In this thesis, suggestion of appropriate excavation and support systems and selection of rock mass strength parameters for the determination of these systems were carried out for the &Ccedil / ubukbeli Tunnel in Antalya. &Ccedil / ubukbeli Tunnel is a twin tube flute shaped tunnel with 1985 m length, 12 m width, 10 m height and maximum overburden thickness of 130 m. The tunnel area consists of limestone, clayey limestone, claystone, marl and siltsone. Rock mass classification systems are used for evaluation of rock mass characteristics and estimation of strength parameters. Selection of appropriate numerical method and software tool, namely Phase2, is accomplished after an extensive literature survey. The rock mass was divided into sections according to the RMR, Q, NATM and GSI classification systems along the tunnel and excavation and support systems were determined empirically along these sections. Thereafter, geomechanical parameters (i.e. modulus of deformation Em, Hoek-Brown material constants m and s etc.) were selected based on these classification systems. Finite element analysis was carried out as the final step of the design in order to investigate deformations and stress concentrations around the tunnel, analyze interaction of support systems with excavated rock masses and verify and check the validity of empirically determined excavation and support systems. As the result of design studies accomplished along tunnel route, B1, B2, B3 and C2 type rock classes are assumed to be faced during construction of &Ccedil / ubukbeli Tunnel and appropriate excavation and support systems are proposed for these rock classes.

In der österreichischen Bibliothekenlandschaft waren bis vor einiger Zeit Klassifikationen kaum ein Thema, wenn doch dann für die Freihandaufstellung, wobei auch hier die sog. Haussystematiken bei weitem in der Überzahl waren und es auch weiterhin sind. Erst in den letzten Jahren ist, verbunden mit dem Thema der Suchmaschinentechnologie, auch das Thema Klassifikationen wieder etwas in den Vordergrund gerückt, wobei in Österreich bisher vor allem die Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK) und die Basisklassifikation (BK) angewendet werden, und auch das Interesse an der DDC wächst. Aber auch das Thema Aufstellung stellt sich für viele Bibliotheken in diesem Kontext erneut in dem Sinn, dass – im Zuge von Baumaßnahmen, aber teilweise auch aus grundsätzlichen Erwägungen – auch größere Bibliotheken ein Abgehen von vorhandenen Haussystematiken in Erwägung ziehen.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ValnaideGB.pdf: 1369975 bytes, checksum: 404710d72240200cbd30a9116933d340 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Nowadays, classifying proteins in structural classes, which concerns the inference of patterns in their 3D conformation, is one of the most important open problems in Molecular Biology. The main reason for this is that the function of a protein is intrinsically related to its spatial conformation. However, such conformations are very difficult to be obtained experimentally in laboratory. Thus, this problem has drawn the attention of many researchers in Bioinformatics. Considering the great difference between the number of protein sequences already known and the number of three-dimensional structures determined experimentally, the demand of automated techniques for structural classification of proteins is very high. In this context, computational tools, especially Machine Learning (ML) techniques, have become essential to deal with this problem. In this work, ML techniques are used in the recognition of protein structural classes: Decision Trees, k-Nearest Neighbor, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine and Neural Networks. These methods have been chosen because they represent different paradigms of learning and have been widely used in the Bioinfornmatics literature. Aiming to obtain an improvment in the performance of these techniques (individual classifiers), homogeneous (Bagging and Boosting) and heterogeneous (Voting, Stacking and StackingC) multiclassification systems are used. Moreover, since the protein database used in this work presents the problem of imbalanced classes, artificial techniques for class balance (Undersampling Random, Tomek Links, CNN, NCL and OSS) are used to minimize such a problem. In order to evaluate the ML methods, a cross-validation procedure is applied, where the accuracy of the classifiers is measured using the mean of classification error rate, on independent test sets. These means are compared, two by two, by the hypothesis test aiming to evaluate if there is, statistically, a significant difference between them. With respect to the results obtained with the individual classifiers, Support Vector Machine presented the best accuracy. In terms of the multi-classification systems (homogeneous and heterogeneous), they showed, in general, a superior or similar performance when compared to the one achieved by the individual classifiers used - especially Boosting with Decision Tree and the StackingC with Linear Regression as meta classifier. The Voting method, despite of its simplicity, has shown to be adequate for solving the problem presented in this work. The techniques for class balance, on the other hand, have not produced a significant improvement in the global classification error. Nevertheless, the use of such techniques did improve the classification error for the minority class. In this context, the NCL technique has shown to be more appropriated / Atualmente, a classifica??o estrutural de prote?nas, que diz respeito ? infer?ncia de padr?es em sua conforma??o 3D, ? um dos principais problemas em aberto da Biologia Molecular. Esse problema vem recebendo a aten??o de muitos pesquisadores na ?rea de Bioinform?tica pelo fato de as fun??es das prote?nas estarem intrinsecamente relacionadas ?s suas diferentes conforma??es espaciais, que s?o de dif?cil obten??o experimental em laborat?rio. Considerando a grande diferen?a entre o n?mero de seq??ncias de prote?nas conhecidas e o n?mero de estruturas tridimensionais determinadas experimentalmente, ? alta a demanda por t?cnicas automatizadas de classifica??o estrutural de prote?nas. Nesse contexto, as ferramentas computacionais, principalmente as t?cnicas de Aprendizado de M?quina (AM), tornaram-se alternativas essenciais para tratar esse problema. Neste trabalho, t?cnicas de AM s?o empregadas no reconhecimento de classes estruturais de prote?nas: ?rvore de Decis?o, k-Vizinhos Mais Pr?ximos, Na?ve Bayes, M?quinas de Vetores Suporte e Redes Neurais Artificiais. Esses m?todos foram escolhidos por representarem diferentes paradigmas de aprendizado e serem bastante citados na literatura. Visando conseguir uma melhoria de desempenho na solu??o do problema abordado, sistemas de multiclassifica??o homog?nea (Bagging e Boosting) e heterog?nea (Voting, Stacking e StackingC) s?o aplicados nesta pesquisa, usando como base as t?cnicas de AM anteriormente mencionadas. Al?m disso, pelo fato de a base de dados de prote?nas considerada neste trabalho apresentar o problema de classes desbalanceadas, t?cnicas artificiais de balanceamento de classes (Under-sampling Aleat?rio, Tomek Links, CNN, NCL e OSS) s?o utilizadas a fim de minimizar esse problema e melhorar o desempenho dos classificadores. Para a avalia??o dos m?todos de AM, um procedimento de valida??o cruzada ? empregado, em que a acur?cia dos classificadores ? medida atrav?s das m?dias da taxa de classifica??o incorreta nos conjuntos de testes independentes. Essas m?dias s?o comparadas duas a duas pelo teste de hip?tese a fim de avaliar se h? diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre elas. Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se observar, entre os classificadores base, o desempenho superior do m?todo M?quinas de Vetores Suporte. Os sistemas de multiclassifica??o (homog?nea e heterog?nea), por sua vez, apresentaram, em geral, uma acur?cia superior ou similar a dos classificadores usados como base, destacando-se o Boosting que usou ?rvore de Decis?o em sua forma??o e o StackingC tendo como meta classificador a Regress?o Linear. O m?todo Voting, apesar de sua simplicidade, tamb?m mostrou-se adequado para a solu??o do problema considerado nesta disserta??o. Em rela??o ?s t?cnicas de balanceamento de classes, n?o foram alcan?ados melhores resultados de classifica??o global com as bases de dados obtidas com a aplica??o de tais t?cnicas. No entanto, foi poss?vel uma melhor classifica??o espec?fica da classe minorit?ria, de dif?cil aprendizado. A t?cnica NCL foi a que se mostrou mais apropriada ao balanceamento de classes da base de dados de prote?nas

Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de um Projeto de P&D do setor elétrico brasileiro. Há duas abordagens, uma relacionada ao desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico sobre o conhecimento acerca das erosões marginais e outra relativa à transformação deste desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico em discussões sobre a melhoria da gestão desta problemática pelo setor elétrico e pela sociedade brasileira. Quanto ao desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico acerca das erosões marginais, realizou-se uma série de procedimentos cujos resultados principais foram (i) a discussão de um novo modelo conceitual sobre a velocidade de desenvolvimento das erosões ao longo da vida dos reservatórios, (ii) a revisão bibliográfica acerca das condicionantes envolvidas na gênese e no desenvolvimento dos processos erosivos e (iii) a geração de um conjunto de dados e informações sobre as erosões monitorados que possibilitaram novas discussões sobre as condicionantes citadas no item anterior. As análises sobre a gênese das erosões foi conduzida a partir da comparação entre as margens dos reservatórios com instabilidade morfodinâmica e aquelas que apresentam estabilidade morfodinâmica; enquanto a análise sobre o desnvolvimento das erosões foi realizada a partir da comparação de dados e informações acerca de processos erosivos já instaurados, monitorados ao londo de determinado período de tempo. Por fim, a relação entre este desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico e a gestão desta problemática pelo setor elétrico brasileiro foi abordada por meio da (i) proposição de um método de classificação da tipologia das erosões marginais; (ii) proposição de um sistema de classificação dos níveis de criticidade das erosões; e (iii) das análises e discussões sobre questões relacionadas às erosões marginais, visando propor medidas e ações para mitigação deste impacto desde a implantação até a operação dos empreendimentos hidrelétricos. / This research was developed along with aP&D project of the brazilian eletric sector. It approaches two perspectives This research approach two perspectives, one related to the theoretical and methodological development of the knowledge of bank erosions and another one on development in discussion about improving the management of this problem by the electric sector and Brazilian society. In relation to the theoretical and methodological development of marginal erosions, I conducted a series of procedures whose main results were (i) a discussion of a new conceptual model on the speed of development of erosions over the life of the reservoirs, (ii) literature review about the constraints involved in the genesis and development of erosion processes and (iii) the generation of a set of data and information about the monitored erosions which enabled further discussion on the constraints mentioned in the previous item. The analysis of the genesis of the erosions was conducted based on the comparison between the margins of reservoirs with morphodynamic instability and those which have morphodynamic stability; while for the analysis of the development of erosions was done by comparing data and information about erosion processes already in place, tracked by a certain period of time. Finally, the relationship between this theoretical and methodological development and the management of this problem by the Brazilian electric sector is given by (i) proposing a method of classification of the type of marginal erosions; (ii) proposing a classification system for levels of criticality of erosions; and (iii) analyzing and discussing issues related to marginal erosions, aiming to propose measures and actions to mitigate this impact since implementation to operation of hydroelectric projects.

In der österreichischen Bibliothekenlandschaft waren bis vor einiger Zeit Klassifikationen kaum ein Thema, wenn doch dann für die Freihandaufstellung, wobei auch hier die sog. Haussystematiken bei weitem in der Überzahl waren und es auch weiterhin sind. Erst in den letzten Jahren ist, verbunden mit dem Thema der Suchmaschinentechnologie, auch das Thema Klassifikationen wieder etwas in den Vordergrund gerückt, wobei in Österreich bisher vor allem die Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK) und die Basisklassifikation (BK) angewendet werden, und auch das Interesse an der DDC wächst. Aber auch das Thema Aufstellung stellt sich für viele Bibliotheken in diesem Kontext erneut in dem Sinn, dass – im Zuge von Baumaßnahmen, aber teilweise auch aus grundsätzlichen Erwägungen – auch größere Bibliotheken ein Abgehen von vorhandenen Haussystematiken in Erwägung ziehen.

The objective of the dissertation thesis has been the information-lexical analysis of Czech medical reports and the usability of international classification systems in the Czech healthcare environment. The analysis of medical reports has been based on the attributes of the Minimal Data Model for Cardiology (MDMC). Narrative medical reports and structured medical reports from the ADAMEK software application have been used. For the thesis SNOMED CT and ICD-10 classification systems have been used. There has been compared how well attributes of MDMC are recorded in narrative and structured medical reports. The language analysis of the Czech narrative medical reports has been made. A new application for measuring diversity in medical reports written in any language is proposed. The application is based on the general concepts of diversities derived from f-diversity, relative f- diversity, self f-diversity and marginal f-diversity. The thesis has come to the conclusion that using a free text in medical reports is not consistent and not standardized. The standardized terminology would bring benefits to physicians, patients, administrators, software developers and payers and it would help healthcare providers as it could provide complete and easily accessible information that belongs to the process of...

The objective of the dissertation thesis has been the information-lexical analysis of Czech medical reports and the usability of international classification systems in the Czech healthcare environment. The analysis of medical reports has been based on the attributes of the Minimal Data Model for Cardiology (MDMC). Narrative medical reports and structured medical reports from the ADAMEK software application have been used. For the thesis SNOMED CT and ICD-10 classification systems have been used. There has been compared how well attributes of MDMC are recorded in narrative and structured medical reports. The language analysis of the Czech narrative medical reports has been made. A new application for measuring diversity in medical reports written in any language is proposed. The application is based on the general concepts of diversities derived from f-diversity, relative f- diversity, self f-diversity and marginal f-diversity. The thesis has come to the conclusion that using a free text in medical reports is not consistent and not standardized. The standardized terminology would bring benefits to physicians, patients, administrators, software developers and payers and it would help healthcare providers as it could provide complete and easily accessible information that belongs to the process of...

Darbo tikslas – įvertinti terapinio profilio slaugytojų darbo laiko sąnaudų ryšį su pacientų savarankiškumu. Uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti terapinio profilio slaugytojų darbo laiko sąnaudas pagal priežiūros kategorijas ir slaugytojo veiklų grupes. 2. Nustatyti terapinio profilio pacientų savarankiškumo lygmenį. 3. Išanalizuoti terapinio profilio slaugytojų darbo laiko sąnaudas, atsižvelgiant į pacientų savarankiškumo lygmenį. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas atliktas VšĮ Vilkaviškio ligoninės trijuose terapinio profilio skyriuose (vidaus ligų, neurologijos, slaugos ir palaikomojo gydymo). Tyrimo trukmė - 3,5 mėn. Naudotas tiesioginis laiko ir slaugytojo veiksmų stebėjimo metodas (angl. time-and-motion studies). Iš viso atlikta 72 stebėjimai, kurie sudarė 777,2 val. slaugytojų darbo laiko sąnaudų. Pacientų savarankiškumas vertintas anketa. Rezultatai: Terapinio profilio slaugytojų didžiausios darbo laiko sąnaudos dienos (46,6 proc.) ir nakties (28,3 proc.) pamainoje skirtos tiesioginei pacientų priežiūrai. Mažiausia dalis slaugytojų darbo laiko praleista netiesioginei pacientų priežiūrai. Terapinio profilio skyriuose didžioji dalis pacientų (40,1 proc.) buvo savarankiški, 22,3 priklausomi ir 16 proc. - visiškai priklausomi. Slaugytojai per dvi darbo pamainas (dienos ir nakties), pusę savo darbo laiko skyrė visiškai priklausomiems pacientams slaugyti ir prižiūrėti, ketvirtadalį laiko - priklausomiems pacientams ir mažiausiai, t.y. 14 proc. - savarankiškiems pacientams. Išvados: 1... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Purpose – to evaluate the relationship between time spent caring a patient by nurses on a medical unit and the patients‘ levels of independence. Objectives: 1. Analyze time spent caring for a patient by nurses on a medical unit according to care categories and nurses activity groups. 2. Determine patients‘ independence levels on a medical unit. 3. Analyze time spent caring for patients according to independence levels by nurses on a medical unit. Methods. The study was completed at Vilkaviškis Hospital, in three medical units (internal medicine, neurology and nursing and hospice care) The length of the study was 3.5 months. Data was gathered through time and motion observation. Seventy-two observations yielded 777.2 hours of observed nursing time. Patient independence was evaluated using a questionnaire. Results: On medical units, the majority of nursing time during the day (46,6%) and night (28,3%) shifts is dedicated to direct patient care. The least amount of nursing time is spent in indirect patient care. On the medical units, a large number of patients (40,1%) were independent, 22,3% needed partial care and 16%. required total care. Nurses during two shifts (day and night) spent half their time providing total care to patients, a quarter of their time providing partial care and the least amount of time, i.e., 14%, providing care to independent patients. Conclusions: 1. Almost half of the nursing shift is spent in direct patient care; much time was spent administering... [to full text]

Submitted by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-08T20:30:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVRL.pdf: 2179441 bytes, checksum: 3c4089c4b24a3d98521f8561c6f2c515 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-08T20:30:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVRL.pdf: 2179441 bytes, checksum: 3c4089c4b24a3d98521f8561c6f2c515 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-08T20:30:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVRL.pdf: 2179441 bytes, checksum: 3c4089c4b24a3d98521f8561c6f2c515 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-08T20:31:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVRL.pdf: 2179441 bytes, checksum: 3c4089c4b24a3d98521f8561c6f2c515 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Inductive Decision Trees (DT) are mechanisms based on the symbolic paradigm of machine learning which main characteristics are easy interpretability and low computational cost. Though they are widely used, the DTs can represent problems with just discrete or continuous variables. However, for some problems, the variables are not well represented in this way. In order to improve DTs, the Fuzzy Decision Trees (FDT) were developed, adding the ability to deal with fuzzy variables to the Inductive Decision Trees, making them capable to deal with imprecise knowledge. In this text, it is presented a new algorithm for fuzzy decision trees induction. Its fuzification method is applied during the induction and it is inspired by the C4.5’s partitioning method for continuous attributes. The proposed algorithm was tested with 20 datasets from UCI repository (LICHMAN, 2013). It was compared with other three algorithms that implement different solutions to classification problem: C4.5, which induces an Inductive Decision Tree, FURIA, that induces a Rule-based Fuzzy System and FuzzyDT, which induces a Fuzzy Decision Tree where the fuzification is done before tree’s induction is performed. The results are presented in Chapter 4. / As Árvores de Decisão Indutivas (AD) são um mecanismo baseado no paradigma simbólico do Aprendizado de Máquina que tem como principais características a fácil interpretabilidade e baixo custo computacional. Ainda que sejam amplamente utilizadas, as ADs são limitadas à representação de problemas cujas variáveis são do tipo discreto ou contínuo. No entanto, para alguns tipos de problemas, pode haver variáveis que não são bem representadas por estes formatos. Diante deste contexto, foram criadas as Árvores de Decisão Fuzzy (ADF), que adicionam à interpretabilidade das Árvores de Decisão Indutivas, a capacidade de lidar com variáveis fuzzy, as quais representam adequadamente conhecimentos imprecisos. Neste texto, apresentamos o trabalho desenvolvido durante o mestrado, que tem como principal resultado um novo algoritmo para indução de Árvores de Decisão Fuzzy, cujo método de fuzificação dos atributos contínuos é realizado durante a indução da árvore e foi inspirado no método de particionamento de atributos contínuos adotado pelo C4.5. Para validação do algoritmo, foram realizados testes com 20 conjuntos de dados do repositório UCI (LICHMAN, 2013) e o algoritmo foi comparado com outros três algoritmos que abordam o problema de classificação por meio de técnicas diferentes: o C4.5 que induz uma Árvore de Decisão Indutiva, o FURIA, que induz um Sistema Fuzzy Baseado em Regras, porém não segue a estrutura de árvore e o FuzzyDT que induz uma Árvore de Decisão fuzzy realizando a fuzificação dos atributos contínuos antes da indução da árvore. Os resultados dos experimentos realizados são apresentados e discutidos no Capítulo 4 deste texto.

The thesis deals with the application of NIC, NOC classifications in patients with stoma. Every nurse uses a classification system of health care which describes activities or interventions done by nurses as a part of planning phase of nursing process in connection with creation of nursing care plan. These classifications also focus on developement of nursing care objectives and evaluating of the effect of nursing care results. Due to these classifications, the nursing care results are mesurable. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we focus on classification systems of nursing care, then on GIT diseases which lead to insertion of stoma, its care, care of patients with stoma and last but not least, on nursing documentation. Several objectives were set to meet the main target of the thesis. Firstly, to map nurses' opinion on nursing classifications; secondly, to find out which NOC indicators are usually judged by nurses in the care of patients with stoma; thirdly, to find out which activities are usually used by nurses in the care of patients with stoma; fourthly, to check up on application of NIC, NOC classification in the care of patients with stoma. The qualitative reserch was hold in two phases. In the first phase of the qualitative research, a nursing documentation was created on the basis of NIC and NOC classification related to care of the patients with stoma. In the second phase of the qualitative research, we interviewed ten nurses who had worked with the particular nursing documentation.