant, sometimes both. The purpose of the thesis is to examine and analyse the regulatory framework and its practical application, and to highlight what the two pathways of intervention can accomplish in relation to the child victim's rights and interests. In the case of child abuse, the (legal) relationship between parents and children - and between children, parents and society - is brought to a head. The study demonstrates that many complex legal issues arise when the person subjecting the child to violence and abuse is the same person who under family law answers for the child's protection, care and representation. It is inter alia noted that the concept "best interests of the child" is interpreted somewhat freely, which can risk overriding the legal rights of the child victim. It is concluded that, in order to secure the child victim's legal protection, the regulation needs many small enhancements, each tailored to the problem conditions.

This thesis focuses on the topic of parental separation and awarding custody of pre-school and early-school aged children. In the theoretical part the specifics of each developmental stage and also of the mother's and father's role are described. In the following chapter the thesis focuses on the process of parental separation, its phases, causes and its influence on children. Also the most typical phenomenons and risks connected with this complicated situation are mentioned. Not to be forgotten, the legal side of the process is also included. The thesis contains empirical part, in which structured interviews with social workers were led, in order to map current trends, the most serious risks, the possibilities of different forms of custody and the role of psychologists in parental separation in the Czech environment. Key words: parental separation, awarding custody of child, pre-school age, early-school age, sole custody, joint custody

En France, en prison, les enfants de femmes incarcérées peuvent séjourner auprès d'elles durant leurs dix-huit premiers mois. L'enfant n'est pas détenu mais il évolue au sein du milieu fermé. Pourtant, son statut et son régime juridique n'ont jamais été conceptualisés. Seuls cinq articles dans la partie réglementaire du Code de procédure pénale et une circulaire d'application de la Direction de l'administration pénitentiaire déterminent les conditions de son séjour en détention. Par opposition, en Angleterre et au pays de Galles, la protection juridique de cet enfant se révèle considérablement développée Les modèles anglais et français se rejoignent cependant sur un point : l'appréhension pénitentiaire de l'enfant en prison. Comment le droit pénitentiaire dont l'objectif est de réguler le comportement des personnes incarcérées, peut-il appréhender une personne non-juridiquement détenue? Le droit peut-il définir la non-détention? En marge des règles pénitentiaires, la conceptualisation d'un cadre juridique pour l'enfant en prison nécessite de confronter les règles de droit écrites aux pratiques émergentes en prison. Dans les deux systèmes, les pratiques constituent des sources normatives fondamentales en matière pénitentiaire, en particulier s'agissant de l'élaboration d'un droit idoine pour l'enfant en détention. Les pratiques émergentes en prison peuvent-elles dépasser les obstacles auxquels se heurtent les règles pénitentiaires? Est-il possible de fonder le cadre juridique de l'enfant en prison sur un autre référentiel normatif plus adapté à sa spécificité? Autant d'enjeux théoriques et pragmatiques auxquels cette thèse de droit s'efforce de répondre. / In France, children can live in prison with their detained mothers until they reach eighteen months of age. These children are not detained, yet they evolve inside prisons. Nevertheless, their status and regime have never been conceptualised. Their stay in custody is only regulated by five articles in the Code de procedure pénale and an out dated minimal prison instruction. Conversely, in Englru1d and Wales, various legal tools have developed to protect these children. In spite of those differences, there are similarities between the English and the French model as far as prison rules for children in custody are concerned. Considering that Prison Law and Penal policies aim at regulating the conduct of detainees, how may they relate to non-legally detained persons? Further, may the concept of non-detention be defined in law? The conceptualisation of a legal framework for children in custody requires a confrontation of black letter law and the set of practices that are emerging in prison. In both legal systems, practices represent fundamental norms in the prison field, and this is particularly true of the construction of a specific legal framework for children in custody. May those emerging practices manage to overcome the hurdles that prison rules usually face? Is it possible to establish a legal framework for children in custody on a different, better-equipped normative basis, which could encompass children's specificities? This PhD thesis attempts to address these issues, whose stakes are theoretical as well as pragmatic.

Child protection is one of the most demanding fields of social protection and requires comprehensive solutions which have a major impact on the lives of children and their families. It also includes the agenda of parental conflicts and related child custody proceedings. The thesis deals with the practice of child protection social workers at the municipal authorities with extended powers in the Czech Republic in solving parental disputes. The theoretical part introduces legal, educational and competence framework of child protection and sets it into the context of specific aspects and pitfalls associated with the profession and approach of child protection social workers to solving parental conflicts. It also provides recommendations on how to solve parental conflicts followed by a case study of child protection department at the Prague 8 Municipality District Authority. It identifies attributes of best practice that contribute to the best interests of the child, including participation of families, multidisciplinary cooperation, transparency of processes and neutrality, professionalism and reflexivity of child protection social workers. The empirical part focuses on the understanding of working conditions and attitudes of child protection social workers at the municipal authorities with extended...

Child protection is one of the most demanding fields of social protection and requires comprehensive solutions which have a major impact on the lives of children and their families. It also includes the agenda of parental conflicts and related child custody proceedings. This thesis focuses on the practice of Czech social workers operating in the field of child protection at the municipal authorities with extended powers and on their approaches used to resolve parental disputes. The theoretical part is based on the conceptualization of practice from the perspective of a dynamic model of practice by Karen Healy, which builds on the interaction of several contexts, i.e. institutional contexts, formal professional base of social work, service users and their communities and framework for practice, and surveys them with regard to the agenda of parental disputes in detail. The empirical part aims to identify the variability of approaches used by Czech social workers operating in the field of child protection to resolve parental disputes. The research combines both qualitative and quantitative methodology and identifies a typology of defensive practice, reflexive practice, and intuitive practice. Individual types differ in the attitudes the child protection social workers express towards recognized...

Vaterschaft mit Behinderung ist ein wenig untersuchtes Phänomen, obwohl Väter mit einer Behinderung vor ähnlichen Aufgaben und Problemen wie Väter ohne Behinderung stehen. Der persönliche Blick auf die eigene Behinderung ist bestimmend für die Haltung und das Handeln als Vater. Väter mit positivem Selbstkonzept vermuten kaum Probleme oder negative Auswirkungen der Behinderung auf das Kind. Als schwerwiegende Barrieren im Alltag erweisen sich einschränkende Rahmenbedingungen und fehlende Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten; [J1] nur ein geringer Teil von Problemen hängt ursächlich mit der Behinderung zusammen.