Tese (doutorado)—Universite de Paris I Pantheon - Sorbonne, Paris, 1985. / Submitted by Jaqueline Ferreira de Souza (jaquefs.braz@gmail.com) on 2015-01-30T10:16:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1985_PauloCesareCoelhoAbrantes.pdf: 10965956 bytes, checksum: d1cfeb536df0e745814a7014418bc25f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Ferreira de Souza(jaquefs.braz@gmail.com) on 2015-01-30T10:18:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 1985_PauloCesareCoelhoAbrantes.pdf: 10965956 bytes, checksum: d1cfeb536df0e745814a7014418bc25f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-30T10:18:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1985_PauloCesareCoelhoAbrantes.pdf: 10965956 bytes, checksum: d1cfeb536df0e745814a7014418bc25f (MD5) / Uma das características de uma ciência que atinge um certo grau de desenvolvimento é a instauração de um consenso em torno dos objetos de estudo, das metodologias empregadas e dos critérios de avaliação dos produtos da investigação. Autores como Kuhn consideram o consenso em torno de um único arcabouço- ao mesmo tempo teórico, metodológico, e axiológico, o que chamou de "paradigma"-, como o próprio fundamento da atividade científica "normal" e a condição para o crescimento do conhecimento científico. De acordo com esse modelo que propôs para a história das ciências, o paradigma está na origem de uma tradição de pesquisas que adquire, paulatinamente, uma certa inércia, caracterizada por uma resistência dos cientistas de uma particular comunidade em aceitarem mudanças no paradigma. Algo neste sentido é ilustrado pela recepção tardia que teve, na França, as teorias do físico James Clerk Maxwell, na área de eletricidade e magnetismo. Preliminarmente, este trabalho expõe como essas teorias foram construídas e sobre quais pressupostos se apoiavam. Num segundo momento, é feito um estudo da transmissão de ciência entre as comunidades inglesa e francesa que participavam, no séc. XIX, de diferentes tradições de pesquisa em eletrodinâmica. Argumenta-se que essas comunidades admitiam, além disso, diferentes concepções a respeito da natureza das entidades e dos processos que investigavam, e também sobre como se deve proceder na tentativa de descrevê-los e de explicá-los. Pierre Duhem é um dos pensadores que, à época, explicitaram esses compromissos filosóficos tácitos que moldaram a atividade científica em cada uma dessas comunidades, e que condicionaram o intercâmbio de idéias entre elas.

This thesis presents an overview and analysis of tests conducted to measure the quality of clerical and secreterial skills obtained by commerce education students and concludes with suggestions for future testing.

Submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree in Community Psychology in the Department of Psychology, University of Zululand, 2003. / "To penetrate the mysteries, to bless with good conscience, to be great yet empty, to return to stillness and be forgiven, to do good deeds and help people reach the other shore — these are the great benefits of our path of cultivation. To calm people in stormy times, to help them understand the nature of things, to maintain purity, to nourish all things, to respect all life, and to answer the needs of those whose beliefs come from the heart — The sun rises, the darkness is banished; and we are witness to true wonder" (The Religion of Light, 1005). Research in the area of clerical paedophilia in the Catholic Church initially focused on managing the problem at the level of treatment intervention, with treatment centres run by religious orders in the UK and USA. Protocols have been developed worldwide to deal with reports or complaints against Catholic clergy who have allegedly interfered sexually with a child. Yet consideration and evaluation of this intervention clearly highlights the 'after the fact' nature of intervention. Leaders of the Catholic Church are certainly aware of the need for the prevention of mental ill-health, and the promotion of mental health in their ranks. However, it is the negative and vast publicity given to child molestation, and the immediate damage inflicted on the Catholic Church, that has resulted in a 'mop-up operation' rather than an exploration of causes and interventions aimed at prevention and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle. Recently, however, psychologists and philosophers, who have been called on to evaluate the problem in the USA, the UK, Southern Africa, and Australia, have been asking questions such as: Why does this happen in the Catholic Church? Or, more to the point, what needs to be done about it? My guiding hypothesis for the research was: Do Catholic priests constitute a high-risk category for mental ill-health? As regards the second question — what is to be done? — I propose the establishment of a Community Health Centre for Catholic clergy. My research addresses both questions. As regards the first question, the evidence — gathered through interviews and workshops over a period of eight years — points to the conclusion that paedophilia is not purely a problem of intra-psychic factors but also a symptom of the closed and isolated nature of the Catholic institution, whose structures both attract and give life to, otherwise possibly latent pathology. In addition, many priests — young and old — feel unheard and misunderstood, and perceive themselves to have been inadequately trained and poorly supported and managed. It is possible that, combining both intra-psychic repression and institutional suppression, the potential for a disaster such as the crisis the Catholic Church faces today, is created. The community of Catholic priests is perhaps not conceptualized, nor cared for, as a community of male human beings. It is precisely a working model of this community care for Catholic priests, that is being explored in this thesis. This thesis presents a working model - or a work in progress — where any assessment is related to healing and therapeutic intervention, in intentionality and orientation.

Atualmente o potencial vetor é geralmente tratado no eletromagnetismo clássico como um artifício para o cálculo dos campos elétricos e magnéticos sem um significado claro. No entanto, quando foi proposto na metade do século XIX, ele possuía um significado físico claro e desempenhava um papel central para Faraday, Maxwell e outros físicos britânicos. Um dos objetivos deste trabalho é entender como se deu esta mudança na interpretação do conceito de potencial vetor. Para isto foi realizado um estudo histórico analisando as diferentes interpretações para este conceito partindo dos trabalhos de Faraday sobre indução eletromagnética, onde propôs o conceito de estado eletrotônico. Analisamos as contribuições de William Thomson que fortemente inspiraram Maxwell a sugerir diferentes interpretações para o conceito em trabalhos publicados ao longo de cerca de duas décadas até a publicação do Treatise on Electricity and Magnestism em 1873. No final do século XIX a interpretação dada por Maxwell ao conceito de potencial vetor começou a ser questionada por vários físicos. Uma das questões envolvidas neste processo foi a realidade das grandezas físicas. Nomes como Heaviside, Hertz e outros defendiam que as grandezas dotadas de realidade física na teoria eletromagnética eram os campos elétrico e magnético e não o potencial vetor. Com essa nova visão desenvolveram uma nova teoria eletromagnética próxima da que conhecemos atualmente. No entanto, este processo não foi linear e aceito acriticamente. Ao longo do século XX foram publicados trabalhos propondo uma interpretação física para o potencial vetor, ainda no contexto clássico. O estudo histórico aqui desenvolvido priorizou a abordagem desenvolvida na Grã-Bretanha / Currently the vector potential generally is considered in the classical electromagnetic theory as an artifice for the calculation of the electric and magnetic fields and without a clear physical meaning. However, when it was proposed in the mid-nineteenth century, it used to have a clear physical meaning and played a central role for Faraday, Maxwell and other British physicists. One of the goals of this dissertation is to understand how the meanings attributed to the vector potential changed along years. In order to answer to this question, we developed a historical study analyzing the different interpretations for this concept starting with the works of Faraday on electromagnetic induction, where he introduced the concept of electrotonic state. We analyzed the contributions of William Thomson that inspired strongly Maxwell to suggest different interpretations for the concept in works published along the next two decades until the publication of the Treatise on Electricity and Magnestism in 1873. In the end of the nineteenth century Maxwells interpretations for the vector potential began to be questioned by several physicists. One of the issues involved in this questioning was the reality of the physical quantities. People as Heaviside, Hertz and others defended that electric and magnetic fields, not the vector potential, were quantities endowed with physical reality. With this new approach they developed a new electromagnetic theory closer to the currently accepted. Nevertheless, this process was not linear and uncritically accepted. Throughout the twentieth century papers and books were published defending a physical interpretation for the vector potential considering a classical context for the electromagnetic theory. The historical study developed here focused the developments in Great-Britain although some mentions to Continental physics are made

Atualmente o potencial vetor é geralmente tratado no eletromagnetismo clássico como um artifício para o cálculo dos campos elétricos e magnéticos sem um significado claro. No entanto, quando foi proposto na metade do século XIX, ele possuía um significado físico claro e desempenhava um papel central para Faraday, Maxwell e outros físicos britânicos. Um dos objetivos deste trabalho é entender como se deu esta mudança na interpretação do conceito de potencial vetor. Para isto foi realizado um estudo histórico analisando as diferentes interpretações para este conceito partindo dos trabalhos de Faraday sobre indução eletromagnética, onde propôs o conceito de estado eletrotônico. Analisamos as contribuições de William Thomson que fortemente inspiraram Maxwell a sugerir diferentes interpretações para o conceito em trabalhos publicados ao longo de cerca de duas décadas até a publicação do Treatise on Electricity and Magnestism em 1873. No final do século XIX a interpretação dada por Maxwell ao conceito de potencial vetor começou a ser questionada por vários físicos. Uma das questões envolvidas neste processo foi a realidade das grandezas físicas. Nomes como Heaviside, Hertz e outros defendiam que as grandezas dotadas de realidade física na teoria eletromagnética eram os campos elétrico e magnético e não o potencial vetor. Com essa nova visão desenvolveram uma nova teoria eletromagnética próxima da que conhecemos atualmente. No entanto, este processo não foi linear e aceito acriticamente. Ao longo do século XX foram publicados trabalhos propondo uma interpretação física para o potencial vetor, ainda no contexto clássico. O estudo histórico aqui desenvolvido priorizou a abordagem desenvolvida na Grã-Bretanha / Currently the vector potential generally is considered in the classical electromagnetic theory as an artifice for the calculation of the electric and magnetic fields and without a clear physical meaning. However, when it was proposed in the mid-nineteenth century, it used to have a clear physical meaning and played a central role for Faraday, Maxwell and other British physicists. One of the goals of this dissertation is to understand how the meanings attributed to the vector potential changed along years. In order to answer to this question, we developed a historical study analyzing the different interpretations for this concept starting with the works of Faraday on electromagnetic induction, where he introduced the concept of electrotonic state. We analyzed the contributions of William Thomson that inspired strongly Maxwell to suggest different interpretations for the concept in works published along the next two decades until the publication of the Treatise on Electricity and Magnestism in 1873. In the end of the nineteenth century Maxwells interpretations for the vector potential began to be questioned by several physicists. One of the issues involved in this questioning was the reality of the physical quantities. People as Heaviside, Hertz and others defended that electric and magnetic fields, not the vector potential, were quantities endowed with physical reality. With this new approach they developed a new electromagnetic theory closer to the currently accepted. Nevertheless, this process was not linear and uncritically accepted. Throughout the twentieth century papers and books were published defending a physical interpretation for the vector potential considering a classical context for the electromagnetic theory. The historical study developed here focused the developments in Great-Britain although some mentions to Continental physics are made

Esta pesquisa procura entender a ação sindical brasileira diante dos impactos do regime de acumulação flexível sobre o país. O setor escolhido foi o bancário, justamente porque ele está no centro do capitalismo financeiro. Nos bancos brasileiros, inúmeras mudanças aconteceram na gestão do trabalho, mas a principal foi a transformação do bancário em um vendedor de produtos. Com isso se desenvolveram técnicas de controle do trabalho como o sistema de metas de produtividade. Este, por sua vez, gerou uma pressão demasiada sobre os trabalhadores e instrumentalizou o assédio moral como instrumento de gestão. Tal fato provocou o adoecimento da classe trabalhadora constituindo um novo elo entre os dirigentes sindicais e os trabalhadores. Os sindicatos, que em 1990 atravessaram uma profunda crise no país, agora, devido ao sofrimento dos trabalhadores com a pressão para o cumprimento de metas, conseguiram se reaproximar de sua base de representação. O sindicalismo não chegou ao fim, nem mesmo saiu do espaço político de lutas. Por meio das políticas de denúncia ao assédio moral nos locais de trabalho e de combate às metas abusivas, restabeleceu seu papel de movimento, tornando-se novamente atuante na contraposição às empresas e na defesa dos trabalhadores. / This research aims to understand the trade union setion facing the impacts of the flexible accumulation regime on the country. The hanking sector was exactly chosen because it is in the center of the finacial capitalism. In Brazilian banks several changes happened in work management but the main change was the transformation of the bank clerk into a salesman. Consequently, the techniques of work control were develp, such as the system or productivity targets. In turn, this system caused excessive pressure on workers and exploited the moral siege as a management instrument. Such fact caused diseases in workers. Trade unions that had suffered a deep crisis in 1990 in Brazil because of the work class sufferings caused by the pressure to meet targets have succeded in reconneting to their basis of representation. The trade unionism did not come to an end and did not even leave the political struggle scene. Through the denunciation policy of psychological harassment at work and the fight against abusive targets, trade unions restored their identity as a movementle of movement acting again in a counterpoint to companies and in the defense of the working class.

Esta pesquisa procura entender a ação sindical brasileira diante dos impactos do regime de acumulação flexível sobre o país. O setor escolhido foi o bancário, justamente porque ele está no centro do capitalismo financeiro. Nos bancos brasileiros, inúmeras mudanças aconteceram na gestão do trabalho, mas a principal foi a transformação do bancário em um vendedor de produtos. Com isso se desenvolveram técnicas de controle do trabalho como o sistema de metas de produtividade. Este, por sua vez, gerou uma pressão demasiada sobre os trabalhadores e instrumentalizou o assédio moral como instrumento de gestão. Tal fato provocou o adoecimento da classe trabalhadora constituindo um novo elo entre os dirigentes sindicais e os trabalhadores. Os sindicatos, que em 1990 atravessaram uma profunda crise no país, agora, devido ao sofrimento dos trabalhadores com a pressão para o cumprimento de metas, conseguiram se reaproximar de sua base de representação. O sindicalismo não chegou ao fim, nem mesmo saiu do espaço político de lutas. Por meio das políticas de denúncia ao assédio moral nos locais de trabalho e de combate às metas abusivas, restabeleceu seu papel de movimento, tornando-se novamente atuante na contraposição às empresas e na defesa dos trabalhadores. / This research aims to understand the trade union setion facing the impacts of the flexible accumulation regime on the country. The hanking sector was exactly chosen because it is in the center of the finacial capitalism. In Brazilian banks several changes happened in work management but the main change was the transformation of the bank clerk into a salesman. Consequently, the techniques of work control were develp, such as the system or productivity targets. In turn, this system caused excessive pressure on workers and exploited the moral siege as a management instrument. Such fact caused diseases in workers. Trade unions that had suffered a deep crisis in 1990 in Brazil because of the work class sufferings caused by the pressure to meet targets have succeded in reconneting to their basis of representation. The trade unionism did not come to an end and did not even leave the political struggle scene. Through the denunciation policy of psychological harassment at work and the fight against abusive targets, trade unions restored their identity as a movementle of movement acting again in a counterpoint to companies and in the defense of the working class.

Abstract Coming with evolution of social structure, the industrial structure has been changed continually. From earliest agriculture and industrial society. Taiwan has gradually moved into modern society¡Vservice society. Within service society, department store is the most typical business. For the clerks of department store the most significant job is providing face-to-face service to customers. The working hours for the clerks are mainly concentrate on vacation and nighttime combined with long period standing. Hence the influential of physical and psychological stress will cause job burnout. Precisely, clerks are not directly employed by the department store, even they affect the sales and quality of department store nevertheless the department store could not implement the same motivation on clerks as they were hired by boutique. Managerial methods and strategies have become the critical topic for human resource mangers. This study focus on the source of job burnout, the clerk is the main component, job burnout is the media variance, using those factors to discuss the mediating effect among leadership, role stress, social support, turnover intention, sales performance and sales attitude to the job burnout. The consequence indicated that: 1.The clerks gained highest degree in the leadership of goal achievement. 2.With role stress, the role overloads that affect clerks is more seriously. 3.With social support, the colleagues supporting provide the highest support. 4.With job burnout, the exhaustion that affects clerks is more thoughtfully. 5.A negative correlation was identified between leadership and job burnout. Along the leadership, it emphasizes the goal and depersonalization has negative interaction but the interactive to the diminished personal accomplishment among leadership result positive effect. 6.The positive correlation was identified between role stress and job burnout of clerks. Once the role overloads of the role stress occur, the positive effect of exhaustion may take place and the negative effect may diminish personal accomplishment. Further the role ambiguity and role conflict of role stress may show the positive correlation. 7.A notable correlation was identified between social support and job burnout. The workman support of social support may have negative correlation on job burnout. Moreover, a negative correlation was identified between family supports of depersonalization and diminishes personal accomplishment. 8.A predictable correlation was identified between job burnout and turnover intention. The job burnout and turnover has positive correlation. 9.A diligent positive correlation was identified between job burnout and turnover intention. The exhaustion of job burnout and turnover intention has positive effect. 10.A significant correlation was identified between exhaustion of job burnout and diminishes personal accomplishment. Exhaustion of job burnout to the sales performance has positive effect, in addition diminish personal accomplishment of job burnout has positive effect to the sales performance. 11.A notable negative correlation was associated with job burnout and service attitude. Depersonalization of job burnout and diminished personal accomplishment creates negative effect. 12.In mediating effect, the leadership will affect the turnover intention by job burnout; the role stress will cause turnover intention and service attitude by job burnout. 13.The interaction among leadership, role stress and social support will influence job burnout precisely. KEY WORDS: Leadership, Role Stress, Social Support, Department Store, and Clerk of Boutique, Job Burnout

The environment of medical industry in Taiwan is unprecedented rigorous. Except the finance pressure of medical expense billing and the increasing demand of the quality of medical service, recently due to the change of government health insurance policy, each medical organization strives for the rare resource and limited customer, not only start changing the type of the medical service, but also emphasis on improving the function of hospital management and controlling the cost. Formerly, purchasing simply means buying goods; but now, for the rigorous medical management environment and the rapid pace of innovation, purchasing clerk is required constant skill upgrading, such as leasing, loaning, BOT and outsourcing by contract, to obtain the use of goods and to satisfy the aim of demand. Additionally, the way to obtain the operation or ownership of goods is different from the former way. Contributed to the change, it presents its importance in business management. So, this research wants to investigate the relationship of human capital, knowledge sharing will, purchasing ability and purchasing performance. We applied exploratory and confirmatory analysis to investigate the relationship involved. The samples were purchasing clerks of hospital, including medical centers, regional hospitals and area hospitals. Out of 400 questionnaires were sent, the valid questionnaires returned were 114. Factor analysis , variable analysis, regression analysis were used to process the data acquired. The major findings of the research are summarized as follows: (1) the human capital of purchasing clerk is positive effect to purchasing ability and purchasing performance. (2) knowledge sharing will is positive effect to purchasing ability and purchasing performance (3)purchasing ability is positive effect to purchasing performance (4) purchasing ability has the mediate effect among human capital and knowledge sharing will with purchasing performance.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2015. / Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2016-03-07T17:49:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_PatríciadeOliveiraFreitasBorin.pdf: 4605701 bytes, checksum: b7d2ac1093a633725b54b675af1c2c44 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marília Freitas(marilia@bce.unb.br) on 2016-05-26T19:32:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_PatríciadeOliveiraFreitasBorin.pdf: 4605701 bytes, checksum: b7d2ac1093a633725b54b675af1c2c44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-26T19:32:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_PatríciadeOliveiraFreitasBorin.pdf: 4605701 bytes, checksum: b7d2ac1093a633725b54b675af1c2c44 (MD5) / Neste trabalho são apresentadas metodologias de pesquisa que possibilitam compreender a influência da configuração dos feixes de subcondutores das linhas de transmissão em ultra alta tensão em corrente alternada (UAT CA) sobre os valores dos campos elétricos, tendo como principais objetivos a avaliação da sensibilidade do gradiente de potencial nas superfícies dos condutores; a análise crítica dos métodos de cálculo existentes (analíticos e numéricos) para quantificar a distribuição do gradiente de potencial; e o estudo do equacionamento dos campos eletromagnéticos associados a linhas de transmissão (LTs) na frequência industrial, a partir das equações de Maxwell. Para tanto, é feita uma simulação, em larga escala, de um estudo de caso de uma linha de 1.000 kV CA, considerando diferentes espaçamentos entre subcondutores dos feixes e diferentes arranjos regulares de feixes. Para cada uma das configurações, os gradientes de potencial, máximo e médio, na superfície de cada condutor são calculados pelo método das imagens sucessivas. Nas simulações, é utilizado o modelo simplificado de LTs, reduzindo o problema a duas dimensões. Observa-se que os valores máximo e médio do gradiente do feixe aumentam à medida que aumenta o espaçamento do feixe. Todavia, verifica-se que a variação percentual nos gradientes não é tão expressiva quando comparada a do espaçamento entre subcondutores. Além disso, constata-se que a distribuição dos gradientes nos subcondutores não é uniforme. Destaca-se que apenas os arranjos de 8 e 10 subcondutores atendem aos gradientes críticos de corona visual, implicando reduções expressivas de gradiente em comparação ao arranjo hexagonal. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicam que distribuição do gradiente é sensível tanto ao espaçamento do feixe de condutores quanto a geometria dos feixes. Sendo este último o de maior influência. O método numérico aplicado apresentou boa precisão para configurações de linhas com feixes múltiplos. Por fim, recomenda-se a avaliação da influência de diferentes condutores sobre o desempenho de linhas UAT CA e sugere-se a utilização de métodos numéricos baseados em parâmetros concentrados (elementos finitos, por exemplo) para avaliar parâmetros críticos desconsiderados pelo modelo simplificado de LTs, como flecha dos condutores e proximidade às estruturas das torres. / This work presents research methodologies that enables to understand the influence of bundle sub conductors in ultra-high voltage (UHV) AC transmission lines upon electric fields. It has as main objectives the evaluation of sensitivity of surface gradient potential (SGP) of overhead line conductors, critical analysis of the main analytical and numerical existing methods to quantify SGP distribution, and the study of electromagnetic modeling of transmission lines, regarding power frequency, carried out using Maxwell's equations. Therefore, it is performed a large-scale simulation of a case study of a 1000 kV AC line, taking into account different bundle spacing and different bundle arrangements. To each one of these configurations, the average and maximum SGP of each conductor are calculated by Successive Images method. The simulations consider the simplified transmission line model, reducing the problem into two dimensions. It is observed that the maximum and average values increase when bundle spacing increases. Nevertheless, it is found that the percentage change in gradient is not as significant as compared to the spacing between sub conductors. In addition to that, it is seen that gradient distribution on sub conductors is non-uniform. It is noteworthy that only 8 and 10 sub conductor’ arrangements meet the critical gradients for visual corona. The results of this research indicate that gradient distribution is sensitive to conductor spacing and to the geometry of the bundle arrangements. The latter being the more influential. The numerical method applied to the case study showed good accuracy for transmission lines with multiple bundle conductors. Finally, it is recommended to evaluate the influence of different conductors on UHV AC transmission lines performance and it is suggested the use of numerical methods based on lumped parameters (e.g. finite elements) to better evaluate critical parameters which are ignored by transmission line simplified model, like conductor sag and proximity to towers.