Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:18:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisele de Lima Fernandes.pdf: 7708197 bytes, checksum: d2c31d2a5302f3564102245125dc8900 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-05-25 / The present experiment is a systematic replication of Ferreira (2002) and aimed to analyze the choice behavior in typical developing children through the simultaneous variation of reinforcer magnitude and delay. The participants, 6 five to six year-old children who studied at a public state pre-school, were exposed to a computer choice task programmed in concurrent-chains schedule. In the initial link, there was a VI 15s schedule independently programmed in each component. Subsequently, in the baseline condition, each component was programmed to produce high and low reinforcer magnitude with the same delay (magnitude baseline) and long and short reinforcer delay with the same magnitude (delay baseline) and, in the experimental condition, there was a simultaneous variation of reinforcer magnitude and delay. There were 4 phases in the experimental condition, in which the short delay was kept at 5s, but the long delay was progressively increased throughout the phases (25s phase 1, 35s phase 2, 45s phase 3, 55s phase 4. The delay period was programmed in Fixed Time (FT). At the end of the Fixed Time, the reinforcement was made available. Tokens in different sizes and colors were used as reinforcers (big green token corresponded to high magnitude and small white token to low magnitude); they were produced in a FR5 schedule and were exchangeable for toys at the end of the session. Five high magnitude tokens were exchangeable for two toys and five low magnitude tokens were exchangeable for one toy. The results show that, although the children responded in the component that produced high reinforcer magnitude over the one that produced low magnitude (magnitude baseline) and in the component that produced a short reinforcer delay over the one that produced long delay (delay baseline) in most the trials of the baseline conditions, when these variables were simultaneously varied, the children responded more frequently in the component that produced higher reinforcer magnitude, although they were delayed, even with the increase up to 55s in delay through the phases. The data were discussed in terms of the possible interference of the procedures adopted and the reinforcing properties of the tokens, toys, and the response of using the computer over the choice and self-control behavior. / O presente experimento trata de uma replicação sistemática de Ferreira (2002) com o objetivo de analisar o comportamento de escolha em crianças com desenvolvimento típico, a partir da variação simultânea da magnitude e do atraso do reforço. Os participantes, 6 crianças com idade de 5 a 6 anos estudantes de uma pré-escola de Ensino Público Estadual, foram expostos a uma atividade de escolha programada em esquema encadeado concorrente num computador. No elo inicial foi programado em cada um dos componentes, de modo independente, um esquema VI 15s. Posteriormente, na condição de linha de base cada um dos componentes era programado para produzir de forma distinta magnitude alta e baixa do reforço com atraso igual (linha de base magnitude) e atraso maior e menor do reforço com magnitude igual (linha de base atraso) e, na condição experimental, houve a variação simultânea da magnitude e do atraso do reforço. Na condição experimental foram manipuladas 4 fases, sendo que o atraso menor permaneceu constante (5 segundos), mas o atraso maior foi aumentado progressivamente no decorrer das fases (25 segundos fase 1, 35 segundos fase 2, 45 segundos fase 3 e 55 segundos fase 4). O período de atraso do reforço foi programado por Tempo Fixo (FT). Ao final do Tempo Fixo entrava em vigor o período de acesso ao reforço. Utilizou-se como reforço fichas de cores e tamanhos diferentes (ficha grande e verde correspondia à magnitude alta e ficha pequena e branca correspondia à magnitude baixa), ganhas num esquema FR5, que eram trocadas por brinquedos no final da sessão. Cinco fichas de magnitude alta eram trocadas por dois brinquedos e cinco fichas de magnitude baixa eram trocadas por um brinquedo. Os resultados encontrados revelam que, embora na fase de linha de base as crianças na maioria das tentativas responderam no componente que produzia magnitude alta sobre o que produzia magnitude baixa do reforço (linha de base magnitude) e no componente que produzia atraso menor sobre o componente que produzia atraso maior do reforço (linha de base atraso), quando houve manipulação simultânea dessas variáveis, responderam mais freqüentemente no componente que produzia magnitude alta do reforço apesar do atraso maior, mesmo com o aumento através das fases, chegando até 55 segundos. Os dados obtidos são discutidos nos termos da possível interferência dos procedimentos adotados e das propriedades reforçadoras das fichas, dos brinquedos e do próprio manusear do computador para a apresentação do comportamento de escolha de autocontrole.

A metacognição é processo conceituado como o julgamento que um organismo (humano ou não humano) faz sobre seu próprio saber ou não saber. Há relatos de pesquisas sobre esse processo com seres humanos e diversas espécies de não humanos. Poucos estudos, porém, discutem a ocorrência de metacognição em ratos, e os resultados são controversos, em função de questionamentos sobre os procedimentos experimentais empregados. Este estudo teve o objetivo de investigar o efeito da manipulação de diferentes proporções de reforço produzidas em duas alternativas, sendo uma probabilística e outra com reforçamento contínuo, sobre o desempenho de ratos em uma tarefa de discriminação de diferentes durações de estímulos sonoros. O procedimento empregado é uma adaptação do utilizado por Foote e Crystal (2007), que investigou a ocorrência de metacognição em ratos. Foram utilizados cinco ratos machos, da linhagem Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) mantidos a 80% de seu peso ad libitum. O aparato utilizado foi um labirinto em Ey. O procedimento consistiu de quatro fases: 1) Treino exploratório no braço em Y, no qual o animal foi exposto a alternativas que continham seis pelotas de ração; 2) Treino de discriminação de estímulos sonoros, no qual foram treinadas duas discriminações condicionais com duas durações de estímulo sonoro, uma curta (2s), e uma longa (8s), cada uma correlacionada com a escolha de uma das portas do braço em Y; 3) Treino exploratório no braço em I, no qual os animais foram expostos a uma alternativa livre, que continha três pelotas de ração; e 4) Fase de Teste, na qual foram apresentadas diferentes durações de som (2.00, 2.44, 2.97, 3.62, 4.42, 5.38, 6.56 e 8.00s), a partir das quais o animal poderia escolher entre o braço em Y (fazer o teste), e receber seis pelotas de ração caso escolhesse a porta correta (correlacionada à duração curta ou longa), ou escolher a alternativa de recusa do teste, produzindo, com certeza, a quantidade de ração estabelecida pela condição em vigor. Foi analisada a porcentagem de escolhas realizadas pelos animais nos braços Y e I em cada condição, assim como a relação entre a porcentagem de acertos e erros nos testes e recusa, para cada duração de som. Todos os sujeitos atingiram o critério de aprendizagem estabelecido na fase de treino. Na fase de testes, observou-se que o som deixou de exercer controle sobre a resposta de escolha de todos os animais. À medida que a proporção de reforço variou na alternativa de recusa, os animais alteraram o padrão de escolha, de propensão para aversão ao risco, de acordo com a condição em vigor. A escolha por uma alternativa não se mostrou sob controle da acurácia dos animais em discriminar as durações dos estímulos apresentados, mas sim da proporção e probabilidade do reforço em cada alternativa. Discute-se a necessidade de se recorrer ao conceito de metacognição para descrever o desempenho dos animais em tarefas como a empregada no presente estudo. / The metacognition process is known as the judgment that an organism (human or nonhuman) makes of its own knowing or not knowing. There are research reports on this process in humans and several nonhuman species. Few discuss the occurrence of metacognition in rats, though, and the results are controversial due to the questionings about the experimental procedures applied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects in handling different reinforcement proportions in two alternatives, one being probabilistic and the other with continuous reinforcement, on the performance of rats in a task of discrimination of different sound stimuli duration. The applied procedure was adapted from that used by Foote and Crystal (2007), which investigated the occurrence of metacognition in rats. Five male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used and maintained at 80% of their weight ad libitum. The apparatus used was an Ey-shaped maze. The procedure consisted of four phases: 1) exploratory training on the Y arm, in which the animal was exposed to alternatives containing six pellets of food; 2) training on sound stimuli discrimination, in which were trained two conditional discriminations with two different sound stimuli durations one short (2s) and one long (8s) each linked to the choice of one door from the Y arm; 3) exploratory training on the I arm, in which the animals were exposed to a free-choice alternative containing three pellets; and 4) test phase, in which were used different sound durations (2.00, 2.44, 2.97, 3.62, 4.42, 5.38, 6.56 and 8.00s), giving the animal the option of choosing between the Y arm (doing the test) and get six pellets of food if it chooses the correct door (according to the short or long duration), and the refusal of the test, producing, that way, an amount of food established by the current condition. The percentage of choices made by the animals on the Y and I arms in each condition was analyzed, as well as the relation between the percentage of successes and errors in tests and refusals for each sound duration. All the subjects achieved the learning criterion stated in the training phase. During the test phase it was noted that the sound ceased in exerting control over all the animals responses. As the reinforcement proportions varied in the refusal alternatives the animals altered the pattern of choice from risk-proneness to risk-aversion, according to the current condition. The choice for an alternative didnt show to be controlled by the animals accuracy in discriminating the stimuli durations presented, but by the proportion and probability of the reinforcement in each alternative. Its been discussed the need to resort to the concept of metacognition to describe the animals performance in tasks such as the one applied in the present study.

Revenue Management (RM) has become one of the most successful application areas of Operation Research. What started off as an obscure practice among few airlines in U.S in early seventies, has attained the status of mainstream business practice, thanks to the major success enjoyed by companies applying RM. Over the same period, academic and industrial research on the methodology of RM has also grown rapidly. Despite the vast technical literature on the subject of revenue management, relatively few papers explicitly model the customer’s choice behavior. Such a behavior of customers could have major impact on revenue realized by an organization. Motivated by this, we focus on addressing the problem faced by a seller who serves customers exhibiting buy-down behavior. We address two important problems faced by a seller with few perishable goods. His objective is to obtain maximum revenue possible by sales of his perishable goods. The seller now potentially faces the problem of fixing the price of the products and then control the availability of products so as to maximize his revenue by minimizing the number of customers who buy-down. The first problem is the multi-product pricing problem where we consider a monop- olistic market situation in which a seller has some quantities of perishable goods under his disposal. The seller has the option of adding few additional features to the base product(perishable good) and thereby differentiating the products to cater to different market segments. Adding each additional feature involves certain cost and there are no restrictions on the availability of the features except that a feature can be added to the base product atmost once . The customers are price-sensitive and the seller is aware of the price-demand relationship of the various customer segments. A customer looking for a product buys the product if and only if the price is less than his reservation price. The sellers’ problem is to identify the price and bundling of features for the various customer segments so as to generate maximum possible revenue. We develop a Mixed integer non-linear mathematical programming model for the problem. We then split the problem into pricing problem and bundling problem and solve them sequentially. We finally provide a numeric example to illustrate the solution procedure. Once the prices are fixed, the next problem is to control the availability of products so as to prevent the buy-down behavior of the customers. We deal with the situation of a seller with two substitutable products. The price of both products are fixed over entire selling period. In a traditional control mechanism structure if the sequence of arrival of customers are known, then it becomes trivial to solve the problem of setting control limits which would prevent buy-down behavior. But in reality it never happens that the seller knows the arrival sequence. Hence in this study to isolate the effect of arrival sequence from other complexities like demand variability, we assume a deterministic demand for both the products but the arrival sequence is randomized. We initially analyze the above described problem and develop a static control mech- anism. We show that the static control mechanism is asymptotically equivalent to the traditional selling mechanism. Then we move on to make modification in the static con- trol mechanism and make it a dynamic control mechanism such that it will respond to the buy-down customers. In order to analyze the performance of dynamic control mechanism, we build a simulation model that would compare traditional selling mechanism and dynamic control mechanism. Statistical analysis is then done on the simulation results. It is shown that for all values of buy-down proportion, on an average the dynamic control mechanism outperforms the traditional control mechanism. Further there is a trend in revenues generated depending upon the buy-down proportion which is also explained. The chapter concludes with operating guidelines for better revenue realization. The organization of the thesis is as follows. In chapter 2, we present the literature survey. We start off with the history of RM and proceed to discuss the inventory control problems in RM in detail. Then we discuss literatures dealing with customer choice behavior. In chapter 3, we define and model the multi - product pricing problem. We present a mixed integer non-linear mathematical program to model the pricing problem. The solution to this problem is divided into two sub problems - the pricing problem and the bundling problem. Solution methodologies for both sub - problem are given and the chapter concludes with a numerical illustration for a 3 - product pricing problem. In chapter 4, we define and address the inventory control problem for a two product case when customers exhibit buy-down nature. We develop a static control mechanism and study its properties. Then we move on to the dynamic control mechanism which would suit real - world conditions. Finally we study the quality of developed methodology using statistical testing methods.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

A fencanfamina (FCF) é um agonista indireto do sistema dopaminérgico que tem efeitos neurais e comportamentais similares aos observados com outras drogas estimulantes como a anfetamina ou a cocaína (COC). O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da administração aguda e repetida de FCF sobre o valor reforçador dos estímulos (Re). Foi usada a equação de igualação proposta por Herrnstein (1970) para avaliar esse efeito motivacional Foi também medido o efeito dessa droga sobre a taxa de respostas e a capacidade motora (k). Três experimentos foram realizados. Nos três experimentos o efeito da FCF foi testado em ratos treinados em um esquema múltiplo de sete componentes de diferentes Vls. Nos Experimentos 1 e 2 (E1 e E2, respectivamente) três doses agudas de FCF (0,88 mg/kg, 1,75 mg/kg e 3,5 mg/kg) foram administradas i.p. No E1 o reforçador foi água e no E2 reforçador foi sacarose. Em ambos os experimentos, o efeito da droga sobre os parâmetros estudados foi semelhante: as três doses de FCF aumentaram a taxa de respostas e diminuíram Re, sem alterar k. No Experimento 3, seis injeções de veiculo (Grupo VEI) ou de 1,75 mg/kg de FCF (Grupo DROGA) foram administradas i.p. intermitentemente aos sujeitos a fim de promover sensibilização comportamental. Após sete dias de suspensão da droga, foi administrada uma dose de 0,88 mg/kg de FCF em animais de ambos os grupos e foi medido o efeito sobre a taxa de respostas, k e Re. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a administração repetida de FCF não alterou o efeito dessa droga sobre os parâmetros estudados. Os resultados são consistentes com os dados que mostram que a FCF tem efeitos sobre o comportamento similares aos de outros estimulantes, e apoiam a hipótese de que o aumento da taxa de respostas observado após a administração da FCF está relacionado a mudanças no valor reforçador dos estímulos, o que sugere um efeito motivacional e não motor. Além disso, os resultados sustentam as hipóteses que relacionam o sistema dopaminérgico ao processo do reforço. A falha na obtenção de sensibilização após a administração repetida de FCF poderia estar relacionada à dose utilizada ou ao numero de injeções administradas. / Fencanfamina (FCF) is an indirect dopaminergic agonist with neural and behavioral effects similar to those observed for other stimulant drugs such as the amphetamine or cocaine (COC). The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of acute and repeated administration of FCF on the reinforcing value (Re) taken as a motivational index. The Herrnstein hyperbole equation (1970) was used to evaluate this motivacional effect. The effects of FCF on response rate and motor capacity (k) where also observed. Three experiments were conducted. In all of them the effect of FCF was tested on rats trained on seven VI multiple schedule. In Experiments 1 and 2 (E1 and E2, respectively) three acute doses of FCF (0.88 mg/kg, 1.75 mg/kg and 3.5 mg/kg) were administered (i.p.) The reinforcer was water (E1) or sacarose (E2). In both experiments, the effect of the drug on the parameters studied was similar: the three doses of FCF increased the response rate, decreased Re and had no effect on k. In Experiment 3, six injections of vehicle (VEI Group) or 1.75 mg/kg of FCF (DROGA Group) were intermittently administered (i.p.) in order to promote sensitization. Seven days after drug withdrawal a single dose of 0.88 mg/kg of FCF was administered to animals in both groups and the effect on response rate, k and Re was measured. Results showed that repeated administration of FCF did not change the effect of this drug on the parameters investigated. These results are consistent with the evidence showing that FCF has behavioral effects similar to those reported for other stimulants and support the interpretation that increases in response rate are primarily related to changes in reinforcing value. Thus they probably reflect a motivational effect of the drug. Moreover, the results support the hypotheses that associate the dopaminergic system to the process of reinforcement. It is speculate that the failure to obtain sensitization after repeated administration of FCF could be related to dosage or number of injections.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:17:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Mesquita Ribeiro Luppi.pdf: 805284 bytes, checksum: 78888461552b8d933563f65c0d80e61e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-04 / Behavioral programs for professional guidance provide conditions so that the person learns to emit the choice behavior of your profession from the analysis of variable and the consequences of each professional option to be chosen. The aim of the present research was analyze the behavioral programs of professional guidance, developed and applied by Behavior Analysts, to identify their characteristics and objectives, beside pointing the difficulties found and reached result. For this analysis development were selected six publications which presented and described the intervention programs in professional guidance and had been planned according to Behavior Analysis. The material of analysis used criteria supported in principle of Behavior Analysis: a) clear formulation of objectives to be achieved; b) prerequisite survey; c) evaluation of previous repertoire; d) procedure planning of target behavior installation; e) respect to the rhythm of participant learning; f) planning of maintenance procedure of target behavior and g) planning of generalization procedure of target behavior. Through the result was possible to identify that, despite all the programs have present the effectiveness related to increase of repertoire of behaviors related to choice, most of them did not strictly follow the principles of Behavioral Analysis which must be applied to the planning of a Behavioral Intervention Program. These principles provided a basic structure for a planning program to ensure that the installed behavior could be kept out of the therapeutic environment and possibly get permanently integrated to the individual`s behavioral repertoire. Thus, this effectiveness presented immediately after completion of procedures cannot assure the installed behaviors to be kept after the program completion. Nevertheless, we can`t fail to consider that the proposed programs took an important step to help the youngsters choosing their career, indicating that a behavioral intervention program, planned according to the Behavior Analysis, is a feasible proposal which needs to be improved / O uso de programas comportamentais de orientação profissional proporciona condições para que o indivíduo aprenda a emitir o comportamento de escolha de sua profissão a partir da análise das prováveis variáveis que envolvem cada profissão e das consequências da opção profissional feita. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar programas comportamentais de orientação profissional, desenvolvidos e aplicados por analistas do comportamento, de modo a identificar suas características e objetivos, além de apontar dificuldades encontradas e resultados alcançados. Para a concretização desta análise foram selecionadas 6 publicações que apresentavam e descreviam os programas de intervenção em Orientação profissional e que tivessem sido planejados a partir da Análise do Comportamento. A análise do material utilizou critérios apoiados em princípios da Análise do Comportamento: a) formulação clara dos objetivos a serem alcançados; b) levantamento de pré-requisitos; c) avaliação de repertório prévio; d) planejamento do procedimento de instalação de comportamento-alvo; e) respeito ao ritmo de aprendizagem do participante; f) planejamento de procedimento de manutenção do comportamento instalado e g) planejamento de procedimento de generalização do comportamento instalado. Como resultado, foi possível identificar que, embora todos os programas tenham apresentado certa efetividade quanto à ampliação do repertório de comportamentos relacionados à escolha, a maioria deles não seguiu rigorosamente os princípios da Análise do Comportamento que devem ser empregados no planejamento de um programa de intervenção comportamental. Estes princípios forneceriam a estrutura básica do planejamento de um programa para garantir que os comportamentos instalados pudessem se manter fora do ambiente terapêutico e possivelmente integrarem de forma permanente o repertório de comportamentos do indivíduo. Assim, esta efetividade apresentada imediatamente após a finalização dos procedimentos não pode garantir que os comportamentos instalados se mantenham após a conclusão do programa. Entretanto, não se pode deixar de considerar que os programas propostos iniciaram um passo importante para ajudar os jovens a escolherem suas profissões, indicando que um programa de intervenção comportamental planejada a partir da Análise do Comportamento é uma proposta viável que precisa ser aprimorada

目前區段徵收乃是政府進行土地開發的方式之一，多用來取得所需之公共設施用地或特定目的事業用地，高鐵桃園車站特定區即採區段徵收方式進行開發，以取得高鐵所需之車站用地。由於現行區段徵收為抵價地式制度，被徵收之地主有領取抵價地與領取現金補償兩種選擇，因此，政府實施區段徵收時，將受到地主不同選擇行為之影響而有不同的辦理成效，使得區段徵收地主選擇行為在徵收辦理過程中，具有決定性的影響力。 　　本研究自土地開發之觀點探討區段徵收地主選擇行為，並著重於選擇行為影響因素之分析。由於相關文獻針對此部分的研究甚少，因此，首先歸納區段徵收地主選擇行為之影響因素，共分為地主屬性因素、政策管制因素及未來期望因素三類，並以高鐵桃園特定區為實證案例，透過問卷調查與Logit模型之建立，分析各項因素對特定區地主選擇行為的影響程度；其次則分析選擇行為的影響效果，以了解區段徵收地主選擇行為之前因後果，並進一步提出政策建議。 　　經由高鐵桃園車站特定區之實證分析，本研究得出以下六點結論： 　　1.大地主傾向領取抵價地，小地主與共有地主傾向領取現金補償，可藉由土地屬性之掌握，預知地主可能的選擇行為。 　　2.公告現值調漲時機關係徵收補償費之支出，並左右地價與市場景氣對選擇行為的影響，政府應先公告實施區段徵收後才發布都市計畫，以減少徵收補償費，提高財務可行性。 　　3.區段徵收地主選擇行為受價值觀之影響大，應考量地主保有祖產價值觀等個人屬性之影響，以預知選擇行為。 　　4.建築基地最小開發規模攸關小地主配地權益與土地開發型態，政府應考量土地規模與使用，訂定合理的建築基地最小開發規模。 　　5.抵價地領回比例與分配區位受公共設施用地規劃之影響，為領地地主改領現金補償的主要原因，可藉由抵價地相關規定誘導地主選擇行為之改變。 　　6.政府辦理區段徵收時，普遍未充分告知計畫內容與相關規定，影響地主權益。 / Zone expropriation is one kind of land development methods through which government can obtain the land for public facilities or specific uses. For example, the development of Taoyuan High Speed Rail station special zone is of this kind. According to zone expropriation system, there are two compensatory choices for landowners. One is by cash and the other is by pay-for-land. Therefore, landowner's choice behavior would play an important role in the process of zone expropriation. 　　With the view of land development, this paper discusses landowner's choice behavior in the process of zone expropriation and focuses on the factors of choice behavior. Here we sum up three kinds of factors that will affect landowner's choice behavior: they are landowner attributes, government regulations, and landowner expectations. According to the empirical study of zone expropriation in Taoyuan High Speed Rail station special zone, this paper has six conclusions: 　　1.Large landowners prefer to choose pay-for-land. On the contrary, small and common landowners prefer cash compensation. 　　2.To reduce the amount of cash compensation, the government should announce zone expropriation more early than urban plan. 　　3.The concept of keeping ancestral estate would influence landowner's choice behavior very much in the process of zone expropriation. 　　4.The development scale would affect the right of small landowners and the form of land development. The government should set a suitable development scale by considering the scale and use of land. 　　5.The assigned proportion and location of pay-for-land is the main reason why landowners with pay-for-land change to choose cash compensation. 　　6.The government seldom informed landowners of the whole plan and the relevant regulations in the process of zone expropriation.

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政府辦理區段徵收希望帶動新社區的繁榮，達成都市整體發展，取得公共設施用地及節省龐大建設經費支出等之目標，而地主希望藉由政府的開發行為，享有土地利用價值提高、公共設施完善等好處，然而所謂的公私互蒙其利，共創政府與民眾雙贏的開發方式，卻仍常產生地主為了財產權保障抗爭之情形而導致區段徵收作業延宕，因此，本研究以高鐵新竹車站特定區區段徵收案為例，針對地主選擇行為進行探討，透過群落分析歸類地主選配抵價地的型態，經由因子分析找出影響選配抵價地行為之因子，最後藉由羅吉特建立地主選配抵價地模型，希望可以提供政府部門及地主在選配抵價地之參考。研究結果如下： 一、 透過群落分析，予以歸類分析，劃分易於解釋的分配類型，可獲得二個群組四個方案，由此可瞭解地主選配抵價地型態。 二、 參與抵價地配地作業以男性地主居多，以年齡層多集中於中年左右，受訪地主多為已婚；受訪地主針對各項選配抵價地之影響因素均表示影響程度上都是以影響很大為居多，其中受訪地主多數認為使用分區類別、面前街道寬度、鄰近嫌惡設施程度、坵塊形狀、街廓評議地價高低等因素對於選配抵價地影響很大，又以鄰近嫌惡設施程度為居高。 三、 經由研究得知目前政府提供予地主之資訊管道不足或宣傳不周，對於整體區段徵收作業仍需加強與地主資訊的傳遞，以及充分公開整體計畫內容。 四、 部份地主不太滿意先抽籤再選配街廓的抵價地配地作業方式，其原因有主要為因籤號先後導致無法選配期望街廓佔多數，其次為權利價值較小者可能無法選配街廓，而需再與他人合併分配。 五、 建構八種類型之二項羅吉特模式，並透過AIC及SC值找出能力較佳的群組方案，由方案中得知地主多數還是以居住適宜性及小規模開發為主要。 六、 由二項羅吉特模式實證結果顯示，模型共通變數為土地變數的使用分區類別、基地最小開發規模訂定、鄰近嫌惡設施程度、緊臨遊憩設施狀況、坵塊座向，以及地主行為變數面前街道寬度影響程度、鄰近嫌惡設施影響程度、區段徵收前土地座落位置影響程度、性別、學歷、職業等等，均顯著影響地主選配抵價地之行為。 / Zone-expropriation by government hopes to achieve these targets like exciting new community's prosperity, achieving the overall development of the new city, accessing the public facilities and saving huge expenditures. By the government's development activities, the landlords enjoy the benefits of increased value of land and good public facilities. Handling Zone expropriation creates a win-win situation between the Government and the landlords. However, in the process of Zone-expropriation often generate opposition of landowners to protect their property rights which led to delays in Zone-expropriation operations. Therefore, this study of THSR (Taiwan High Speed Rail) Hsinchu Station Zone- expropriation as an example and discuss the landowner’s choice behavior. Through cluster analysis classified the landowner’s choice behavior. And by factor analysis to identify the major factors of landlord’s choice behavior. Finally by Logit modeling the landlord model hopes to provide some valuable suggestions for government. The study results are as follows: 1. Through cluster analysis, the study classified and divided into two groups that are easy to explain. The two groups contain four plans each and they can explain the landlord’s choice behavior. 2. Landlords of participation of Zone-expropriation are mostly male with age around 40 to 60 years old. These mostly married landlords think these are the major factors, the use of zoning category, the street width, the neighboring facilities, the shape of street block, the value of street blocks. The neighboring facilities rank the top 1 factor. 3. Through the research shows that government lacks of information or promotional channels. Government should improve the communication with landlords and fully disclosed the contents of the overall Zone-expropriation plan. 4. Landowners are not satisfied by the flow of ballot at first and then land choosing. The major reason is landlords can not choose the expected lands after ballot. And the second reason is the land loads with smaller land value can not choose street blocks unless they combine with other landlords’ land value and choose the expected land. 5. In the study, construction of eight types of models from two of Logit modeling, through the AIC and SC values come out the better group and plan. It shows the better plan is the small-scale residential development and good environment for the most landlords. 6. By the empirical results from Logit model show that model common variables are the land use zoning category, the base size of the minimum development, near the level of aversion facilities, recreational facilities close to the zone, street block location, the width of the street, the impact of land location before zone expropriation, gender, education, occupation, etc. They are significantly affected the selection behavior of land choice.

Submitted by Daniele Amaral (daniee_ni@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-13T17:55:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFSS.pdf: 1360494 bytes, checksum: 5c89e0de122abd4765ba50babcca44a7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-15T13:31:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFSS.pdf: 1360494 bytes, checksum: 5c89e0de122abd4765ba50babcca44a7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-15T13:31:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFSS.pdf: 1360494 bytes, checksum: 5c89e0de122abd4765ba50babcca44a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-15T13:32:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFSS.pdf: 1360494 bytes, checksum: 5c89e0de122abd4765ba50babcca44a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / The Sharing Game, an economic game, studies behavior involved in resource allocation. The participant faces several trials in which he must choose between two options, both with an amount of resources for him and for other passive participant. In the optimal option the distributor receives more and the receiver even more, and in the non optimal option the distributor receives less and the other even less. From their choice, participants may be classified as optimizers, egalitarians or competitives. This work intends to assess whether and to what extent, distributions of strategies in the Sharing Game are affected by the variables gender distributor and allocation frame (gains or losses). There were the Experimental Conditions Gain-Loss and Loss-Gain, both involving hypothetical money. Data were collected online through the website Survey Monkey (n=427). In an intragroup analysis, there was no difference in the strategies adopted by participants distributing gains and losses. However, a between group analysis showed a significant order exposure effect of the allocation type, that is, if the game started with gains or losses. When comparing the two experimental conditions, the Gain-Loss condition presented an optimized strategy in a higher percentage of participants, and the Loss-Gain condition showed a higher percentage of participants both in the egalitarian and competitive strategies. Significant gender differences were found in the two experimental conditions, since in both of them the optimal strategy showed a higher percentage of men. This study has social and scientific importance by presenting an experimental model to study cooperation and competition. It also contributes for the economic games being more known and used in Psychology and Behavior Analysis. Finally, it provides greater generality to the data which may still be inconclusive regarding gender and the use of gains or losses in economic games. / O Jogo da Partilha é um jogo econômico que estuda os comportamentos envolvidos na distribuição de recursos. O participante deve escolher, em uma série de tentativas, entre duas opções com uma quantidade de recursos para ele e para outro participante passivo. Na opção ótima, o distribuidor recebe mais e o outro participante mais ainda e na opção não ótima, o distribuidor recebe menos e o outro menos ainda. A partir das escolhas dos participantes, verificam-se quantos foram otimizadores, igualitários e competitivos. Este trabalho pretendeu avaliar se, e em que extensão, as distribuições de estratégias no Jogo da Partilha são afetadas pelas variáveis gênero do distribuidor e tipo de alocação (ganho ou perda). Houve a Condição Experimental Ganho-Perda e a Condição Experimental Perda-Ganho, ambas envolvendo distribuição de dinheiro hipotético. Os dados foram coletados on-line através do site Survey Monkey (n=427). Em uma análise intragrupo, não houve diferença nas estratégias adotadas pelos participantes, entre distribuir ganho e perda. Porém, uma análise entre grupos mostrou efeitos significativos da ordem do tipo de alocação e do gênero do distribuidor. Na condição Ganho-Perda, houve uma maior porcentagem de participantes na estratégia otimizada, e na condição Perda-Ganho houve uma maior porcentagem na igualitária e na competitiva. E, nas duas condições experimentais, houve uma maior porcentagem de homens na estratégia otimizada. Este trabalho possui importância social e científica ao apresentar um modelo experimental para estudar competição e cooperação, ao contribuir para os jogos econômicos serem mais conhecidos e utilizados na Psicologia e na Análise do Comportamento, e ao fornecer maior generalidade aos dados inconclusivos em relação ao gênero e à utilização de ganho e perda em alocações de recursos. / 2012/23951-8