Syftet med studien är att identifiera hinder och möjligheter för kommuner att arbeta med klimatomställning genom att analysera hur medborgare förstår, uppfattar och ställer sig till olika klimatrelaterade risker och åtgärder. Kvalitativa individuella intervjuer, samt fokusgruppsintervjuer med invånare i Lagerlunda, Norrköping har genomförts för att studera vad invånarna prioriterar och värdesätter, samt hur de ser på klimatrisker och klimatomställning i Norrköping och i sitt eget bostadsområde. För att identifiera hinder och möjligheter för en lyckad omställning har materialet analyserats med hjälp av Burch et al (2014) faktorer för en lyckad omställning. Studien visar att det största hindret för omställning ur detta perspektiv är en underskattning av klimatriskernas betydelse hos invånarna. Detta visar sig genom invånarnas låga prioritering av klimatrisker, samt svårigheter att få medborgare att ändra sitt beteende för att minska klimatrelaterade risker. Andra hinder som uppkom var bristande information från kommunen om den planerade utvecklingen i Norrköping, möjliga åtgärder för klimatanpassning och utsläppsminskning, samt en bristande kommunikation mellan kommun och invånare. De möjligheter för en lyckad omställning som framkom av studien var invånarnas positiva inställning till att öka cykelmöjligheterna, att prioritera utvecklingen av grönområden och att minska biltrafiken, samt att det finns en vilja att kunna bidra med åsikter i kommunens planeringsprocess. För att lyckas med en hållbar omställning bör Norrköpings kommun fokusera på att informera invånare kring miljö- och klimatfrågor, bakomliggande tankar kring stadens utveckling och öka medborgardeltagandet i planeringsprocesser. / The purpose of this study is to identify difficulties and opportunities for municipalities to work with climate transition by analyzing how citizens understand, perceive and position their selves towards climate-related risks and measures. Qualitative individual interviews and focus group interviews with residents in Lagerlunda, Norrköping has been conducted to study what residents prioritize and values, and how they view climate risks and climate adaptation in Norrköping and in their own neighborhood. In order to identify difficulties and opportunities for transition Burch et al (2014) factors for a successful transition are applied. The study shows that the biggest difficulty toward climate transition is an underestimation of the importance of climate risks among residents. This is manifested by the residents’ low prioritization of climate risks, and in difficulties to get people to change their behavior to reduce climate-related risks. Other identified difficulties are the lack of information from the municipality about the planned development of the city and possible measures for climate adaptation and mitigation, as well as a lack of communication between the municipality and citizens. The opportunities for a successful transition that emerged from the study was the residents' positive attitudes to increase cycling, to prioritize the development of green areas and to reduce car traffic, and that there is a desire to be able to contribute in the municipal planning process. To succeed in a sustainable transition Norrköping, the municipality should focus on informing people about environment and climate issues, underlying thoughts about the development of the city and increase citizen participation in planning processes.

As social sustainability has lacked recognition and consideration within physical planning since the establishment of the sustainability definition, this thesis seeks to investigate its role within a railway infrastructure’s physical planning process and project management. The study evaluates the specific case of the East Link, section Södertälje-Trosa, because it is a current project that has been ongoing for a long period of time. The thesis further seeks to investigate how the planning actors connected to the case study project have recognised the role of social sustainability and what influences they experience have affected the level of social sustainability within the project. The theory used to evaluate the research questions includes a definition for sustainability and presents which social sustainability aspects have been used for the investigation: distributive justice, the citizen perspective, and power. To be able to evaluate the project management of the East Link Södertälje-Trosa, theory regarding project management and communication is also presented. The case study has been focused on the analysis of publicly available documents for the project, which are also complemented by semi-structured interviews with planning actors of different sectors. The empirical analysis, where the case study results are connected to the theoretical basis, concludes that the East Link Södertälje-Trosa project has lacked both consideration and recognised ambition for social sustainability, even though the Swedish Transport Administration has expressed a future aim for the concept. The reason as to why social sustainability has lacked prioritisation is due to multiple factors; the timing of the project initiation, size of the project and project management, as well as lack of consideration and recognition for social sustainabilityaspects within the citizen perspective and the utilitarian philosophy behind the project. While the Swedish Transport Administration is largely responsible for the ambition of social sustainability within the project, the level of social sustainability is also influenced by the power of the discourse, where it has not gained enough recognition as important for physical planning and because of this, there are no legal requirements for its focus. The future of social sustainability and its recognition is further discussed in relation to the Swedish Transport Administration’s future ambition of social sustainability, the practice of social impact assessments and inclusion of social sustainability sectors within projects. Finally, a proposition is made regarding social-ecological sustainability, where social sustainability can gain equal recognition to ecological, as they are interdependent and of equal importance in physical planning.