Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiannyAN.pdf: 1040244 bytes, checksum: ad1fdad987ef4b04e5da0f991183dbdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-28 / The main goal of the present study is to propose a methodological approach to the teaching of Geometry and, in particular, to the construction of the concepts of circle (circumference) and ellipse by 7th and 8th grade students. In order to aid the students in the construction of these concepts, we developed a module based on mathematical modeling, and both Urban Geometry (Taxicab Geometry) and Isoperimetric Geometry. Our analysis was based on Jean Piaget's Equilibrium Theory. Emphasizing the use of intuition based on accumulated past experiences, the students were encouraged to come up with a hypothesis, try it out, discuss it with their peers, and derive conclusions. Although the graphs of circles and ellipses assume different shapes in Urban and Isoperimetric Geometry than they do in the standard Euclidian Geometry, their definitions are identical regardless of the metric used. Thus, by comparing the graphs produced in the different metrics, the students were able to consolidate their understanding of these concepts. The intervention took place in a series of small group activities. At the end of the study, the 53 seventh grade and the 55 eighth grade students had a better understanding of the concepts of circle and ellipse / O objetivo principal deste trabalho ? propor uma abordagem metodol?gica do ensino da Geometria e, mais particularmente, de constru??o dos conceitos de circunfer?ncia e elipse por alunos de 7? e 8? s?rie. Desenvolvemos um estudo te?rico-pr?tico, baseado na modelagem matem?tica e nas Geometrias Urbana e Isoperim?trica, a fim de oportunizar aos alunos construir o seu entendimento sobre circunfer?ncia e elipse. A an?lise dessa constru??o foi realizada com base na Teoria da Equilibra??o de Jean Piaget. Foi enfatizado o uso da intui??o que estes estudantes j? tinham acumulado em situa??es cotidianas. Eles foram encorajados a levantar hip?teses, testar, discutir com os colegas e tirar suas conclus?es. No entanto, o uso das Geometrias Urbana e Isoperim?trica implica que os gr?ficos das circunfer?ncia e elipse tomem formas diferentes. A compara??o dessas formas ?s produzidas na Geometria Euclidiana foi usada para consolidar o entendimento desses conceitos, desde que s?o id?nticos, independente das m?tricas. A interven??o foi efetivada mediante o uso de uma s?rie de atividades cumpridas em pequenos grupos. Ao final do estudo percebemos que os 53 alunos da 7? e 55 da 8? s?rie, participantes do mesmo, foram capazes de obter um melhor entendimento dos conceitos de circunfer?ncia e elipse

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-15T13:31:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogerio Tosta.pdf: 1407696 bytes, checksum: 05707143133f12bb9926534f77e3561d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-27 / The corporal fat located one in the abdominal region seems to be bigger predictor of higher risks to human health comparing with the generalized fat, consisting in a great problem of public health, with high financial and social costs. The Abdominal Obesity (AO) in the Brazilian female population has increase in the last few decades. The objectives of this study had been to evaluate the performance of the cut-off point the anthropometrics indices of AO Conicity Index (CIN), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) and Waist-to-height (WTH) - to discriminate Coronary High Risk (CHR) in workers of an University and esteem the prevalence of AO and its relation with socio-demographic, occupational and lifestyle factors. It s about a study of cross-sectional in Feira de Santana-BA-Brazil with 461 technician-administrative and general services workers women of an University with age enters 20-69 years. The analysis of the cut-off points the anthropometrics indices was made through curves ROC. Values of sensitivity and specificity had been verified to identify and to compare the best cut-off points to discriminate CHR, calculated on the basis of Score of Framingham (SF). The prevalence as measured of occurrence was adopted. The Hazard Ratio had been used to evaluate the associations between the variables. The cut-off points and the joined prevalence had been: WC (86 cm / 37.3%), WHR (0,87 / 28.9%), CIN (1,25 / 32.3%) and WTH (0,55 / 29.1%), being, respectively, the areas under curve ROC of 0,70 (IC95% = 0,63-0,77), 0,74 (IC95% = 0,67-0,81), 0,76 (IC95% = 0,70-0,83) and 0,74 (IC95% = 0,67-0,81). CIN was the pointer that presented optimum to be able discriminatory, followed for the WHR and the WHT and, finally for the WC. Association met positive and with significance statistics it enters all the indicators of AO and greater age, greater number of children, minor schooling, greater service time, tobaccoism (smoking and former-smokers) and greater sugar consumption. The consumption of bovine meat also was associated with the AO, not being significant statistical, only for CIN. The civil status (married/free union) was positively associated with the AO from all indicators, however presented association statistics only through the WHT. The abdominal one expects especially that these results can contribute for the briefing of the phenomenon of the obesity in the Brazilian female population, supplying information so that the health professionals act in the prevention of this multifactorial clinical condition preventing the appearance of the cardiovascular illnesses. / A gordura corporal localizada na regi?o abdominal tem sido apontada como preditora mais relevante de riscos elevados ? sa?de do que a gordura generalizada, constituindo-se grande problema de sa?de p?blica, com alto custo financeiro e social. A obesidade abdominal (OABD) na popula??o feminina brasileira tem aumentado nas ?ltimas d?cadas. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o desempenho de diferentes pontos de corte dos indicadores antropom?tricos de OABD ?ndice de Conicidade (?ndice C), Circunfer?ncia de Cintura (CC), Raz?o Cintura-Quadril (RCQ) e Raz?o Cintura/Estatura (RCEst) para discriminar Risco Coronariano Elevado (RCE) em funcion?rias de uma Institui??o de Ensino Superior (IES) e estimar a preval?ncia de OABD e sua rela??o com vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas, ocupacionais e comportamentais. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal realizado em Feira de Santana-BA-Brasil com 461 funcion?rias t?cnico- administrativas e de servi?os gerais de uma IES com idade entre 20-69 anos. A an?lise dos pontos de corte dos indicadores antropom?tricos foi feita atrav?s das curvas ROC. A sensibilidade e a especificidade foram estimadas para identificar e comparar os melhores pontos de corte para discriminar RCE, calculado com base no Escore de Risco de Framingham (ERF). Foi adotada a preval?ncia como medida de ocorr?ncia. A raz?o de preval?ncia foi utilizada para avaliar as associa??es entre as vari?veis. Os pontos de corte e as preval?ncias encontradas foram: CC (86 cm / 37,3%), RCQ (0,87 / 28,9%), ?ndice C (1,25 / 32,3%) e RCEst (0,55 / 29,1%), sendo, respectivamente, as ?reas sob a curva ROC de 0,70 (IC95% = 0,63-0,77), 0,74 (IC95% = 0,67-0,81), 0,76 (IC95% = 0,70-0,83) e 0,74 (IC95% = 0,67-0,81). O ?ndice C foi o indicador que apresentou o melhor poder discriminat?rio, seguido pela RCQ e pela RCEst e, por fim pela CC. Encontrou-se associa??o positiva e com signific?ncia estat?stica entre todos os indicadores de OABD e maior idade, maior n?mero de filhos, menor escolaridade, maior tempo de servi?o, tabagismo (fumantes e exfumantes) e maior consumo de a??car. O consumo de carne bovina tamb?m esteve associado com a OABD, n?o sendo significante estatisticamente, apenas pelo ?ndice C. A situa??o conjugal (casada/uni?o est?vel) foi positivamente associada ? OABD a partir de todos indicadores, entretanto apresentou associa??o estat?stica somente atrav?s da RCEst. Espera-se que estes resultados possam contribuir para a elucida??o do fen?meno da obesidade, especialmente a abdominal, na popula??o feminina brasileira, fornecendo informa??es para que os profissionais de sa?de atuem na preven??o dessa condi??o cl?nica multifatorial evitando o aparecimento das doen?as cardiovasculares.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Alexandre Galvao.pdf: 298975 bytes, checksum: 9d22ecc92482b98f474bee4de0969bdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-19 / Dermatobia hominis affects bovines, causing serious economic damages and of productivity for the beef cattle. The occurrence of dermatobiosis and alteration in the fertility of bulls come being currently studied with intention to evaluate its influence on the parameters of the spermatic quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical analysis of the masculine reproductive system, the testicular perimeter, the physical characteristics as motility, turbidity, intensity and spermatic concentration, and morphology of the semen. For in such a way, 18 bulls of the commercial Nelore race had been used, with age of 36 months, variation of corporal score of 6.0 to 6.5, after pre selection, following the standard of the Manual of the CBRA. The bulls had been placed in two groups: G1 (nine infested with D. hominis larvae on the scrotal skin) and G2 (nine bulls as controls), and they were submitted to the andrologic examinations in the days D24, D48, D63 and D74 and evaluated the testicular and seminal characteristics. The gotten average values of these parameters had been analyzed by the variance test, and results had indicated that it did not have significant difference (p< 0.005). These results indicate that the experimental infestation of D. hominis in the escrotal skin did not influence the spermatic quality of bulls of the Nelore race. / Dermatobia hominis afeta os bovinos, causando graves preju?zos econ?micos e de produtividade para a pecu?ria de corte. A ocorr?ncia da dermatobiose e altera??o na fertilidade de touros v?m sendo estudadas atualmente com intuito de avaliar a sua influ?ncia sobre os par?metros da qualidade esperm?tica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar clinicamente o aparelho reprodutor masculino, o per?metro testicular, as caracter?sticas f?sicas (motilidade, turbilhonamento, vigor e concentra??o esperm?tica) e morfol?gicas do ejaculado. Foram utilizados 18 touros da ra?a Nelore comercial, com idade de 36 meses, com varia??o de escore corporal de 6,0 a 6,5, ap?s a pr?-sele??o seguindo o padr?o do Manual do CBRA. Os touros foram alocados em dois grupos: G1 (nove infestados com larvas de D. hominis na bolsa escrotal) e Grupo 2 ( nove touros, controle), e submetidos aos exames androl?gicos nos dias D24, D48, D63 e D74 e avaliadas as caracter?sticas testiculares e as seminais. Os valores m?dios obtidos destes par?metros foram analisados pelo teste de vari?ncia, e os resultados indicaram que n?o houve diferen?a significativa (P<0.05). Estes resultados indicam que a infesta??o experimental de D. hominis na bolsa escrotal n?o influenciou a qualidade esperm?tica de touros Nelore.