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Research suggests that counselor educators continue to debate whether general personality characteristics, relationship building skills, or other knowledge or skills are important in selecting the most effective counselors (Crews et al., 2005). Further, counselor educators continue to rely on measures that have limited ability to predict counseling competence or success in graduate programs. Such measures include GRE and GPA scores along with heavy reliance on the personal interview that is well-known for bias. Moreover, research supports that there is a need for assessments that will assist in determining the most effective counselors and emphasize the importance of measuring those characteristics that have a solid empirical link to client outcomes. The purpose of this study was to bridge the gap in the literature and to measure counselor characteristics that have are grounded in current outcome literature. Outcome research has suggested that counselor empathy is one of the strongest predictors of client outcome. Therefore, two constructs were explored in this study that are linked to empathy: Loevinger‘s (1976) Theory of Ego Development and Altruistic Caring as measured by the Heintzelman Inventory (Robinson, Kuch, & Swank, 2010). The sample consisted of 81 graduate-level counselor trainees in their first or second semester of practicum at a large South Eastern university. Results revealed no statistically significant relationship between variables. However, further exploratory analysis yielded a statistically significant relationship between a component of altruistic caring, specifically early career choice in the counseling field (4.1% of the variance explained), and client outcome. Implications for counselor educators are presented along with areas for future research.

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Vid värdering av bostäder används ortsprismetoden. Det innebär att värderaren jämfört tidigare försäljningar i området. Vid en värdering kan klienten försöka påverka värderingen genom klientinflytande. Klientinflytande betyder att klienten försöker ändra värderingen för egen vinning. Syftet med denna uppsats är att få en ökad förståelse för om klientinflytande förekommer i samband med bankvärdering i Sverige och på vilket sätt det yttrar sig. Uppsatsen syfte besvaras genom en kvalitativ metod med hjälp av en semistrukturerad intervju. Data har samlats in med hjälp av åtta respondenter. Respondenterna är registrerade fastighetsmäklare i Karlstad kommun från olika mäklarföretag och är i denna undersökning anonyma. Efter intervjuer och sammanställning av data kunde slutsatser dras. En slutsats är att klientinflytande förekommer och att klienten försöker påverka värderingen genom att påverka valet av jämförelseobjekt. Det gick även att dra en delvis slutsats om att det är vid värderingens platsbesök hos klienten som klientinflytande förekommer. Ytterligare en slutsats är att påverkansmekanismerna expertmakt och informationsmakt är förekommande i Sverige. / When valuing homes, a method that can be used is comparing sales method, meaning that the valuer compares previous sales in the area. In a valuation, the client can try to influence the valuation through client influence. Client influence means that the customer tries to change the valuation for their own gain. The purpose of this paper is to gain an increased understanding of whether client influence occurs in correlation with bank valuation in Sweden and in what way it occurs. The purpose of the essay is answered through a qualitative method with the help of a semi-structured interview. The data were collected with the help of eight respondents. The respondents are registered real estate agents in Karlstad municipality from various real estate companies and are anonymous in this survey. After the interviews and compilation of the data, some conclusions could be drawn. One conclusion is that client influence is something that occurs in Sweden and that the client tries to influence the valuation by influencing thechoice of comparison sales. It was also possible to draw a partial conclusion that it is during the valuation's site visit to the client that client influence occurs. Another conclusion is that mechanisms of influence like expert power and information power is something that occurs in Sweden.

A gap exists in the literature exploring the burnout and self-care experiences of novice psychotherapists, despite their greater susceptibility to burnout. The aim of the present study was to begin filling the gap by exploring the lived experiences of burnout among novice psychotherapists and the self-care strategies they employed to combat burnout. Three research questions guided this exploration: (1) How do novice psychotherapists experience burnout? (2) What strategies do novice psychotherapists use to overcome their burnout? (3) How has novice psychotherapists’ self-care strategies changed as a result of experiencing burnout? Four novice psychotherapists were interviewed using a semi-structured interview protocol to gain an insight into their experiences. Using an inductive approach to Thematic Analysis, six main themes, thirteen categories and twenty-eight codes emerged. The six themes were the following: (1) The experience of burnout, which was divided into three categories and included nine codes (2) The strategies employed to combat burnout, which was divided into two categories and included seven codes (3) The meaning of self-care, which was divided into two categories and included three codes (4) Ethical considerations, which was divided into three categories and included three codes (5) Recommendations, which was divided into two categories and included five codes and (6) Looking ahead, which was divided into one category and included one code. Burnout is a debilitating experience that impact personal life, client care, and society. Discussion includes implications for novice psychotherapists, pedagogy and practice, and society.

Architects are increasingly sought after for their abilities to be creative, knowledgeable, and strategic. Excessive concentration on "product" rather than "process" of architecture is challenging the architect's status as a professional. 20th century Information Technology has brought growing competition, shorter timeframes, and an increasingly knowledgeable client, which present challenges to the profession. Can IT be used effectively to manage all stakeholder relationships and how has it impacted the process of "service delivery"? An inability to effectively serve clients may result in potential loss of repeat business, paucity of new clients by referrals, and lack of projects, which directly impacts finances and an overall loss for the firm?s practice. The object of this thesis has been to study the effect of strategic IT deployment on client-architect relationship, in meeting client expectations and the identification of means by which architects can gain competitive advantage in today?s highly demanding market. IT and CRM are envisioned as enablers of a firm's sustainable competitive advantage.

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