State borders are often viewed as something faraway that demarcate a country’s frontier; however, whenever a teacher, nurse, social worker, or frontline city worker requires proof of citizenship to access services, they undertake the work of border guards. In Canada and abroad, Sanctuary City policies range from local governments issuing ID cards, schools clandestinely enrolling undocumented students, and domestic abuse shelters refusing entry to the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) conducting raids on their property. This activism and policymaking exemplify a case where municipal policy propels social change and analysis of how urban spatial politics interact with state borders that impede migrants’ access to outreach services. I apply an International Political Sociological (IPS) methodological framework to critically deconstruct academic and public narratives that emphasize the urban and religious character of Sanctuary Cities. Using IPS, I combine political theory that calls for abolishing state borders, critical cartography, and a political theology to deconstruct the foundational texts and mapping methods of critical -border, -citizenship, and -migration studies that research Sanctuary Cities. I argue that these subfields reproduce a narrative that cities, economic globalization, and religious movements are in-of-themselves antithetical to state borders. I challenge this narrative by conceptualizing a seeing like a zone approach to visualize the border in terms of deportation routes, inter-police networks, and how the Immigration Refugee Board (IRB) enacts self-deportations. Using Geographic Information System (GIS), I create six maps depicting CBSA, IRB, and local policing immigration infrastructure used in Ontario for the deportation, imprisonment, trials, and investigation of migrants. These maps and my seeing like a zone approach demonstrate that current Social Scientific literature overlook how Sanctuary Cities are ultimately compatible with state borders. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Sanctuary City movements involve community activists and stakeholders lobbying municipalities to deliver city services like schooling, local health clinics, or domestic abuse shelters, regardless of a person’s immigration status. Sanctuary helps people evade deportation in their everyday lives. To what extent do Sanctuary Cities challenge state borders? I challenge the conventional way that social scientists look at Sanctuary Cities. First, despite the religious moniker, Sanctuary Cities are a form of human rights activism which relies on state governments to provide migrants rights. Second, scholars assume Sanctuary Cities challenge borders, however, existing mapping methods do not exist to corroborate such claims. I use mapping software to show the different types of state borders that are enforced in Ontario, the home of Toronto’s Sanctuary City. Finally, I argue that Sanctuary and national borders only exist in specific zones (like in schools, clinics, or public transit) as opposed to entire cities or regions.

Made available in DSpace on 2009-05-14T20:52:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CPDOC2008AnaClaudiaCondeixadeAraujo.pdf: 233467 bytes, checksum: bec3ea182d6d02177976f8aa2735773b (MD5) / Submitted by Suemi Higuchi (suemi.higuchi@fgv.br) on 2009-05-14T20:52:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CPDOC2008AnaClaudiaCondeixadeAraujo.pdf: 233467 bytes, checksum: bec3ea182d6d02177976f8aa2735773b (MD5) / The goal of this course conclusion work is to dialogue with the history and memory of the Alvorada and Leopoldo Fróes theaters. When searching for documentation to provide the track of this way, we fisrt went to the Mitra Arquidiocesana de Niterói – owner of the property – that unfortunately does not keep registers of the activities that have been developed there since the donation of the land in 1947, neither cultural events that took place in the last four decades of this existence. It was through memories and satiated documentation of Albino Ferreira dos Santos, founder of the Alvorada Theater, that precedes the Leopoldo Froés Theater, that we started the research concerning the histories and memories that Dom João da Matta building keeps. Not only we research in newspapers; public and privates archives of Niterói city, but we also counted on the important deposition of those who directly or indirectly lived that history. The research result in a 40 minutes documentary – 'Dreams in Scene: histories e memories of the Leopoldo Fróes Theater' –min which we show the different moments of the theatre, the main characters, his dreams and disenchantments; building this way a little of the theater history and its relations with Niterói city and this artist. / O objetivo deste trabalho de conclusão de curso é dialogar com a história e a memória dos teatros Alvorada e Leopoldo Fróes. Ao partir em busca de documentação que fornecesse a trilha deste percurso, procurou-se, inicialmente, a Mitra Arquidiocesana de Niterói, dona do imóvel que, infelizmente, não guarda registros das atividades ali desenvolvidas desde a doação do terreno, em 1947, muito menos dos eventos culturais realizados nas quatro décadas de sua existência. Foi através de Albino Ferreira dos Santos, fundador do teatro Alvorada, que antecede o Leopoldo Fróes, e a partir de suas memórias e farta documentação, que foi iniciada a pesquisa acerca das histórias e das memórias que o Edifício Dom João da Matta guarda. Além da pesquisa em jornais e arquivos públicos e privados da cidade de Niterói, contou-se com o importante depoimento daqueles que direta ou indiretamente viveram essa história. O resultado da pesquisa está em um documentário de 40 minutos - 'Sonhos em Cena: histórias e memórias do Leopoldo Fróes' -, no qual são mostrados os diferentes momentos do teatro, os principais personagens, seus sonhos e desencantos, construindo, assim, um pouco da história do teatro e de suas relações com a cidade de Niterói e seus artistas.