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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Efeito sinérgico entre a terapia fotodinâmica e a cisplatina: uma nova abordagem para o câncer de colo uterino

Freitas, Laura Marise de [UNESP] 10 February 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-13T12:10:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-10. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-07-13T12:25:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000838217.pdf: 2068210 bytes, checksum: 7cc196b4afd9c4a009cb398bc82c6339 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O câncer de colo uterino (ou câncer cervical) é uma neoplasia maligna que tem a infecção pelo HPV como o principal fator de risco para o seu surgimento. As terapias atuais para o tratamento do câncer cervical têm como maior desvantagem a excisão substancial do estroma cervical e muitos efeitos adversos associados aos quimioterápicos, principalmente a cisplatina. Nesse cenário, a terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) vem se mostrando uma alternativa promissora, especialmente se combinada a tratamentos convencionais. A técnica é baseada na administração de um agente fotossensibilizador não tóxico ao paciente com posterior exposição a uma fonte de luz de comprimento de onda específico, resultando em resposta citotóxica via dano oxidativo. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, in vitro, a citotoxicidade, o tipo de morte induzido e os efeitos genotóxicos e mutagênicos da TFD em monoterapia e associada à cisplatina sobre as linhagens SiHa, C-33 A e HaCaT, utilizando os fotossensibilizadores Photogem e azul de metileno. Observou-se que tanto a terapia fotodinâmica mediada por azul de metileno (AMTFD) quanto a terapia mediada pelo Photogem (PGTFD) foram eficazes em reduzir o número de células viáveis, com a citotoxicidade sendo dependente da dose de luz. A cisplatina teve menor eficácia sobre as três linhagens quando comparada à TFD. Porém, a combinação cisplatina + TFD apresentou efeito sinérgico intenso e provocou maior morte celular em todas as condições testadas. A sequência de aplicação dos tratamentos (cisplatina + TFD ou TFD + cisplatina) demonstrou-se importante e dependente do fotossensibilizador. Com relação ao tipo de morte celular provocado, tanto a AMTFD quanto a PGTFD induziram morte independente de caspases, mas a AMTFD induziu morfologia típica de necrose, enquanto a PGTFD induziu morfologia mais similar à apoptose. A cisplatina induziu predominantemente apoptose e as terapias... / Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that has HPV infection as the main risk factor for its emergence. Current therapies for the treatment of cervical cancer have as major disadvantage substantial excision of cervical stroma and many adverse effects associated with chemotherapy, especially cisplatin. In this scenario, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has proven to be a promising alternative, specially if combined with conventional treatments. The technique is based on the administration of a non-toxic photosensitizing agent to the patient with subsequent exposure to a light source of a specific wavelength, resulting in cytotoxic response by oxidative damage. Thus, the present study intended to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity, the type of induced death and the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of PDT alone and associated with cisplatin on the cell lines SiHa, C-33 A and HaCaT, using the photosensitizers Photogem and methylene blue. It was observed that both the photodynamic therapy mediated by methylene blue (MBPDT) and Photogem mediated therapy (PGPDT) were effective in reducing cell viability with cytotoxicity being dependent on the light dose. Cisplatin was less effective over the three lines compared to PDT. However, the combination cisplatin + PDT had a greater synergistic effect and caused greater cell death in all conditions tested. The sequence of treatment application (PDT + cisplatin or cisplatin + PDT) was important and depended on the photosensitizer. Regarding the type of induced cell death, both AMPDT and PGPDT induced caspase-independent death, but AMPDT induced the typical morphology of necrosis, while PGPDT induced morphology was most similar to apoptosis. Cisplatin predominantly induced apoptosis; and combination therapy induced greater apoptosis- or necrosis-like rate according to the cell line, but always with a higher percentage of dead cells than monotherapies. MBPDT, either as monotherapy or in combination with cisplatin was ... / FAPESP: 12/25414-5
32

Avaliação do efeito protetor do urucum e da bixina sobre a genotoxicidade induzida pelo antitumoral cisplatina em células da linhagem PC12 /

Santos, Graciela Cristina dos. January 2008 (has links)
Resumo: A neuropatia induzida por drogas quimioterápicas é uma complicação no tratamento do câncer e outras doenças por ser freqüentemente dolorosa e requerer a interrupção da terapia. O antitumoral cisplatina é comumente usado contra muitas formas de câncer há aproximadamente 40 anos. Entretanto, sua aplicação é associada a muitos efeitos tóxicos, como neurotoxicidade, nefrotoxicidade, perda da audição e vômitos. Estes efeitos adversos têm levado ao desenvolvimento de agentes específicos para amenizar a toxicidade do fármaco. Alguns estudos sugerem que a administração de antioxidantes é capaz de reduzir os danos e proteger os tecidos. Dessa forma, os carotenóides são mais uma opção a ser avaliada, pois são considerados eficazes agentes antioxidantes. O urucum é uma fonte natural de corantes vermelhos e além da bixina (fração lipossolúvel do extrato), estão presentes nas suas sementes, outros carotenóides, como a norbixina, o bcaroteno, a criptoxantina, a luteína e a zeaxantina. Neste estudo, foi avaliada a genotoxicidade e a antigenotoxicidade do urucum e da bixina sobre a toxicidade induzida pelo antitumoral cisplatina em culturas de células PC12. A citotoxicidade foi determinada pelo método do MTT, a frequência de danos cromossômicos pelo Teste do Micronúcleo e a extensão de danos primários ao DNA pelo Ensaio do Cometa. O urucum e a bixina foram avaliados preliminarmente quanto a sua genotoxicidade. O urucum nas concentrações 0,2, 0,5 e 1,0 mg/mL e a bixina nas concentrações 0,05, 0,08 e 0,10 mg/mL não foram citotóxicos e nem genotóxicos às células PC12. Assim, essas concentrações foram utilizadas nos experimentos para verificar a proteção do urucum e da bixina contra os danos induzidos pela cisplatina. Embora o efeito protetor do urucum e da bixina não tenha sido evidente nos resultados obtidos pelo Ensaio do Cometa, eles se mostraram... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The neuropathy induced by chemotherapeutic drugs is a complication in the treatment of cancer and other diseases, because it is often painful and requires discontinuation of the therapy. Cisplatin has been commonly used against many forms of cancer for approximately 40 years. However, its application is associated with many toxic effects such as neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hearing loss and vomiting. These adverse effects have led to the development of specific agents to lessen the toxicity of the drug. Some studies have suggested that the administration of antioxidants is able to reduce the damage and protect the tissues. Thus, the carotenoids are one more option to be evaluated, because they are considered to be effective antioxidants. Annatto is a natural source of red dyes and pigments and in addition to bixin (liposoluble fraction of the extract), other carotenoids are present in its seeds, such as norbixin, B-carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin. In the present study, the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of annatto and bixin on the cisplatin induced-toxicity in PC12 cell cultures was assessed. Cytotoxicity was determined by the MTT assay, chromosomal damage by the Micronucleus test and the extent of primary damage to the DNA by the Comet assay. Annatto and bixin were first assessed with respect to their genotoxicity. Annatto concentrations of 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml and bixin concentrations of 0.05, 0.08 and 0.10 mg/ml were neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic to the PC12 cells. Thus, these concentrations were used in experiments to verify the protective effect of annatto and bixin against damage induced by cisplatin. Although the protective effect of annatto and bixin was not evident in the results obtained by the Comet assay, effective inhibition of the chromosomal damage (Micronucleus test) induced by cisplatin was shown. Annatto and bixin protected... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Maria de Lourdes Pires Bianchi / Coorientador: Antonio Cardozo dos Santos / Banca: Alessandro de Oliveira Rios / Banca: Daisy Maria Fávero Salvadori / Banca: João Bosco Faria / Banca: Cecilia Rodrigues Silva / Doutor
33

Avaliação do espermograma de cães submetidos à administração de cisplatina

Castro, João Humberto Teotônio de [UNESP] 28 February 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:51:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 castro_jht_me_jabo.pdf: 401295 bytes, checksum: 5932eead976a77a78dee0fb6c3fb9169 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A correta orientação do Médico Veterinário, aos proprietários de cães, usados com finalidades reprodutivas, submetidas à quimioterapia com cisplatina, é importante na medida que este agente citostático age nas células em constante divisão, podendo ser citotóxicos para as células germinativas testiculares. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade espermática através do espermograma de cães que receberam cisplatina em diferentes momentos de análise espermática. A dose utilizada foi de 70 mg/mø, em intervalos de 21 dias, totalizando 4 infusões. Os cães foram divididos em dois grupos de 4 animais cada, sendo que um dos grupos recebeu a quimioterapia e o protocolo de diurese para proteção renal, já o grupo controle não recebeu a cisplatina, estando sujeito apenas aos fatores ambientais. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a cisplatina influenciou na qualidade espermática de cães, pois elevou as patologias maiores e totais acima do aceitável para cães aptos a reprodução. Portanto, infere-se que este citostático possa acarretar alterações morfofuncionais nos túbulos seminíferos e conduto epididimário. / The correct veterinary`s orientation for male dogs` owners used for reproduction goals, undergone cisplatin administration, is important because of this cistostatic act in cell with frequently proliferation, and could to cause germ cell injury. The objections of this experiment was to analysis the sperm quality through dogs` spermogram that received cisplatin`s infusions. The dose used was 70 mg/mø in 21 days periods, with 4 infusion in total. The dogs were divided in 2 groups with 4 animal each one. One of the groups received all the diuresys protocol (to protect the kidney) and the citostatic. And the other control group just didn`t receive the cisplatin infusion to know the real action of cisplatin effects without environmental stresses. The results show that cisplatin influence at the sperm quality in the dogs, because it elevated the major and total defects above that would be acceptable for competent dog to reproduct. It could deduct that cisplatin cause phisiologic alteration in the testis and epididymis.
34

Hemograma e teores séricos de Na, K, Mg, Ca e P de cães hígidos submetidos à administração de cisplatina

Oliva, Carlos Alfredo Calpa [UNESP] 19 June 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-06-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:51:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliva_cac_me_jabo.pdf: 178983 bytes, checksum: f310a85e1eb63818fa51dba6cafeadd8 (MD5) / A cisplatina é um fármaco antineoplásico utilizado como adjuvante no tratamento de diversas neoplasias. Neste estudo foram avaliados o hemograma e os teores de sódio, potássio, magnésio, cálcio e fósforo do soro sanguíneo de cães submetidos à terapia com cisplatina. Foram utilizados oito cães, machos, sem raça definida, com 10 a 15 kg de peso, clinicamente sadios. Os cães foram distribuídos em dois grupos, contendo 4 animais cada, sendo que os animais do grupo 1 receberam cisplatina e aqueles do grupo 2 não receberam cisplatina. Os cães do grupo 1 receberam quimioterapia e protocolo de diurese para proteção renal, já o grupo controle 2 não recebeu a cisplatina, estando sujeito apenas aos fatores ambientais. Os animais do grupo 1 foram submetidos a quatro sessões de quimioterapia com cisplatina na dose de 70mg/mø, administrada por via intravenosa, durante 20 minutos, no intervalo de 21 dias. Antes da administração da cisplatina, realizou-se fluidoterapia com solução fisiológica a 0,9% na dose de 25mL/kg/hora, por via intravenosa, durante duas horas, e depois por mais uma hora. Todos os animais receberam metoclopramida na dose de 2mg/kg, por via intravenosa, 15 minutos antes da administração da cisplatina e furosemida na dose de 2 mg/kg, por via intravenosa, 5 minutos após administração de metoclopramida. As amostras foram processadas e analisadas antes de cada sessão de quimioterapia. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos para as contagens de hemácias, concentração de hemoglobina, hematócrito e contagem de leucócitos, mesmo assim as concentrações séricas de eletrólitos mantiveram-se dentro dos padrões da normalidade. Os resultados obtidos podem ser indicativos de que o protocolo empregado para o grupo 1 se mostrou efetivo para manter as características do hemograma e a concentração sérica dos eletrólitos. / The cisplatin is an antineoplasic drug used like adjunct treatment of various neoplasms. In this study, one evaluated the hemogram and sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus levels in the dogs` blood under administration of cisplatin. One used 8 male dogs, with no definite race, weighing from 10 to 15 kilograms, and clinically healthy. The dogs were divided into two groups of 4 animals each, being group 1 treated with cisplatin and group 2 with no cisplatin. Group 1 received chemotherapy and the diurese protocol for kidney protection, group 2 did not receive cisplatin, being exposed only to the environmental factors. The animals from group 1 were submitted to four chemotherapy sessions with cisplatin 70mg/m2 administered intravenously for 20 minutes, in a 21 days interval before the cisplatin administration, one carried out a fluidotherapy with physiologic solution 0,9% on a dosage of 25mg/kg/hour intravenously during 2 hours, and posteriorly for one more hour. All the animals received methoclopramid intravenously on a dosage of 2mg/kg, 15 minutes before the cisplatin and furosemide administration on a 2mg/kg dosage, 5 minutes before the cisplatin infusion. The evaluation of the hemogram and the electrolytes levels above mentioned were done before each chemotherapy session. The results demonstrate that there were no significant differences among the groups for red blood cells counting, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leucocytes counting, but still, the electrolytes seric concentration maintained itself in a normal standard. The results obtained may indicate that the protocol employed for group 1 showed efficiency to maintain the characteristics of the hemogram and the electrolytes seric concentration.
35

Působení kyseliny valproové a její účinek v kombinaci s cytostatiky na nádorové buňky in- vitro / Effects of valproic acid and its combinations with cytostatic agents on tumor cells in vitro

Hinďoš Hřebačková, Jana January 2014 (has links)
Cancer is one of the most challenging problems the modern medicine is facing today. An increasing incidence and a great variability of tumor cells are the main reasons those drive the research to develop better diagnostics and therapeutic protocols. Histone deacetylase inhibitors, a group of epigenetic chemotherapeutics, are able to improve the performance of currently used anticancer agents. Vaplroic acid that is commonly used as antiepileptic drug exhibits a remarkable anticancer activity by itself as well as it is capable of therapy potentiation based on other therapeutic agents. Its effect to inhibit growth of tumor cells and induce apoptotic cell death seems to be even greater under hypoxic conditions (<1% O2). This study is focused on effect of valproic acid on neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We observed significantly greater efficacy of valproic acid in hypoxia compared to normoxia. The mechanism of induction of apoptotic cell death is based on disruption of the balance between pro- and antiapoptoic proteins. Intrinsic apoptotic pathway is probably initiated by the action of 19 kDa variant of proapoptotic protein Bax on mitochondrial membrane. Moreover, we examined the efficiency of a combined treatment of neuroblastoma cells with valproic acid and...
36

Síntese, determinação estrutural citotóxica in vitro de novos compostos de coordenação de platina contendo como ligantes compostos imidazolidínicos derivados da 2-tioxo-imidazolidin-4-ona e da Imidazolidina-2,4-diona

dos Santos Carvalho, Manuela 31 January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:51:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo1569_1.pdf: 1645034 bytes, checksum: 133b99be1981cae36ade02800e5c6a81 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A cisplatina é um quimioterápico altamente potente comumente usado em muitos tipos de neoplasias humanas, porém devido a muitas limitações, há a necessidade de busca de novos agentes anticâncer menos tóxicos e mais seletivos, sendo assim, uma variedade de complexos de platina (II) com ligantes contendo nitrogênio, tem sido alvo de intensa avaliação biológica. Os complexos contendo derivados hidantoínicos como ligantes, tem sido relatados possuir atividade citotóxica/antitumoral Os compostos das Séries Cx, LPSF/NN, LPSF/MS foram sintetizados e submetidos à avaliação citotóxica utilizando 4 diferentes linhagens de células cancerígenas. Também foi realizada avaliação da atividade hemolítica. Dos compostos avaliados os da série LPSF/MS apresentaram-se mais ativos, os valores de IC50 para o composto LPSF/MS-6 demonstraram atividade citotóxica para todas as linhagens celulares testadas, superando a IC50 do fármaco antitumoral de referência, a doxorrubicina (Dox). Foi observado pelas análises de SAR que os fatores eletrônicos e lipofílicos influenciaram na resposta biológica. A análise da atividade hemolítica sugere que a atividade citotóxica, não é devido a danos diretos sobre a membrana plasmática
37

Avaliação do estresse oxidativo e estado redox mitocondrial na hepatotoxicidade induzida pela cisplatina em ratos \'Wistar\': efeito protetor da dimetiltiouréia / Evaluation of mitochondrial oxidative stress and redox state in the cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats: protective effect of dimethylthiourea

Nádia Maria Martins 21 June 2007 (has links)
A cisplatina ainda é um dos agentes quimioterápicos mais efetivos. No entanto, em elevadas doses pode ocorrer hepatotoxicidade. Alguns antioxidantes têm sido mostrado amenizar a hepatotoxicidade induzida pela cisplatina mas o mecanismo molecular envolvido não está bem esclarecido.No presente estudo nós investigamos moleculares subjacente ao efeito protetor da dimetiltiuouréia (DMTU), um conhecido eqüestrador de radical hidroxil, contra a lesão oxidativamitocondrial hepática induzida pela cisplatina em ratos. Ratos Wistar machos adultos ( 200 a 220g) foram divididos entre 4 grupos de 8 animais cada. O grupo controle foi tratado apenas com uma injeção intraperitoneal (i.p.) de solução salina (1 ml/ 100g de peso). Ao grupo DMTU foi administrado apenas DMTU (500 mg/kg de peso, i.p., seguido de 125 mg/kg, i.p., duas vezes ao dia até o sacrifício). Ao grupo cisplatina foi administrado uma injeção única de cisplatina (10 mg/kg de peso, i.p.). Ao grupo DMTU + cisplatina foi administrado DMTU (500mg/kg de peso, i.p.), pouco antes da injeção da cisplatina (10 mg/kg de peso, i.p.), seguido por injeções de DMTU (125 mg/kg de peso, i.p.) duas vezes ao dia até o sacrifício ( 72 horas após o tratamento). A hepatotoxicidade foi evidenciada no grupo cisplatina pelo aumento dos níveis séricos de alanina (ALT) e aspartato (AST)aminotransferases. O mecanismo de hepatotoxicidade induzido pela cisplatina mostrou-se envolvido na rigidez de membrana; na redução da razão glutationa reduzida em relação a glutationa oxidada (GSH/GSSG); na redução dos níveis de ATP, GSH e NADPH; na lipoperoxidação; na lesão oxidativa da cardiolipina e de proteínas com grupos fidrílicos. Mais ainda, a morte celular por apoptose foi também demonstrada e os achados fortemente sugerem a participação do xi mecanismo sinalizador mitocondrial neste processo; o DMTU não apresentou nenhum efeito direto sobre a mitocôndria e inibiu substancialmente a lesão mitocondrial induzida pela cisplatina, prevenindo a hepatotoxicidade. Todos os seguintes efeitos induzidos pela cisplatina foram previnidos pelo DMTU: (a) elevação dos níveis séricos de AST e ALT; (b) redução dos níveis de ATP hepático;(c)peroxidação lipídica;(d)oxidação da cardiolipina; (e)oxidação de proteínas sulfidrílicas; (f) rigidez da membrana mitocondrial; (g) oxidação de GSH; (h)oxidação de NADPH e (i) morte celular por apoptose. Os resultados mostraram o papel principal da mitocôndria e dos radicais hidroxilas na proteção do fígado saudável contra a lesão hepática induzida pela cisplatina, delineando um número de etapas que podem ser consideradas no desenvolvimento de futuros agentes citoprotetores / Cisplatin is still one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents. However, at higher doses hepatotoxicity may occur. Some antioxidants have been shown to ameliorate cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity but the involved molecular mechanism has not been clarified. In the present study we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a known hydroxyl radical scavenger, against liver mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by cisplatin in rats.Adult male Wistar rats (200 to 220g) were divided into 4 groups of 8 animals each. The control group was treated only with an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of saline solution (1ml/100g body weight). The DMTU group was given only DMTU (500 mg/kg body weight, i.p, followed by 125 mg/Kg, i.p., twice a day until sacrifice). The cisplatin group was given a single injection of cisplatin (10 mg/kg body weight, i.p.). The DMTU+cisplatin group was given DMTU (500 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), just before the cisplatin injection (10 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), followed by injections of DMTU (125 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) twice a day until sacrifice (72 hours after the treatment). epatotoxicity was evidenced in the cisplatin group by the increased serum levels of alanine (ALT) and aspartate (AST) aminotransferases. The mechanism of cisplatininduced hepatotoxicity was found to involve membrane rigidification; decreased GSH/GSSG ratio, ATP, GSH and NADPH levels; lipid peroxidation; oxidative damage of cardiolipin and protein sulfhydryl groups. Moreover, cell death by apoptosis was also demonstrated and the findings strongly suggest the participation of the mitochondrial signaling pathway in this process; DMTU did not present any direct effect on mitochondria and substantially inhibited cisplatin-induced mitochondrial injury, therefore preventing the hepatotoxicity. All the following cisplatin-induced xiv effects were prevented by DMTU: (a) elevation of AST and ALT serum levels; (b) decreased hepatic ATP levels; (c) lipid peroxidation; (d)cardiolipin oxidation; (e) sulfhydryl protein oxidation; (f) mitochondrial membrane rigidification; (g) GSH oxidation; (h) NADPH oxidation and (h) apoptotic cell death. Results show the central role of mitochondria and hydroxyl radicals in the protection of healthy liver against cisplatin-induced injury, highlighting a number of steps that might be considered in the development of novel cytoprotective agents.
38

Testování viability nádorových linií buněk po působení chemických látek a chemoterapeutik / Tumor cell lines viability testing after exposure to chemicals and chemotherapeutics

Horáčková, Lucie January 2018 (has links)
Individual types of viability tests based on colorimetric changes of the solution are desribed in the theoretical part. Furthermore, HSP proteins are characterized, which are not connected only by heat shock, but also during other cell stresses such as exposure to UV, cold, extreme pH or heavy metals. They are important for the cell, because they help to reformulate proteins that have been damaged by cellular stress and also bind to new unpacked proteins and ensure their correct folding. Proteins that are affected by molecular chaperones are collectively called client proteins. Some HSPs also contribute to membrane transport or degradation. These proteins are co-operative with the cochaperones, which are important for heat shock proteins because they help them to pack protein, in particular by catalyzing the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP. Herein is also described cisplatin and its derivatives, including mechanism of action and adverse effects. This work was focused on detection cytotoxicity of cisplatin and its derivatives. Cells were exposed to stress condition induced by cytostatics and huge changes in heat shock proteins and cochaperon levels were observed. There was also observed colocalization of heat shock proteins and their client protein p53 by confocal microscopy in these stressing conditions.
39

Využití elektrochemických technik pro studium apoferritinu

Venusová, Eva January 2019 (has links)
Theme of this diploma thesis is usage of electrochemical techniques for study of apoferritin, which is artificially synthetized protein derived from ferritin. Apoferritin has empty cavity which can be used for completion of broad amount of substances. Encapsulation of anticancer drugs can decrease their unwanted side effects such as strong toxicity and therefore increase it’s effectiveness at the tumor site. Substances chosen in this diploma thesis were standard platinum and platinum drugs cisplatin and it’s analogy oxaliplatin. Measurement was performed by electrochemical method differential pulse voltammetry by which was determined encapsulation capacity of apoferritin for chosen anticancer drugs. For determination size and zeta potential of nanoparticles was used colloid analyzator ZetaSizer Nano.
40

Působení kyseliny valproové a její účinek v kombinaci s cytostatiky na nádorové buňky in- vitro / Effects of valproic acid and its combinations with cytostatic agents on tumor cells in vitro

Hinďoš Hřebačková, Jana January 2014 (has links)
Cancer is one of the most challenging problems the modern medicine is facing today. An increasing incidence and a great variability of tumor cells are the main reasons those drive the research to develop better diagnostics and therapeutic protocols. Histone deacetylase inhibitors, a group of epigenetic chemotherapeutics, are able to improve the performance of currently used anticancer agents. Vaplroic acid that is commonly used as antiepileptic drug exhibits a remarkable anticancer activity by itself as well as it is capable of therapy potentiation based on other therapeutic agents. Its effect to inhibit growth of tumor cells and induce apoptotic cell death seems to be even greater under hypoxic conditions (<1% O2). This study is focused on effect of valproic acid on neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We observed significantly greater efficacy of valproic acid in hypoxia compared to normoxia. The mechanism of induction of apoptotic cell death is based on disruption of the balance between pro- and antiapoptoic proteins. Intrinsic apoptotic pathway is probably initiated by the action of 19 kDa variant of proapoptotic protein Bax on mitochondrial membrane. Moreover, we examined the efficiency of a combined treatment of neuroblastoma cells with valproic acid and...

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