The focus of my thesis is to create an architectural wrap through a development of layers in a system. This investigation starts with the design of a golf clubhouse on the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. / Master of Architecture

Le Clubhouse Paris est une structure de réhabilitation psychosociale cogérée par les usagers du service (les « membres ») et les salariés. C’est un lieu non-médicalisé dont les pratiques sont tournées vers le rétablissement et dont l’objectif est d’accompagner les personnes en situation de handicap psychique vers leur réinsertion sociale et professionnelle. Nous avons réalisé une étude pré-exploratoire longitudinale (18 mois) mêlant approche qualitative et quantitative (N=30). L’objectif était de mesurer l’évolution de plusieurs variables, afin de montrer l’efficacité du modèle Clubhouse en France : l’insertion professionnelle, les aptitudes psychosociales, la qualité de vie, la satisfaction de vie, l’estime de soi, le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle, le soutien social, la symptomatologie et le taux d’hospitalisation. L’autre objectif était de décrire la place du Clubhouse dans le parcours de soin et de rétablissement des personnes à travers des entretiens de recherche. Les résultats confirment l’efficacité du modèle Clubhouse concernant ces variables : l’amélioration de l’insertion professionnelle, des aptitudes psychosociales, de la qualité de vie physique, du sentiment d'efficacité personnelle, la diminution de la symptomatologie anxieuse, de la consommation de tabac, des comportements antisociaux et du nombre d'hospitalisations. Dans les entretiens de recherche, 87% des membres désignent au moins un élément du Clubhouse comme étant un facteur aidant à leur rétablissement et à l’amélioration de leur état psychologique. Ces résultats attestent de la pertinence, en France, d’une structure telle que le Clubhouse pour accompagner les personnes dans leur rétablissement. / The Paris Clubhouse is a psychosocial rehabilitation service co-managed by members, users of the service, and staff. It is a recovery oriented non-medicalized place, aiming at the social and professional rehabilitation of people living with mental health problems.We realized an exploratory study (over 18 months), with both a qualitative and quantitative approach, on a sample of 30 subjects, all members of the Paris Clubhouse. The aim of the study was to evaluate the evolution of several variables, aiming to prove the Clubhouse model’s efficiency (quantitative approach): vocational integration, psychosocial skills, quality of life, satisfaction of life, self-esteem, personal efficiency, social support, symptomatology and number of hospitalizations. The other aim was to describe the place of the Clubhouse in the members’ lives and recoveries, through research interviews (qualitative approach).The results confirm that the Paris Clubhouse efficiency with the increase of vocational integration, psychosocial skills, physical quality of life, feeling of global personal efficiency and the decrease of anxious symptomatology, tobacco consumption, antisocial behavior and number of hospitalizations. Furthermore, during the interviews, 87% of members quote at least one characteristic of the Clubhouse as a factor that allows the recovery and improvement of mental health. These results attest to the relevance, in France, of a service such as the Clubhouse to accompany people in their recovery, on a different model from what is usually proposed in France.

The following thesis project is a proposed redesign of a public clubhouse for the University of British Columbia Golf Course, located in the University Endowment Lands. The intention of the thesis was to pursue a relationship between architecture and the designed or constructed landscape of the golf course. Such a connection was made through a series of landscape readings to formulate a conceptual beginning and framework for design. The investigation dissected the recreational landscape as an artificial fact, exposing the nature of the landscape into two categories: surface and object. Furthermore, movement through the recreational landscape was defined by an irregular linear trajectory. These landscape features where then explored for their inherent potential for an architecture that makes a connection to the landscape while simultaneously meeting the demands of a highly scripted program. The resulting architecture is composed of both objects and surfaces all of which have a specific programmatic function and connection to the landscape. In essence, the building can be divided into five architectural elements or strategies: path/armature, planar roof surface, pavilion object, spatial ordering device and finally earth work.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2008. / Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-210).

Persons with mental illness struggle daily to overcome their illnesses that relentlessly attack the mind. In efforts to revolutionize mental health treatment, psychologists and doctors have attempted to go beyond symptom reduction. One such method is the Clubhouse Model of psychosocial rehabilitation that welcomes persons with severe mental illness into a socially supportive environment and involves them in meaningful and productive work (Doyle, Lanoil & Dudek, 2013). The Clubhouse Model works: its members report greater feelings of functionality, autonomy, and happiness (Tanaka & Davidson, 2015). However, it is not yet clear how exactly the Clubhouse Model is so effective. The current proposed study will apply the psychology phenomena of flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990) to the Clubhouse Model’s core structure, its work-ordered day. This proposed study will collect data on Clubhouse members’ experience in three activities: the work-ordered day, free time, and therapy to determine if they are ever in a state of flow. The proposal will collect the data over a six-month period using the Experience Sampling Method (Hektner, Schmidt & Csikszentmihalyi, 2007). Additionally, the proposal will collect longitudinal data of the members’ quality of life (QoL) to determine if members’ QoL increase due to their Clubhouse membership. The proposal’s first hypothesis is that members will experience greater levels of flow during the activities of the work-ordered day over their free time and therapy. The proposal’s second hypothesis is that by experiencing flow, Clubhouse members will experience greater levels of QoL.

The following thesis project is a proposed redesign of a public clubhouse for the University of British Columbia Golf Course, located in the University Endowment Lands. The intention of the thesis was to pursue a relationship between architecture and the designed or constructed landscape of the golf course. Such a connection was made through a series of landscape readings to formulate a conceptual beginning and framework for design. The investigation dissected the recreational landscape as an artificial fact, exposing the nature of the landscape into two categories: surface and object. Furthermore, movement through the recreational landscape was defined by an irregular linear trajectory. These landscape features where then explored for their inherent potential for an architecture that makes a connection to the landscape while simultaneously meeting the demands of a highly scripted program. The resulting architecture is composed of both objects and surfaces all of which have a specific programmatic function and connection to the landscape. In essence, the building can be divided into five architectural elements or strategies: path/armature, planar roof surface, pavilion object, spatial ordering device and finally earth work. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

會所為近年來我國新興之非營利組織，其基本性質應該屬於精神障礙障者病友自治團體，其發展係源自於美國活泉之家，目前我國全部僅有五所，但其中二所卻因故不得不嘎然結束原有之經營，殊為可惜。 本研究之方法，係採取質性研究方式，並對5所會所實際擔任經營管理之負責人作深度訪查。 本研究主要之目的，係在探討以下幾點： （一）探討如何延續已經創造之公益模式，能夠繼續永續經營。 （二）以資源管理模式，探討關鍵成功或失敗因素，供其他類似非營利組織做參考。 （三）保障並增進弱勢精神障礙者權益。 （四）為醫療體系運作創造一個參考架構之典範，作為修正現有精神醫療機構過度營利化、公司化之趨勢。 本研究在以資源為基礎來探討會所之經營管理模式後，獲得之主要結論，有以下幾點： （一）國內會所經費來源大多依靠政府補助支援，多半超過50％之比重，相對而言，自籌款比率偏低，亦即會所之資源來源，主要由政府提供。 （二）國內會所除與原先設置之非營利組織緊密相連結外，多數並未正式去連結其他組織以獲取外部資源。 （三）國內會所或許因為草創之初，經營規模尚未達到一定程度，因此，尚未使用經營管理所使用之績效與策略工具。 （四）國內會所逐漸往申請國際認證之經營管理方向前進，在引進更多外部資源，尤其是知識與技術資源，以強化其核心能耐。 本研究之結論，在經營管理上之意涵，主要有以下幾點： （一）降低過渡外部資源之依賴比重：會所於開辦與立案之初，應積極獲取政府所提供之資源，但為永續經營，必須逐漸減少依賴政府資源，降低政府補助佔總收入之比例。 （二）開發新資源：與企業合作，包括公益行銷、異業結盟等。 （三）減少成本，增加效率：訂定績效指標。 （四）ICCD認證：加入國際認證，其優點在於，可以建立政府補助之標準，也可以確保國際品質、建立品牌形象、獲得國際知識與技術等資源。 （五）設置委員會審查機制：會所內部應設置委員會，聘用引進外部獨立、公正之人士，以便審查內部業務，使內部財務等資訊透明，可增加外部資源連結，增加社會大眾給予資源挹注之願意與信心，可同時提升募款之比重、減少政府補助之比例、以及強化會所治理之機制。 / Clubhouse is an emerging non-profit organization in Taiwan in recent years. It is one kind of self-help group for mental handicaps and is originated from Fountain House in U.S.A. There have been 5 clubhouses set up with 2 of them resulting to an end because of certain causes. The outcome of this scenario is pitiful. The method of this thesis is qualitative and make in-depth interview with persons who materially manages in each clubhouse. The aims of this thesis are as follow: (1) Exploring how to sustain this clubhouse model which has built up in the way of charity. (2) Exploring the key success factors and the key failure factors in terms of resources, and proving these factors to other similar non-profit organizations for comparison. (3) Protecting and Promoting the rights and interests of mentally vulnerable population. (4) Providing a reference model for modern healthcare organizations which tend to be over-profiteering like companies. After exploring the model of management in terms of resources, the conclusions are made as follow: (1) Most of clubhouses in Taiwan are sponsored chiefly by government with more than 50%, in other words, relatively less from raising funds. (2) All clubhouses are closely interrelated with their affiliated organizations which set up them, however loosely and informally with other non-profit organizations. (3) All clubhouses in Taiwan have not yet used strategic tools such as BSC for management, probably due to still in early developmental stage with small scale. (4) All clubhouses in Taiwan have plans in the future to receive certification from ICCD in order to obtain resources, especially knowledge and skills, with promoting their own core competence. Addressing to implications of management, this thesis conclude several points as follow: (1) Decreasing the percent to be dependent to outside resources. (2) Developing new resources other than sponsorship from government. (3) Decreasing cost and increasing efficiency under establishment of performance indicators. (4) Getting qualified with a certification issued by ICCD. (5) Establishing an independent committee of review as an oversight mechanism.

The aim of the present master thesis was to explore which experiences members at a Swedish clubhouse for psychosocial rehabilitation describe as important in their recovery process and for their (re)entrance in the labor market, and more specifically if and how they consider the clubhouse helpful in this process. With an inductive approach, six qualitative interviews with clubhouse members who had moved on from the clubhouse to employment in the labor market were carried out and analyzed through thematic analysis. The interviewees described helpful aspects of the clubhouse within five themes: A place to go to, Something sensible to do, Community and friendship, To recapture one's identity, and Moves on (but stays a member). These five themes illustrate different aspects of the overarching theme Individuality through community. The way the clubhouse was described as helpful in the interviews was further discussed in relation to common factors within all helpful interventions, Frank and Frank’s concept of demoralization, and the reconstruction of the sense of self according to Davidson and Strauss. In the present study, the clubhouse is described as a place where recovery from psychiatric problems can be supported.

Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) exhibit low motivation to participate in educational leisure activities at Clubhouses accredited by Clubhouse International (CI). This correlational study examined the relationship between each of 4 motives, intellectual, social, competence-mastery, and stimulus-avoidance, to engage in leisure activities, and the perception of recovery from SMI. Knowles's theory of andragogy supported the concept of informal self-directed learning, which occurs with leisure activities. Literature indicates that participating in leisure activities such as those offered at Clubhouses aids in the recovery from SMI. Quantitative data were collected from a convenience sample of 75 individuals at 4 CI clubhouses using 2 Likert-scale instruments, the Leisure Motivational Scale (LMS) and the Recovery Assessment Scale - Domains and Stages (RAS-DS). Pearson correlation coefficients indicated significant moderate positive correlations between each of 4 motives, intellectual, social, competence-mastery, and stimulus-avoidance, to engage in leisure activities, and the perception of recovery from SMI. These findings were used to design a professional development program on motivation to teach the staff at a Clubhouse about how to engage members in leisure activities. The study has the potential to inspire positive social change by motivating members to improve their quality of life, learn social and work skills, develop friendships and a support system, reengage with society, and to become employed.

<p>The aim of this undergraduate thesis was to study what the participation in the activities of the Fontain House in Stockholm means to its members. The research questions dealt with how the members describe their participation in the activities, whether they say that it has helped them, and, in that case, in which way. Furthermore, they dealt with how the members argue about their experiences of mental illness and of social help. The study was carried out within the framework of the narrative method. As tools for analyzing the narratives, parts of An-tonovsky’s theories as well as the theoretical concepts of inclusion and exclusion as described by Madsen, were used. Furthermore, earlier research on the Fontain House was applied in the analysis. The results of the study showed that all of the respondents said that the Fontain House was of great importance in their lives and that they could participate in its activities in regard to their own needs and resources. The thesis discusses whether the selection and the execution of the study may have affected the results toward a positive tendency. Concerning how the re-spondents argue about mental illness and about social help, the answers varied strongly.</p>