Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-134). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 1998. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Zugl.: Bamberg, Universiẗat, Diss., 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 450-467).

Orientador: Marcos Tadeu del Roio / Banca: Gabriel Conh / Banca: Jorge Grespan / Banca: Antonio Carlos Mazzeo / Banca: Ricardo Luiz Coltro Antunes / Resumo: Objetiva-se demonstrar neste trabalho que existe um processo de inflexão na obra de Habermas, que se inicia com seu Student und Politik de 1961 e completa-se, inescapavelmente, com sua obra Theorie des Kommunikativen de 1981. Neste processo de inflexão, poder-se-ia observar a demarcação definitiva da ruptura de Habermas com os fundamentos da teoria crítica da sociedade, presentes nos pensadores da primeira geração da Escola de Frankfurt; e, a adesão aos princípios e fundamentos do liberalismo, como forma de delinear e demarcar o processo de construção de uma teoria social, bem como de uma teoria da evolução social, particular e autônoma, posta nos marcos do elogio da sociedade capitalista. Tratar-se-ia da afirmação de um tipo particular de neocontratualismo com vista a salvação de um projeto de modernidade e de racionalidade completamente esgotados na e pela sociabilidade burguesa e que, portanto, só poderia se consubstanciar sob a forma e nos marcos da regressão cultural. Neste processo de inflexão, uma categoria advinda dos teóricos da primeira geração da Escola de Frankfurt tornara-se central na teoria social de Habermas, na medida em que a concepção de capitalismo de Estado adquirira centralidade nos seus mais diversos e contraditórios diagnósticos do tempo presente, de tal forma que se consubstanciaria sob a forma da concepção de capitalismo tardio e mediaria a passagem da centralidade da categoria trabalho, mesmo que inscrita na esfera lógica e gnosiológica-epistêmica, para a centralidade da categoria da política. Tal mudança radical de paradigma passou a influenciar progressivamente a nova teoria crítica, inaugurada com a segunda geração de Habermas, que pouco ou nada se identificara aos teóricos da primeira geração da Escola de Frankfurt. Assim sendo, o diagnóstico do tempo presente, exposto neste trabalho, fora o de que os trinta anos que separa Student und Politik de Theorie des Kommunikativen... / Abstract: Objective is to demonstrate in this paper that there is a process of inflection in the work of Habermas, who is full-starts with your Student und Politik, 1961 and, inescapably, with his Theorie des Kommunikativen work of 1981 this process of inflection, power-would observe the final demarcation of the break with the foundations of Habermas critical theory of society, thinkers present in the first generation of the Frankfurt School; and adherence to the principles and foundations of liberalism as a way to delineate and demarcate the process of building a social theory and a theory of social evolution, private and autonomous, put milestones in praise of capitalist society. Would treat the claim of a particular type of neo-contractualism overlooking the salvation of a project of modernity and rationality completely exhausted and by the bourgeois sociability and, therefore, could only substantiate the form and within the framework of cultural regression . In this process of inflection, a category arising from the first generation of theorists of the Frankfurt School had become central in social theory of Habermas, in that the design of state capitalism acquired centrality in its various and contradictory diagnoses of this time, such that if consubstanciaria as designing and late capitalism mediates the passage of the centrality of work category, even inscribed in the sphere logical and epistemological-epistemic, to the centrality of the category of politics. Such a radical paradigm shift began to progressively influence the new critical theory, inaugurated with the second generation of Habermas, that little or nothing had identified the first generation theorists of the Frankfurt School. Therefore, the diagnosis of this time, exposed in this work, out of the thirty years separates Student und Politik of Theorie des Kommunikativen, served primarily to hatch the egg of a serpent that would eventually support a discourse ethics, as well as... / Doutor

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is concerned with the possibility and characterisation of poststructural ethics and the ethics of general theories. It contains a review of selected readings on Modernity and provides a "snapshot" of an ethical system that is essentially rule based and privileges rationality. Some of the problems with such a system, such as inflexibility, tolerance based on superiority and force and the privileging of male gender is explored. It proceeds by perusing some literature on postmodernity as an open ethical system in which values are free floating and lists of rules are constantly produced and disregarded in a dizzying ethical free for all in which "anything goes". No value is considered more worthwhile than personal survival. As a starting point for reading Modernity and postmodernity together, Levinas introduces a radical perspective on ethics that can be read as a condemnation of postmodern morality. He relates an ethics in which the survival of the "other" is more important than the survival of the self. However, he does not ground the metaphysics of such a privilege in rationality or knowledge and hence does not turn it into an ethical rule, but rather, subtly shifts the responsibility for the other person to an ultimate responsibility for the Other as God. This radical responsibility is rejected by deconstruction which does not reject either postmodernity or Modernity but is an attempt to think through the limits of rule-orientated rationality, free-play and mystical metaphysics to produce an ethical awareness that has a sensitivity for the complexity of context. Through the notion of "writing", the peculiarities it displays and the objections it attracts, Derrida seeks to establish a uniquely ethical writing that is both a stable manifestation of ethics and a dynamic engagement with those subject to it. With these readings in the background the thesis attempts to provide a framework for poststructural ethics. It is an ethics based in the notion of friendship but does not ground itself in any guarantees. It re-evaluates rationality in terms of a sublime struggle for meaning and truth. This sublime struggle offers a unique perspective on political debates that strive towards responsible development for multicultural societies and also on a sociological approach to law and the ability to dispense justice without undue prejudice. The main contention of the thesis is that although poststructuralism does not suppose a grounding metaphysics in either rationality or responsibility towards God it cannot be satisfied with the self-indulgent nihilism of an "anything goes" postmodernism. Thus, it depends on the notion of a "complex system" that "self-organises" and produces limits through spontaneous connections. Through the working of deconstruction complex systems can take on a more human manifestation as friendships flourish and decay through the interaction of faces. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is gemoeid met die moontlikheid en karakterisering van poststrukturele etiek en die etiek van algemene teorië. Dit bevat In geselekteerde oorsig van Moderniteit en verskaf In "kiekie" van In etiese sisteem wat essentieël op reëls gebasseer is en rationaliteit privilegieer. Sommige probleme met so In sisteem, soos byvoorbeeld onbuigsaamheid, verdraagsaamheid gegrond in superioriteit, geweld en die privilegieering van manlikheid, word ondersoek. Die studie sit voort deur sommige literatuur oor postmoderniteit as In oop etiese sisteem onder oë te neem. So In sisteem veronderstel vryvloeiende waardes en lyste van reëls wat gedurig geproduseer en geabandoneer word in In duisligwekkende etiese vryspel wat beskryf kan word as "anything goes". Geen waarde word hoër geag as persoonlike oorlewing nie. As die beginpunt van In lesing wat Moderniteit en postmoderniteit met mekaar in verband bring verskaf Levinas In radikale perspektief op etiek wat verdoemend staan teenoor die moraliteit van postmoderniteit. Hy beskryf In etiek waarin die oorlewing van die "ander" meer belangrik geag word as die oorlewing van die self. Hy grond egter nie die metafisieka van so In voorreg in rationaliteit of kennis nie, en lê dit dus nie neer as In etiese reël nie, maar verskuif eerder op subtitle wyse verantwoordelikheid vir die ander persoon na In uiteindelike verantwoordelikheid vir die Ander as God. Laasgenoemde radikale verantwoordelikheid word deur dekonstruksie verwerp in In poging om postmoderniteit en Moderniteit saam te snoer en die limiete van reël-georiënteerde rationaliteit, vry-spel en mistiese metafisieka deur te dink. Hierdeur word 'n etiese gewaarwording geproduseer wat sensitiviteit vir die kompleksiteite van konteks vertoon. Deur die nosie van "skryf', die eienaardighede en teenkanting daaraan verbonde, is Derrida op soek na die neerlegging van In unike etiese skryf wat beide In stabille manifestasie van etiek is en 'n dinamiese betrokkenheid by die wat daaraan onderhewig staan. Met hierdie leeswerk in die agtergrond poog die tesis om 'n raamwerk vir poststrukturele etiek daar te stel. Dit is In etiek wat as basis die nosie van vriendskap aanvaar sonder om enige waarborge uit te deel. Rationaliteit word gere-evalueer in terme van In sublime stryd vir betekenis en waarheid. Hierdie sublime stryd bring 'n unieke perspektief na politieke debatte wat volhoubare ontwikkeling in multikulturele samelewings ten doel het en vir In sosiologiese benadering tot die reg en regsvaardigheid. Alhoewel poststrukturele etiek nie In metanarratief veronderstel, soos die etiek van Moderniteit, nie kan dit egter ook nie tevrede wees met die destabiliserende nihilisme van 'n "anything goes" postmodernisme nie. Poststrukturele etiek steun dus swaar op die idee van 'n "komplekse sisteem" wat self-organiseer en llrniette stel deur middel van spontane konneksievorming. Deur die werking van dekonstruksie kan so In komplekse sisteem ook in meer menslike terme verwoord word as vriendskappe wat groei en vergaan in die interaksie tussen "gesigte".

The thesis questions the ways in which architecture might embody the notion of modernity in different cultures and regions yet achieve appropriateness relative to place. In the early twentieth century in the industrialized world, the issue of modernity in architecture was identified with the notions of abstraction and rationalization that colored the development of the modern movement. The second generation of the modern movement queried the roles of human experiences and urban and architectural contexts in architectural design. With the spread of the modern movement to the rest of the world, the issue of context in architecture grew stronger. Following this line of thought, this dissertation examines the tension between modernist abstractionism and urban and architectural contexts in place in which the presence and the role of local knowledge and traditions in architecture remained influential. It investigates modernity in architecture through a specific Asian reading and through an analysis of the work of Geoffrey Bawa of Sri Lanka. Selected works of Geoffrey Bawa are chosen because the significance of his oeuvre is often contested by interpreters who see it as reflecting various contemporary approaches, including regionalism and vernacularism. Thus, in an effort to refute such simplistic explanations of his work, this thesis examines selected works of Bawa, analyzing their spatial organization, formal arrangement, materials, techniques, and building details. In particular, it attempts to highlight the ways in which Bawa articulated the notions of experience and memory in his architecture. These analyses are then placed within the framework of the social and cultural situations that his architecture confronted in Sri Lanka. It is within this framework that we might determine the ways in which modernity and locality were embodied in Bawa's work. Interpretations of his work take into account the understanding of modernity as a cultural practice and an attitude. Modernity as an attitude relates to a specific modernist subject who is able to use reason for judgment in addressing context. In this dissertation, a reading on the work of Walter Benjamin on modernity, the pasts, and traditions frames this understanding of this modernist subjectivity. In architecture, modernity as an attitude means that is not a style but a way of thinking and formulating design intent. This inquiry is then used as a framework within which this dissertation will interpret the relationship between modernity and local identity. The conclusions of the dissertation contribute to an understanding of the achievement of modernity in architecture in tight relationship to context. On a more focused level, it also hopes to contribute to an appreciation of the extant works of Geoffrey Bawa, which the author of this dissertation deems exemplary of what modern architecture might achieve in Asia.

This study is centered on the social question as addressed and defined by Ernst Troeltsch (1865--1923) and by Max Weber (1864--1920); it pertains mainly to the rise of religious modernity and its conditions of possibility; based on a comparative analysis of the socio1ogy of religion of Troeltsch and Weber, it deals with the question how religious modernity has to be thought from a sociological perspective. / Along with modern historical science and scientific rationality in general, the social question challenged religion in the nineteenth century; this study brings out the originality of Troeltsch's vision of a modernity compatible with belief in the future of religion. / Motivated by the debate on the social question, Troeltsch's concern was the social foundations of the Christian doctrine in its relation to secular domains of activity, and this calls for a new outlook on the issue of the relation between religion and culture. / Eventually, the comparative approach of the sociological thought of Weber and Troeltsch pursued in the present work, while providing new insight into Weber's views on religion, brings about a better understanding of Troeltsch as a theologian and a philosopher of religion.

Thèse (Ph.D.Th.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. / Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) en théologie, Études pastorales. Université de Montréal (en extension à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi). CaQCU CaQCU Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU