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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Movimentação larval de lepidópteros-praga em soja e milho / Larval movement of lepdopteran pests in soybean and corn

Holzhausen, Hurian Gallinari 31 October 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Hurian Gallinari Holzhausen null (huriangh@gmail.com) on 2018-01-15T11:49:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HGH MS Thesis (versão final com certificado de aprovação e ficha catalográfica).pdf: 1510898 bytes, checksum: a45b72beb1fe2ac3364dcbb483cdfc89 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alexandra Maria Donadon Lusser Segali null (alexmar@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-01-17T12:47:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 holzhausen_hg_me_jabo.pdf: 1510898 bytes, checksum: a45b72beb1fe2ac3364dcbb483cdfc89 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-17T12:47:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 holzhausen_hg_me_jabo.pdf: 1510898 bytes, checksum: a45b72beb1fe2ac3364dcbb483cdfc89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / RESUMO - Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) e Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) são consideradas pragas de grande importância na cultura da soja, enquanto Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) é considerada importante na cultura do milho no Brasil Central. Para o controle bem-sucedido dessas pragas usando plantas Bt, bem como o desenvolvimento de estratégias do manejo de resistência, é essencial conhecer a movimentação do estágio larval desses insetos. O estudo foi conduzido dentro de gaiolas teladas (3,00 x 3,00 x 1,80 m), a fim de evitar infestações naturais. As lagartas foram liberadas em uma planta localizada no centro das gaiolas. As lagartas e as injurias foram observadas a fim de registrar a posição na planta e a localização na gaiola. Lagartas de C. includens e H. armigera apresentaram movimentação entre as plantas de soja, enquanto lagartas de D. saccharalis praticamente se mantiveram nas plantas onde houve a liberação. Com isso, a adoção de mistura de sementes não Bt e Bt para o estabelecimento de refúgio em cultivos Bt pode ser adequado apenas para D. saccharalis. / ABSTRACT - Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are considered pests of great importance in soybean crop, while Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is considered important in maize crop in the Brazilian Central region. For the successful control of these pests using Bt plants as well as development of resistance management strategies, it is essential to know the larval stage movement of these insects. The study was carried out inside saran cages (3.00 x 3.00 x 1.80 m), in order to avoid natural infestation. Larvae were released in a plant located in the center of the cages. Larvae and injuries were observed in order to register the position in the plant and the location in the cage. Larvae of C. includens e H. armigera moved between soybean plants, whereas D. saccharalis practically remained in the plants where they were released. Thus, the adoption of non-Bt and genetically modified seed mixture for refuge establishment in Bt crops may be suitable only for D. saccharalis. / 134533/2015-1
2

Impacto de priori xtra® sobre nomuraea rileyi em lagartas desfolhadoras

Cagliari, Deise 15 August 2015 (has links)
The population outbreak of caterpillar in soybeans has been linked with entomopathogenic elimination of fungi by fungicides. Many experiments were conducted to understand the effect of fungicides Azoxystrobin + Cyproconazole on Nomuraea rileyi. The experiments were: (a) N. rileyi activity time; (b) effect of fungicide application on N. rileyi; (c) the natural occurrence of N. rileyi; and (d) the spectrum of action of N. rileyi on soybean caterpillars. Anticarsia gemmatalis mortality achieved 100% at 48 hours when N. riley was inoculated in powder form. N. rileyi in powder form showed higher time activity in comparison to application of N. rileyi in liquid form. Fungicide application on N. rileyi caused a delay on A. gemmatalis mortality. However, when evaluation was later the mortality of A. gemmatalis by N. rileyi was not affected. The occurrence of N. rileyi in caterpillars was different among local sampled, and it was mainly associated with the weather conditions. N. rileyi showed to be entomopathogenic to A. gemmatalis, Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa armigera and Chrysodeixis includens, however, the mortality ranged among species. The major factor that impacted on non-occurrence of N. rileyi in some years may be the weather conditions, rather than fungicide applications. Therefore, fungicides were not the main cause of non-occurrence of N. rileyi and therefore it was not the main cause of caterpillars outbreaks in soybean. / O aumento populacional de lagartas tidas como secundárias na cultura da soja pode estar ligado a eliminação de fungos entomopatogênicos pelos fungicidas. Para compreender o efeito do fungicida Azoxistrobina + Ciproconazol sobre Nomuraea rileyi foram realizados um conjunto de ensaios para determinar o tempo de atividade da N. rileyi; o impacto da aplicação do fungicida em N. rileyi; a ocorrência natural de N. rileyi; e a determinação do espectro de ação de N. rileyi sobre lagartas desfolhadoras da soja. A mortalidade de Anticarsia gemmatalis infestada em folhas inoculadas com N. rileyi na forma de aplicação em pó foi de 100% após 48 horas, apresentando maior tempo de atividade em relação a forma de aplicação líquida. Com relação a aplicação do fungicida sobre N. rileyi, essa causou um retardo na mortalidade de A. gemmatalis. Porém, quando a avaliação da mortalidade foi realizada em um tempo maior a aplicação do fungicida não afetou a mortalidade de A. gemmatalis. A ocorrência de N. rileyi variou entre os locais amostrados, sendo associada principalmente as condições climáticas. N. rileyi mostrou ser um fungo entomopatogênico para A. gemmatalis, Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa armigera e Chrysodeixis includens, contudo, o tempo de mortalidade variou entre as espécies. Com isso, o fator de maior influência pela não ocorrência de N. rileyi em alguns anos pode estar mais relacionado as condições climáticas, do que as aplicações de fungicidas. Portanto, os fungicidas não são a principal causa da não ocorrência de N. rileyi e consequentemente das explosões populacionais de lagartas em soja.
3

Identification and characterization of silk gland specific UGT34 gene in Helicoverpa zea

Wynn, Courtney Nicole 08 August 2023 (has links) (PDF)
Uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT) is a multigene family of enzymes responsible for catalyzing glycosylation of small hydrophobic molecules. Recently, a genomic analysis of the corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea) identified 45 different UGT genes. We discovered a UGT gene (UGT34) showing high levels of expression exclusively in the silk gland tissue. The expression levels of UGT34 were analyzed in different developmental stages and silk gland sub-segments, revealing that UGT34 is generally expressed at all larval instar stages and largely expressed in the middle and posterior subsegments of the silk glands. The soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens), another noctuid moth species, was analyzed and found to have similar gene expression patterns. To determine UGT34 function RNA interference (RNAi) was used, but it revealed to be unsuccessful. Taken together, the present study implies that UGT34 plays an important role in silk glands, yet its molecular and physiological function needs to be determined by further study.
4

Multi-stage population models applied to insect dynamics

Benedito, Antone dos Santos January 2020 (has links)
Orientador: Cláudia Pio Ferreira / Abstract: This thesis presents two manuscripts previously sent to publication in scientific journals. In the first manuscript, a delay differential equation model is developed to study the dynamics of two Aedes aegypti mosquito populations: infected by the intracellular bacteria Wolbachia and non-infected (wild) individuals. All the steady states of the system are determined, namely extinction of both populations, extinction of the infected population and persistence of the non-infected one, and coexistence. Their local stability is analyzed, including Hopf bifurcation, which promotes periodic solutions around the nontrivial equilibrium points. Finally, one investigates the global asymptotic stability of the trivial solution. In the second manuscript, after rearing soybean looper Chrysodeixis includens in laboratory conditions, thermal requirements for this insect-pest are estimated, from linear and nonlinear regression models, as well as the intrinsic growth rate. This parameter depends on the life-history traits and can provide a measure of population viability of the species. / Doutor

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