Polymer functional groups have critical impacts upon physical, chemical and mechanical properties, and thus affect the specific applications of the polymer. Functionalization of cellulose esters and ethers has been under extensive investigation for applications including drug delivery, cosmetics, food ingredients, and automobile coating. In oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs, amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) formulations have been used, prepared by forming miscible blends of polymers and drugs to inhibit crystallization and enhance bioavailability of the drug. The Edgar and Taylor groups have revealed that some cellulose omega-carboxyalkanoates were highly effective as ASD polymers, with the pendant carboxylic acid groups providing both specific polymer-drug interactions and pH-triggered release through swelling of the ionized polymer matrix. While a variety of functional groups such as hydroxyl and amide groups are also of interest, cellulose functionalization has relied heavily on classical methods such as esterification and etherification for appending functional groups. These methods, although they have been very useful, are limited in two respects. First, they typically employ harsh reaction conditions. Secondly, each synthetic pathway is only applicable for one or a narrow group of functionalities due to restrictions imposed by the required reaction conditions. To this end, there is a great impetus to identify novel reactions in cellulose modification that are mild, efficient and ideally modular. In the initial effort to design and synthesize cellulose esters for oral drug delivery, we developed several new methods in cellulose functionalization, which can overcome drawbacks of conventional synthetic pathways, provide novel cellulose derivatives that are otherwise inaccessible, and present a platform for structure-property relationship study. Cellulose omega-hydroxyalkanoates were previously difficult to access as the hydroxyl groups, if not protected, react with carboxylic acid/carbonyl during a typical esterification reaction or ring opening of lactones, producing cellulose-g-polyester and homopolyester. We demonstrated the viability of chemoselective olefin hydroboration-oxidation in the synthesis of cellulose omega]-hydroxyesters in the presence of ester groups. Cellulose esters with terminally olefinic side chains were transformed to the target products by two-step, one-pot hydroboration-oxidation reactions, using 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) as hydroboration agent, followed by oxidizing the organoborane intermediate to a primary alcohol using mildly alkaline H2O2. The use of 9-BBN as hydroboration agent and sodium acetate as base catalyst in oxidation successfully avoided cleavage of ester linkages by borane reduction and base catalyzed hydrolysis. With the impetus of modular and efficient synthesis, we introduced olefin cross-metathesis (CM) in polysaccharide functionalization. Using Grubbs type catalyst, cellulose esters with terminally olefinic side chains were reacted with various CM partners including acrylic acid, acrylates and acrylamides to afford families of functionalized cellulose esters. Molar excesses of CM partners were used in order to suppress potential crosslinking caused by self-metathesis between terminally olefinic side chains. Amide CM partners can chelate with the ruthenium catalyst and cause low conversions in conventional solvents such as THF. While the inherent reactivity toward CM and tendency of acrylamides to chelate Ru is influenced by the acrylamide N-substituents, employing acetic acid as a solvent significantly improved the conversion of certain acrylamides. We observed that the CM products are prone to crosslinking during storage, and found that the crosslinking is likely caused by free radical abstraction of gamma-hydrogen of the alpha, beta-unsaturation and subsequent recombination. We further demonstrated successful hydrogenation of these alpha, beta-unsaturated acids, esters, and amides, thereby eliminating the potential for radical-induced crosslinking during storage. The alpha, beta-unsaturation on CM products can cause crosslinking due to gamma-H abstraction and recombination if not reduced immediately after reaction. Instead of eliminating the double bond by hydrogenation, we described a method to make use of these reactive conjugated olefins by post-CM thiol-Michael addition. Under amine catalysis, different CM products and thiols were combined and reacted. Using proper thiols and catalyst, complete conversion can be achieved under mild reaction conditions. The combination of the two modular reactions creates versatile access to multi-functionalized cellulose derivatives. Compared with conventional reactions, these reactions enable click or click-like conjugation of functional groups onto cellulose backbone. The modular profile of the reactions enables clean and informative structure-property relationship studies for ASD. These approaches also provide opportunities for the synthesis of chemically and architecturally diverse cellulosic polymers that are otherwise difficult to access, opening doors for many other applications such as antimicrobial, antifouling, in vivo drug delivery, and bioconjugation. We believe that the cellulose functionalization approaches we pioneered can be expanded to the modification of other polysaccharides and polymers, and that these reactions will become useful tools in the toolbox of polymer/polysaccharide chemists. / Ph. D.

Yes / Herein, we report a catalyst-free ‘click’ reaction: metal-free [2 + 2] cycloaddition–retro-electrocyclisation (CA–RE) of arylynamines with the sluggish acceptor tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) to provide orthogonal electron-push–pull light-harvesting small molecules: N-heterocyclic dicyanoquinodimethane-substituted methylene malononitriles. Ynamines are reactive alkynes and tend to induce over-reactions with the CA–RE adducts. The reactivity of arylynamines was balanced properly by ensuring the electrondensity of the nitrogen atom was delocalised more over the aromatic rings than the triple bond. / This work was supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2020JJA120032). / Research Development Fund Publication Prize Award winner, April 2022.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-15T15:25:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valentina Nascimento e Melo.pdf: 1846879 bytes, checksum: 0f435fbf6eac1935724bc84cb61e7e68 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T15:25:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valentina Nascimento e Melo.pdf: 1846879 bytes, checksum: 0f435fbf6eac1935724bc84cb61e7e68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Two strategies were considered for the synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated O-glucosyl-1,2,3-triazoles. The reaction between tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal and triazole alcohols gave no stereoselectivity. In fact, β-isomer formation was increased. A second strategy furnished 2,3-unsaturated O-glucosides from tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal and alkynols via Ferrier rearrangement; this methodology employing montmorillonite K-10 doped with FeCl3∙6H2O affords new glycosides in good to excellent yields, short time and high α-stereoselectivity in dichloromethane. Subsequently, the glucosides were coupled with 2-azido-1,4-naphthoquinone to give a new series of 1,2,3-1H-triazolyl O-glucoside derivatives based on click reaction. / Duas estratégias foram consideradas para a síntese de 1,2,3-triazóis O-glicosídeos2,3-insaturados. A reação entre o tri-O-acetil-D-glucal e os alcoóis triazólicos não mostrou seletividade. De fato, a formação do isômero β foi aumentada. Uma segunda estratégia forneceu O-glicosídeos 2,3-insaturados a partir do tri-O-acetil-D-glucal e alquinóis via rearranjo de Ferrier; esta metodologia formou novos glicosídeos, empregando montmorilonite K-10 dopado com FeCl3∙6H2O em diclorometano, em rendimentos de bons à excelentes, baixo tempo reacional e alta α-estereosseletividade. Subsequentemente, os glicosídeos foram acoplados com 2-azido-1,4-naftoquinona formando uma nova série de derivados 1,2,3-1H-triazolil O-glicosídeos através da reação Click.

Les catalyseurs supportés sur des dendrimères et nanoparticules magnétiques acquièrent actuellement une importance accrue dans le contexte de la chimie verte et du développement durable car ils sont séparés facilement des produits de réaction par filtration ou à l’aide d’un aimant et recyclables. Dans cet esprit, la thèse a été dédiée à la synthèse, à la caractérisation et aux applications catalytiques de catalyseurs moléculaires, nano-et dendritiques immobilisés impliquant le ruthénium, le cuivre et le palladium. Les catalyseurs magnétiquement recyclables de ruthenium (II), de cuivre (I) et des nanoparticules de palladium ont produit d’excellentes performances en terme d’activité, de stabilité et de recyclabilité pour les réactions de cycloaddition entre les alcynes et les azotures et les réactions de couplage croisé carbone-carbone. Enfin, la synthèse de complexes mono-et polymétalliques du palladium contenant les ligands 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole a également été réalisée et leurs proprietiés catalytiques ont été étudiées. / Catalysts based on dendrimers and magnetic nanoparticles are becoming increasing utilized in the context of green and sustainable chemistry, because they are easily separated by precipitation or by using asimple magnet respectively, and they are recyclable. In this spirit, the thesis has been devoted to the synthesis, characterization and catalytic applications of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles-immobilized molecular, nano-and dendritic catalysts involving Ru, Cu and Pd. Magnetically recyclable ruthenium(II) and Cu(I) complexes and Pd nanoparticles have provided excellent catalytic performances in terms of activity, stability and recyclability, using alkyne-azide cycloaddition and carbon-carbon cross coupling reactions. The synthesis of mono-and polymetallic palladium complexes containing the 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole ligand or nonabranch-derived ligands has also been carried out, and their catalytic properties in coupling reactions has been studied

?rea de concentra??o: Qu?mica org?nica. / Submitted by Alexandre Soares (alexandredesoares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-25T12:50:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo_ferreira_coelho_junior.pdf: 3071757 bytes, checksum: e9deb6aa475b6a67aeab117cf2df4603 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-09-08T17:54:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo_ferreira_coelho_junior.pdf: 3071757 bytes, checksum: e9deb6aa475b6a67aeab117cf2df4603 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T17:54:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo_ferreira_coelho_junior.pdf: 3071757 bytes, checksum: e9deb6aa475b6a67aeab117cf2df4603 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / O presente trabalho prop?e a glicosila??o do pept?deo antimicrobiano HSP-1, composto por 14 res?duos de amino?cidos e isolado originalmente da esp?cie Hyla punctata (PRATES et al., 2004) empregando-se a s?ntese de pept?deos em fase s?lida associada a rea??o de cicloadi??o catalisada por cobre (SHARPLESS et al., 2002). Para isto, foi realizada a s?ntese do pept?deo HSP-1 propargilado ([PAG1]HSP-1) atrav?s da metodologia de s?ntese de pept?deo em fase s?lida (SPFS) via estrat?gia Fmoc. Ap?s a confirma??o da obten??o do [PAG1]HSP-1 por espectrometria de massa (MALDI-ToF), foi realizada a glicosila??o com as inser??es dos derivados azido acetilado de glicose e N-acetilglicosamina na presen?a de sulfato de cobre penta hidratado (CuSO4.5H2O) e de ascorbato de s?dio como agente redutor para obten??o dos glicopept?deo-triaz?is [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1. Os produtos das s?nteses foram purificados por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia de fase reversa (CLAE-FR) e tamb?m caracterizados por espectrometria de massa (MALDI-ToF), confirmando a forma??o regiosseletiva dos glicopept?deo-triaz?is sem produ??o de subprodutos da glicosila??o. Os estudos biol?gicos comparativos entre o pept?deo HSP-1 e de suas formas glicosiladas revelaram que as modifica??es qu?micas n?o alteraram significativamente a efic?cia do HSP-1 contra agentes bacterianos. Entretanto, os testes antif?ngicos demonstraram melhor atividade fungicida para os glicopept?deos quando comparado ao pept?deo HSP-1. Foram ainda realizados estudos conformacionais e de intera??o entre o pept?deo e os glicopept?deos com ves?culas fosfolip?dicas de car?ter zwitteri?nico (POPC) e ani?nico (POPC/POPG). Os estudos conformacionais empregando-se a t?cnica de Dicro?smo Circular (CD) revelaram menor teor de helicidade tanto em LUV?s de POPC quanto de POPC/POPG para os glicopept?deos em rela??o a HSP-1. Os estudos de intera??o foram realizados empregando-se as t?cnicas de espalhamento de luz din?mico (DLS), potencial zeta (?) e extravasamento de carboxifluoresce?na (CF). De uma maneira geral, verifica-se que a varia??o no di?metro hidrodin?mico (?Dh) para ves?culas ii zwitteri?nicas POPC e ani?nicas POPC/POPG ? maior para os glicopept?deos [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1 em rela??o ao HSP-1. Por outro lado, a varia??o do potencial zeta tanto em ves?culas zwitteri?nicas quanto em ves?culas predominantemente negativas causada por HSP-1 foi maior em compara??o ao efeito causado pelas formas glicosiladas. E por fim, os resultados de extravasamento de carboxifluoresce?na induzida por cada esp?cie (HSP-1, [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1) mostrou que a capacidade l?tica dos glicopept?deos ? ligeiramente maior em ambos os meios biomim?ticos quando comparados com o pept?deo HSP-1. Assim sendo, este trabalho mostrou que a presen?a do anel triaz?lico pode ser respons?vel pela maior atividade antif?ngica dos glicopept?deos [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1 em rela??o ao pept?deo HSP-1. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT This work proposes the glycosylation of the antimicrobial peptide HSP-1, containing 14 amino acid residues and originally isolated from Hyla punctata species (PRATES et al., 2004) by solid phase peptides synthesis associated with cycloaddition reaction copper catalyzed (SHARPLESS et al., 2002). The synthesis of propargylated HSP-1 ([PAG1] HSP-1) was carried out by solid phase peptide synthesis using Fmoc strategy and characterized by mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF). In order to obtain the glycopeptide triazoles [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 and [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1, azide derivatives acetylated glucose and N-acetylglucosamine were used in the presence of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4. 5H2O) and sodium ascorbate as a reducing agent. The products were purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and characterized by mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF), confirming the regioselective reaction without glycosylation secondary products. Comparative studies among HSP-1 peptide and their glycosylated forms don?t show significant changes in antibacterial assays. However, the antifungal tests have shown a significant increase in fungicidal activity for glycopeptides when compared to HSP-1 peptide. Furthermore, it were carried out conformational and interaction studies among the peptide and glycopeptides with zwitterionic (POPC) and anionic (POPC/POPG) phospholipid vesicles. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra have revealed lower helicity to glycopeptides relative HSP-1 in both zwitterionic and anionic LUV's. Interaction studies were performed employing the dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential and leakage carboxyfluorescein (CF) techniques. Summing up, the hydrodynamic diameter variation (?Dh) for zwitterionic and anionic vesicles is greater for glycopeptides [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 and [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1 when compared with HSP-1. On the other hand, the zeta potential variation in zwitterionic or negative vesicles caused by HSP-1 was higher compared to the effect caused by glycosylated forms. Finally, the results of carboxyfluorescein leakage induced by each species (HSP- iv 1 [Glc-trz-G14] HSP-1 and [GlcNAc-trz-G14] HSP-1) showed a higher lytic capacity of glycopeptides in both media in relation to the HSP-1 peptide. Thus, it showed that the presence of triazole rings may be responsible for the higher antifungal activity of derivatives [Glc-trz-G14] HSP-1 and [GlcNAc trz-G14] HSP-1.

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2016-08-08T14:06:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arturenemarialinocarmo.pdf: 9897809 bytes, checksum: 80040aff8b9e00693411113ba82ed918 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-08-08T14:10:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arturenemarialinocarmo.pdf: 9897809 bytes, checksum: 80040aff8b9e00693411113ba82ed918 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-08T14:10:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arturenemarialinocarmo.pdf: 9897809 bytes, checksum: 80040aff8b9e00693411113ba82ed918 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-24 / A tese de doutorado intitulada Síntese de Derivados Aminoquinolínicos e Nucleotídeos Não-Naturais, Potenciais Agentes Antiparasitários e Antibacterianos está apresentada em dois capítulos que descrevem a síntese de substâncias com potencial atividade antiparasitária e antibacteriana. Foram obtidos 46 compostos nesse trabalho, 31 compostos do capítulo 1, sendo 15 inéditos, e o restante foi desenvolvido durante a realização do capítulo 2, sendo 8 inéditos. O capítulo 1 apresenta a síntese de derivados quinolínicos funcionalizados usando a reação do tipo “click” para obtenção dos conjugados aminoquinolina/ácido cólico. Inicialmente é apresentada a obtenção dos derivados aminoquinolinas, aminoalcinoquinolinas e aminodialcinoquinolinas, estes dois últimos foram usados na reação do tipo “click” para obtenção dos derivados triazólicos, alguns também foram utilizados como ligantes na síntese de complexos de Pt (II). Um estudo da relação estrutura/atividade dos compostos sintetizados foi realizado, permitindo a verificação da importância biológica dos compostos. O segundo capítulo envolveu a síntese de derivados nucleotídicos não- naturais em que o grupo fosfato é substituído por um triazol e foi realizado no Instituto de Química Molecular de Reims na Universidade de Reims Champagne-Ardenne CNRS sob a coordenação da professora Dra. Pascale Clivio, / The doctoral thesis entitled “Synthesis of Derivatives Aminoquinolínicos and Non-Natural Nucleotides, Potential Antiparasitic and Antibacterial Agents” is presented in two chapters that describe the synthesis of substances with potential antibacterial and antiparasitic activity. 46 compounds were obtained in this work, Chapter 1 31 compounds, including 16 unpublished, and the remainder was developed during the course of Chapter 2, and 8 unpublished. Chapter 1 presents the synthesis of functionalized quinoline using the click reaction to obtain the conjugated aminoquinoline/cholic acid. Initially it is presented to obtain the derivatives aminokynolines, and aminoalkynoquinolines aminodialkynoquinolines, these two latter were functionalized using reaction type click to prepare the triazoles, some have also been used as binders in the synthesis of platinum (II) complexes. A study of the structure/activity of the synthesized compounds was performed by allowing verification of the biological importance of the compounds. The second chapter involved the synthesis of non-natural nucleotide in which the phosphate group is replaced by a triazole and was conducted at the Institute of Molecular Chemistry of the University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne Reims CNRS under the supervision of Professor Dr. Pascale Clivio,

No description available.

No description available.

[pt] No presente trabalho foi investigada a microfabricação de reatores fotocatalíticos de polidimetilsiloxano (PDMS) para o estudo comparativo de aumento de escala entre micro- e mesorreatores, e lignocelulósicos de bambu para reação de cicloadição alcino-azida catalisada por cobre(I) (CuAAC) em fluxo contínuo. Nesse cenário, foi desenvolvida uma configuração experimental de scale-up e numbering-up de sistemas meso- e microfluídicos fotocatalíticos, respectivamente, para comparar a eficiência de fotodegradação de TiO2/P25 em rodamina B (RB) e azul de metileno (em inglês, Methylene Blue, MB) sob irradiação UV. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o aumento do volume (scale-up) reduz os valores de D(por cento), enquanto que numbering-up mantém a eficiência fotocatalítica com redução significativa do tempo de reação. M6-60 (micro)L apresentou melhor desempenho entre os dispositivos, com degradação total do MB (1,2 x 10-5 mol L-1) em apenas 1h, e foto-oxidação total de fenol (1,2 x 10-4 mol L-1) em 4h. Além disto, M6-60 (micro)L apresentou menor consumo de energia elétrica por ordem (0,012 kWh m-3) e maior rendimento quântico (2,6 x 10-2) em comparação com os outros dispositivos. O desenvolvimento de suportes sólidos lignocelulósicos apresentou importantes características para os processos de funcionalização de TEMPO-TAL com íons Cu(II) e Zn(II) e CuNPs. Os suportes foram devidamente caracterizados por MEV/EDS e FT-IR. Os resultados para a reação de CuAAC mostraram rendimentos de 79-82 por cento com reciclabilidade de até 7 vezes e lixiviação média de cobre de 1,30 ppm, e foram importantes para o desenvolvimento do microrreator de bambu. A microfabricação do microrreator lignocelulósicos de bambu (L(micro)R) foi realizada a partir de etapas de cortes, sem utilização de técnicas caras e sala limpa. L(micro)R mostrou fácil prototipagem e rápida oxidação com N-oxil-2,2,6,6-tetrametilpiperidina (TEMPO) e funcionalização com íons cobre (Cu-L(micro)R) e nanopartículas de cobre (CuNPs-L(micro)R). O desempenho de CuAAC em fluxo contínuo do Cu-L(micro)R foi demonstrado através da realização de estudos de reciclabilidade e rendimentos em diferentes taxas de fluxo (0,1 a 0,8 mL min-1). Cu-L(micro)R apresentou rendimentos de 60 por cento a 96 por cento para 5 tipos de reações CuAAC, indicando promissora aplicação na área de catálise em dispositivos microfluídicos. Todas as reações foram realizadas em regime de fluxo com MeOH:H2O (2:1) e lixiviação de cobre inferior a 6,0 ppm, produzindo uma série de 5 derivados de 1,2,3-triazol 1,4-dissubstituídos com boa eficiência em um ambiente com poucos recursos. CuNPs-L(micro)R apresentou limitação para realização de CuAAC por não alcançar as condições ideais de aquecimento, exigidas para ocorrência da reação. / [en] The present work had two main objectives. The first refers to the development of polydimethylsiloxane photocatalytic microreactors (PDMS) for the comparative scale-up study between micro- and mesoreactors. The second focused on the development of bamboo lignocellulosic microreactors for copper(I) catalyzed alkine-azide cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC). In this scenario, an experimental scale-up and numbering-up configuration of photocatalytic meso- and microfluidic systems were developed, to compare, respectively, the photodegradation efficiency of TiO2-P25 in rhodamine B (RB) and methylene blue (MB) under UV irradiation. The obtained results suggest that the scale-up reduces the values of D (percent), while numbering-up maintains the photocatalytic efficiency with a significant reaction time reduction. The best photocatalytic microfluidic system was M6-60 (micro)L, which presented total MB degradation (1.2 x 10-5 mol L-1) in only 1h, and total phenol photo-oxidation (1,2 x 10-4 mol L-1) in 4h. Furthermore, M6-60 (micro)LM6 had lower electrical energy consumption (0,012 kWh m-3) and higher quantum yield (2,6 x 10-2) compared to others. The development of solid lignocellulosic supports showed important characteristics for the TEMPO-TAL functionalization processes with Cu(II), Zn(II) ions and CuNPs. The supports were properly characterized by SEM/ EDS and FT-IR. The results for the CuAAC reaction showed yields of 79-82 percent with recyclability of up to 7 times and average copper leaching of 1.30 ppm, and were important for the development of the bamboo microreactor. The microfabrication of the bamboo lignocellulosic microreactor (L(micro)R) was performed from cutting steps, without using expensive techniques and clean room. L(micro)R showed easy prototyping and rapid oxidation with N-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMPO) and functionalization with copper ions (Cu-L(micro)R) and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs-L(micro)R). Cu-L(micro)R continuous flow CuAAC performance was demonstrated by conducting recyclability and yield studies at different flow rates (0.1 to 0.8 mL-1). Cu-L(micro)R presented 60 percent to 96 percent yields for 5 types of CuAAC reactions, indicating promising application in the area of catalysis in microfluidic devices. All reactions were performed under a MeOH:H2O (2:1) flow regime and copper leaching below 6.0 ppm, producing a series of 5 efficiently 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazols derivatives in a resource-poor environment. CuNPs-L(micro)R presented limitation for CuAAC because it did not reach the ideal heating conditions required for the reaction to occur.

Ce travail de thèse porte sur la synthèse de copolymères greffés à squelette 1,4-polybutadiène (PBu) et polyoxanorbornène par combinaison de ROMP et chimie click et/ou polymérisation RAFT selon la méthode grafting through. Une gamme de macromonomères symétriques et non symétriques originaux poly(oxyde d’éthylène) (POE), poly(acrylate d’éthyle), poly(acrylamide de N-isopropyle) (PNIPAM) et POE-b-PNIPAM ont été synthétisés à partir de précurseurs oxanorbornène et cyclobutène fonctionnalisés présentant un ou deux groupements clickables et/ou un agent RAFT par chimie click et polymérisation RAFT. Une série de PBu-g-POE et polyoxanorbornène-g-POE bien définis ont été obtenus par ROMP en solution en utilisant des amorceurs de Grubbs et de Schrock. Les tests de ROMP en milieu aqueux dispersé ont montré que la mini-émulsion était efficace pour la polymérisation des macromonomères POE à extrémité cyclobutényle et oxanorbornényle. / The objective of this thesis is the preparation and characterization of well-defined graft copolymers with 1,4 polybutadiene (PBu) backbone and polyoxanorbornene backbone by combination of ROMP and “click” reaction and/or RAFT polymerization according to the “grafting through” method. A series of new symmetrical or non-symmetrical poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(ethyl acrylate), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and PEO-b-PNIPAM macromonomers was prepared by “click” reaction and/or RAFT polymerization from cyclobutenyl and oxanorbornenyl precursors -containing “click-able” groups and/or a RAFT agent. A series of polyoxanorbornene-g-PEO and PBu-g-PEO with low PDIs has been obtained by ROMP in solution using the Grubbs or the Schrock catalysts. The ROMP in dispersed aqueous media showed that the mini-emulsion conditions were efficient for the polymerization of both oxanorbornenyl- and cyclobutenyl-functionalized PEO macromonomers.