This research project was designed to determine whether anxiety in counsellors was higher with clients with foreign accents, and if so, whether this resulted in counsellors being less effective within the counselling session. Other feelings experienced by counsellors specific to counselling accented clients were also examined. Two separate, but related studies were conducted in which a comparison between two groups of counsellors-in-training was made. One group counselled a client with a European accent, while the other counselled a client with a Western Canadian speech style, typical of the region in which the study took place. Subjects in both groups were presented with a 20-minute video training tape of a client presenting a problem. Each subject was asked to respond verbally as they would in a real counselling session. The video tapes shown to the two groups were identical with the exception of the accent variable. The findings in both studies were similar. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in level of state anxiety as measured by the A-State of the STAI. Results from a questionnaire constructed specifically for this research project supported these findings. It did appear, however, that counsellors presented with the foreign accented client may have experienced more anxiety in the first few minutes of the session resulting from their inability to fully understand the accent. An unexpected finding emerged when both studies were examined together. It was found that a lower proportion of counsellors exposed to the foreign accented client expressed feelings on a frustrated/thwarted dimension (p<.05). More expected however, was the finding that higher levels of counsellor state anxiety were correlated with lower levels of counsellor functioning in the session (p<.001). The results of this study are discussed in relation to cross-cultural counselling, the anxiety-counsellor competence relationship, and sociolinguistic accent research. These results question several assumptions prevalent in the cross-cultural literature and suggest that a new set of issues may be emerging for the counsellor working with the minority client. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

The purpose of this study was to explore the specific client issue of unfinished business by comparing the differential effectiveness of empathy plus the Gestalt empty-chair technique and empathic reflection. The population consisted of 28 subjects drawn from students enrolled in the first year of a Master's Degree program in Counselling Psychology at a major university. The subjects received two counselling sessions in either the empathy plus Gestalt condition or the Empathic reflection condition. Two relationship instruments, the Empathy Scale of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory and the Task Dimension of the Working Alliance Inventory, were administered to assess the subject's perception of their therapist's behaviour and to screen for subjects who were not engaged in the process. Two outcome measures, the Target Complaint Measure and the Affective Reactions Questionnaire, were used to assess the amount of resolution subjects felt in their presenting complaint and the amount of change in their feelings toward the significant other. Two session measures, the Session Evaluation Questionnaire and the Target Complaint Discomfort Box Scale, were used to assess the current amount of discomfort regarding the presenting complaint and to evaluate the subject's perception of the sessions. The study showed that empathy plus the Gestalt empty-chair dialogue produced significantly more tolerance in the subjects' feelings toward a significant other person as measured by the Affective Reactions Questionnaire on an issue of unfinished business than those produced by empathic reflection. The results further suggest that a greater improvement in initial target complaint as measured by the Target Complaint Measure was felt for the empathy plus Gestalt condition than for the empathic reflection condition. The review of the literature suggests that the issue of unfinished business is an important one and the tentative results from this study suggest the need for further investigation to determine if the preliminary results are upheld in a clinical setting. The tentative results suggest that the Gestalt empty-chair dialogue in the context of an empathic relationship may make a contribution to the treatment of the issue of unfinished business. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

The focus of this study was an examination of the anxiety level and coping processes of female counselling students when confronted with a client who has either been sexually abused, physically abused, or who is experiencing role conflict. It was hypothesized that students who were exposed to a sexually abused client would demonstrate a significant increase in anxiety and poorer coping processes than the comparison groups. Coping processes were construed as coping thoughts (the relationship between negative and positive self-statements), and operationalized as the proportion of negative self-statements to total self-statements. It was further expected that there would be a moderate, positive correlation between anxiety and relative negative self-statement scores after viewing the client videos. Sixty female volunteer counselling psychology students (M age 35.8) at the University of British Columbia were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: exposure to a video presentation of a client who had either been sexually abused, physically abused, or was experiencing role conflict. Each student completed the State Form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the thought-listing procedure before and after viewing the client. Data were analyzed by two repeated measures, 2-way (group x time) ANOVAs, with anxiety and relative negative self-statement scores as the dependent variables. A Pearson product-moment correlation was also conducted between these two variables at post-test. The ANOVAs revealed no significant differences between the three groups from pre- to post-video, and, unexpectedly, the relative negative self-statement scores decreased for all groups. A positive correlation but of low magnitude was found between anxiety and relative negative self-statement scores (r=.21, p<.05). Because of the unexpected results, and based on findings from the literature, post-hoc analysis was carried out A repeated measures ANOVA with positive self-statements as the dependent variable revealed a group x time interaction that approached significance, F(2,60)=2.20, p.<.12. Post-hoc Scheffe's tests (p<.05) indicated that the sexual abuse group increased these positive self-statements more than the comparison groups. Data were also examined from the perspective of Schwartz and Garamoni's (1986) States of Mind model. These findings coupled with data from the ancillary questionnaires suggested that students were functioning from a position of grandiosity with respect to their counselling ability with adult survivors of sexual abuse. There was also some indication that at least some students who had been sexually abused themselves were in a state of denial in relation to the effects of their own abuse. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

Due to demographic shifts and efforts to recruit culturally diverse professionals, it is plausible that more Caucasians will encounter ethnic minority counselors in the future. Yet, the majority of multicultural literature has only emphasized Caucasian counselors' multicultural counseling competence. Research has rarely discussed how ethic minority counselors influence the perceptions of Caucasian clients. The research purpose was to explore how acculturation and gender of Asian and Caucasian counselors influence Caucasians' perceptions of the counselors and counseling services. With an analog research design, 562 Caucasian college students read 1 of 8 randomly assigned counselor descriptions, which were varied by counselor characteristics, and reported their perceptions on dependent measures: Counselor Rating Form - Short Version (CRF-S), Working Alliance Inventory - Short (WAI-S) and 4 Willingness items. With the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help - Shortened Form as a covariate, 15 hypotheses were expected that Caucasians would prefer high-acculturated, same sex, and same ethnic counselors tested by simple contrast, while an exploratory question, investigating main and interaction effects among independent variables (counselor ethnicity, acculturation and gender, and participant gender) on dependent measures, was examined by MANCOVA and ANCOVA. Although only 2 of 15 hypotheses showed significance, the exploratory investigation revealed: Caucasian participants had a preference of high-acculturated counselors on CRF-S attractiveness, WAI-S and willingness to seek help. However, present data did not replicate the impression of similar ethnic matching in counseling dyads. On CRF-S expertness, Caucasian participants reported that Asian male counselors were perceived as more expert than Caucasian male counselors. For gender differences, the current finding showed that female participants were more willing to seek help for academic/career concerns, whereas male participants were more willing to discuss their somatic concerns. For the research implications, with appropriate trainings in multicultural counseling competence, both Caucasian and non-Caucasian counselors could become effective therapists. Counseling agencies may need to keep counselors' background information minimum so it would not impede counseling relationships. With the limitation of analog study, the generalization of the current findings to actual clinical settings needs to be cautious. The qualitative research approach could expand our understandings concerning the current research direction in depth.

Orientador: Oswaldo Luiz Agostinho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T10:45:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RibeiroJunior_Roque_M.pdf: 2802464 bytes, checksum: 9cb098db1de7e6d1bcfe0dcde20131e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A cada dia que passa torna-se mais importante ter o conhecimento das melhores estratégias de parceria com o cliente e fornecedores. Estas devem ser baseadas na confiança e total envolvimento no negócio que visa atender às necessidades e expectativas de um mercado consumidor. Deve-se também considerar, neste contexto, a velocidade, o volume e o valor da informação que é compartilhada, que, se bem utilizada torna-se uma ferramenta eficaz para alavancar negócios. Dentro desta perspectiva, a identificação correta daquilo que o mercado percebe como valor no produto e serviço oferecido pode ser um diferencial, uma vez que permite à empresa ter seu foco totalmente concentrado no que realmente importa para seu cliente. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os diversos métodos para mensurar o Valor Percebido, selecionar e desenvolver um dado modelo, num ambiente de negócios entre empresas, partindo dos resultados do modelo desenvolvido, verificar as relações entre cliente e fornecedor em âmbito corporativo. Uma revisão do conhecimento a respeito de valor percebido e de seus antecedentes se fez necessária. A qualidade percebida e o sacrifício percebido (esforços e riscos) foram estudados. Efetuou se um estudo da evolução dos modelos de valor percebido apresentados ao longo dos anos. A pesquisa tem enfoque em clientes do segmento metal mecânico, que avaliaram o produto e o serviço de alguns fornecedores de ferramentas de corte. A partir dos resultados obtidos na mensuração, é feita uma análise das reais expectativas e percepções do cliente em relação aos quesitos entregues pelos fornecedores. Os resultados de campo são confrontados com as visões de relacionamento entre cliente e fornecedor de determinados autores, num contexto de negócios corporativos. O procedimento e técnica de abordagem de estudo foram: entrevistas semiestruturadas com gerentes, supervisores, técnicos das indústrias clientes dos fornecedores de ferramentas de corte. Enfim, este trabalho visa contribuir como material adicional de estudo em gestão de valor para o cliente, sendo esta uma ferramenta eficaz para estabelecimento de estratégias para que as empresas em ambientes altamente competitivos obtenham vantagem e ofereçam valor superior aos clientes / Abstract: With each passing day it becomes more important to have knowledge of the best strategies in partnership with the client and suppliers. These should be based on trust and full involvement in the deal that aims to meet the needs and expectations of a consumer market. One should also consider, in this context, speed, volume and the amount of information that is shared, which, if used becomes an effective tool for business leverage. Within this perspective, the correct identification of what the market perceives as value in the product and service offered can be a differentiator, as it allows the company to have its focus totally focused on what really matters to your customer. This study aims to analyze the different methods to measure the Perceived Value, select and develop a data model, a business between undertakings, based on the results of the model developed to examine relationships between customer and supplier at the corporate level. A review of knowledge about perceived value and his background was necessary. The perceived quality and perceived sacrifice (efforts and risks) were studied. We conducted a study of the changing patterns of perceived value presented over the years. The research is focused on clients mechanic metal segment, which reviewed the product and the service of some suppliers of cutting tools. From the results obtained in the measurement, an analysis of actual customer perceptions and expectations in regard to the questions provided by suppliers is taken. Field results are confronted with visions of relationship between customer and supplier of certain authors, in the context of corporate business. The procedure and technique study approach were: semi-structured interviews with managers, supervisors, technicians from customer industries suppliers of cutting tools. Anyway, this work aims to contribute as additional study material in managing customer value, which is an effective tool for establishing strategies for companies in highly competitive environments gain advantage and deliver superior customer value / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Regression testing is important but time consuming. Automating the testing have many benefits. It will save money for companies because they will not have to pay testers to manually test their applications. It will produce better software with less bugs as testing can be done more frequently so bugs will be found faster. This thesis has compared two techniques used to automate regression testing. The more traditional component level record and replay tools and Visual GUI testing tools that uses image recognition. Eight tools in total was tested and compared, four from each technique. The system under test for this project was a fat client application used by Trafikverket. After automating a test suite using all tools, it could be concluded that the component level record and replay had some advantages over visual GUI testing tools, especially when it comes to verifying the state of the system under test. The benefits of visual GUI testing tools comes from their independence from the system under test and that the technique more correctly mimics how a real user interacts with the GUI. / Regressionstestning är en viktig men tidskrävande del av mjukvaruutveckling. Att automatisera testningen har flera fördelar. Det sparar pengar för företag eftersom de inte behöver betala testare för att manuellt utföra testerna. Det resulterar i bättre mjukvara med färre buggar eftersom man kan testa oftare och därmed hitta buggar tidigare. Det här projektet har undersökt och jämfört två tekniker som kan användas för att automatisera regressionstestning och verktyg som använder dessa tekniker. Dels de traditionella verktygen som identifierar objekt på komponentnivå samt verktyg som istället använder sig av bildigenkänning för att identifiera objekt. Totalt testades och utvärderades åtta verktyg, fyra av varje tekniktyp. Systemet som testades under projektet är en skrivbordsapplikation som används av Trafikverket. Efter att ha automatiserat en testsekvens med varje verktyg kunde konstateras att verktygen som identifierar objekt på komponentnivå har flera fördelar över verktyg som enbart använder bildigenkänning. Detta gäller främst när det kommer till verifiering av systemets tillstånd. Den största fördelen med bildigenkänningsverktygen visade sig vara dess oberoende från systemet, samt att tekniken mer efterliknar en verklig användare.

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The thesis deals with wiretapping and recording of telecommunication traffic which is an indispensable instrument for law enforcement on one side, but on the other side nevertheless it intervenes in lives of wiretapped persons in a significant way. The first chapter of thesis focuses on the area of the right to privacy because to be able to assess whether the wiretaps are realized in accordance with the legislation or not, it is essential to know from a legal point of view what falls within the privacy of individuals, which single rights involve the term right to privacy, and so which rights are protected. In the following part, the term wiretapping and recording of telecommunication traffic is explained and the amendments of legislation of this institute are summarized. On the development of the amendments of legislation it can be observed the fostering of protection of right to privacy by/over time on the development of the amendments of legislation. The next part focuses on the issue of the wiretap warrant, specifically on the procedure leading up the wiretap warrant, its compulsory content according to the criminal procedural code, the test of three-degree efficiency control of lawfulness wiretap warrant, and also the jurisdiction which is really important in this issue. The last point which...

Regression testing is important but time consuming. Automating the testing have many benefits. It will save money for companies because they will not have to pay testers to manually test their applications. It will produce better software with less bugs as testing can be done more frequently so bugs will be found faster. This thesis has compared two techniques used to automate regression testing. The more traditional component level record and replay tools and Visual GUI testing tools that uses image recognition. Eight tools in total was tested and compared, four from each technique. The system under test for this project was a fat client application used by Trafikverket. After automating a test suite using all tools, it could be concluded that the component level record and replay had some advantages over visual GUI testing tools, especially when it comes to verifying the state of the system under test. The benefits of visual GUI testing tools comes from their independence from the system under test and that the technique more correctly mimics how a real user interacts with the GUI. / Regressionstestning är en viktig men tidskrävande del av mjukvaruutveckling. Att automatisera testningen har flera fördelar. Det sparar pengar för företag eftersom de inte behöver betala testare för att manuellt utföra testerna. Det resulterar i bättre mjukvara med färre buggar eftersom man kan testa oftare och därmed hitta buggar tidigare. Det här projektet har undersökt och jämfört två tekniker som kan användas för att automatisera regressionstestning och verktyg som använder dessa tekniker. Dels de traditionella verktygen som identifierar objekt på komponentnivå samt verktyg som istället använder sig av bildigenkänningför att identifiera objekt. Totalt testades och uvärderades åtta verktyg, fyra av varje tekniktyp. Systemet som testades under projektet är en skrivbordsapplikation som används av Trafikverket. After att ha automatiserat en testsekvens med varje verktyg kunde konstateras att verktygen som identifierar objekt på komponentnivå har flera fördelar över verktyg som enbart använder bildigenkänning. Detta gäller främst när det kommer till verifiering av systemets tillstånd. Den största fördelen med bildigenkänningsverktygen visade sig vara dess oberoende från systemet, samt att tekniken mer efterliknar en verklig användare.